Smart Nanobiosensing for COVID-19 Diagnosis

ABSTRACT

Repeated public health menace caused by the pathogenic coronaviruses, including the present COVID-19 caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has had devastating aftereffects, and an intense need for a promising solution has developed. Currently, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is being extensively utilized for detecting the virus from biological samples. However, it has certain limitations and fails to provide accurate and reliable results. Consequently, simple, portable, and pointof- care testing enabled biosensors have turned up as the most efficient and sustainable diagnostic tool. This review provides a brief introduction about the present global scenario due to the ongoing pandemic and concise information regarding the morphological details of coronaviruses. Thereafter, a summarized data is presented regarding the contemporary biosensing platforms fabricated to specifically identify fatal coronaviruses with particular emphasis towards surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensor, field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensor, colorimetric sensors, fluorescence-based sensors, and electrochemical (EC) immunosensors. A comparative analysis of the sensors is also presented along with a few future perspectives that can aid the development of smart and futuristic sensors. This review is expected to provide details to researchers about the ongoing biosensor-related experimentations and encourage them to develop innovative detection devices to manage the current pandemic. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.