RESUMO
Effects of excitatory aminoacids (EAAs) aspartate (ASP) and glutamate (GLU) in a low (50 ng, i.c.) and high dose (20 micrograms, i.c.), were studied on nociception, catalepsy and rectal temperature in albino rats. Both ASP and GLU altered the tail flick reaction time to thermal stimulation in a dose dependent manner, increasing it with low doses and reduced with high doses. Naloxone (10 micrograms, ic) antagonized the anti-nociceptive effect of EAAs while ketamine (10 micrograms, ic)-a NMDA receptor antagonist antagonized the hyperalgesic effect. These EAAs also antagonized catalepsy induced by haloperidol, chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine and morphine. Both ASP and GLU produced a hyperthermic response in all animals, including those in which hypothermia was induced by reserpine. These EAAs produced a comparable central modulatory effects on nociception, catalepsy and core temperature.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Captação Adrenérgica/toxicidade , Analgesia , Analgésicos Opioides/administração & dosagem , Animais , Ácido Aspártico/administração & dosagem , Temperatura Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Catalepsia/tratamento farmacológico , Clorpromazina/administração & dosagem , Antagonistas de Dopamina/administração & dosagem , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Antagonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/toxicidade , Febre/induzido quimicamente , Ácido Glutâmico/administração & dosagem , Haloperidol/administração & dosagem , Hipotermia/induzido quimicamente , Injeções Subcutâneas , Ketamina/farmacologia , Masculino , Morfina/administração & dosagem , Naloxona/administração & dosagem , Antagonistas de Entorpecentes/administração & dosagem , Nociceptores/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Reserpina/toxicidade , Trifluoperazina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
A double blind comparative study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of penfluridol and trifluoperazine in patients of chronic schizophrenia. Penfluridol was administered once weekly while trifluoperazine was administered twice daily by preparing identical capsules. The data revealed that both the compounds were similarly effective in maintaining control of symptoms of chronic schizophrenia. However, penfluridol has a definite advantage over trifluoperazine since it is administered once a week instead of twice a day.