Three cases of encephalopathy / disseminated encephalomyelitis in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Acta Medica Bulgarica
; 49(1):51-56, 2022.
Article
Dans Anglais
| CAB Abstracts | ID: covidwho-1841274
ABSTRACT
As many other viral pandemics, the current SARS-CoV-2 is also characterized by nervous system involvement, mainly in elderly patients with comorbidities. Recent scientific reports indicate that involvement of the nervous system is manifested by a variety of clinical symptoms related to the severity and extent of brain damage. Encephalopathy, encephalitis and polyneuritis are among the complications reported in patients with SARSCoV- 2. These complications have been morphologically proven. As an immune-privileged structure, neural tissue is particularly vulnerable to autoimmune attacks. Therefore, various neurological diseases such as MS, Guillain-Barre syndrome, as well as autoimmune encephalitis and psychosis have also been reported in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Herein, we present three cases of patients who died after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We emphasize on the pathomorphological changes found in a detailed study of the brain and cervical spine. The analysis of the inflammatory findings, mainly manifested by perivenous lymphocytic infiltrates, serodiapedesis and erythrocyte depots around the vessels, showed a presence of initial demyelination (in two of the cases). The blood supply of most venous vessels with different size and a pronounced "sludge" phenomenon were the most impressive findings, as in some sections these changes were demonstrated by a presence of thrombosis. Inflammatory manifestations were also observed in the brainstem near to the stem nuclei. The SARS-CoV-2 virus induces a variety of immune system responses. In some patients there is a negligible or no reaction, while in others there is a "cytokine storm" with a system damage of multiple organs - often including the brain.
Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans [VV210]; Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries [VV600]; human diseases; central nervous system; viral diseases; clinical aspects; pandemics; brain; symptoms; autoimmune diseases; cytokines; elderly; elderly patients; encephalitis; erythrocytes; Guillain-Barre syndrome; nervous system diseases; polyneuropathy; psychoses; thrombosis; coronavirus disease 2019; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; man; Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirinae; Coronaviridae; Nidovirales; positive-sense ssRNA Viruses; ssRNA Viruses; RNA Viruses; viruses; Homo; Hominidae; primates; mammals; vertebrates; Chordata; animals; eukaryotes; CNS; SARS-CoV-2; viral infections; clinical picture; cerebrum; aged; elderly people; older adults; senior citizens; encephalomyelitis; blood red cells; red blood cells; neuropathy; psychotic disorders; blood clots
Texte intégral:
Disponible
Collection:
Bases de données des oragnisations internationales
Base de données:
CAB Abstracts
langue:
Anglais
Revue:
Acta Medica Bulgarica
Année:
2022
Type de document:
Article
Documents relatifs à ce sujet
MEDLINE
...
LILACS
LIS