Evaluation of the Levels of Peripheral CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T Cells and IgG and IgM Antibodies in COVID-19 Patients at Different Stages of Infection.
Microbiol Spectr
; 10(1): e0084521, 2022 02 23.
Artículo
en Inglés
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1709405
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection affects the stimulatory levels of cellular-mediated immunity, which plays an essential role in controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection. In fact, several studies have shown the association of lymphopenia with severe COVID-19 in patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the response of the immune system, including cell-mediated immunity and antibody production, during different stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Peripheral blood and serum samples were collected from patients with moderate infection, patients under medication (hospitalized), patients who had recovered, and healthy individuals (n = 80). Flow cytometry analysis was performed on peripheral blood samples to determine the cellular immunity profile of each patient. The data showed a significant reduction in the levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells and CD45+ cells in the moderate and under-medication groups, suggesting lymphopenia in those patients. Also, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted on the serum samples to measure the levels of antibodies, including IgM and IgG, in each patient. The results revealed a significant increase in the levels of IgM in the moderate infection and under-medication patients, thus indicating the production of IgM during the first week of infection. Furthermore, changes in the levels of IgG were significantly detected among recovered patients, indicating therefore a remarkable increase during the recovery stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection and thus a strong humoral-mediated immunity. In summary, the results of this study may help us to understand the main role of the cellular immune responses, including CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells, against SARS-CoV-2 infection. This understanding might support the development of SARS-CoV-2 treatments and vaccines in the near future. IMPORTANCE Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in late 2019 in China. This virus is a serious threat to people not only in China but also worldwide, where it has been detected in over 222 countries. It has been reported that â¼3.4% of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients have died. The significance of our study relies on the fact that an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry were used to measure the levels of antibodies and cellular immune response, respectively, from clinical samples of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
Disponible
Colección:
Bases de datos internacionales
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Inmunoglobulina G
/
Inmunoglobulina M
/
Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos
/
Complejo CD3
/
Linfocitos T CD8-positivos
/
COVID-19
Tipo de estudio:
Estudio experimental
/
Estudio pronóstico
/
Ensayo controlado aleatorizado
Tópicos:
Vacunas
Límite:
Adulto
/
Anciano
/
Femenino
/
Humanos
/
Masculino
/
Middle aged
/
Young_adult
Idioma:
Inglés
Revista:
Microbiol Spectr
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Artículo
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