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1.
O.F.I.L ; 32(3): 235-237, julio 2022. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-208776

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Etoposide is widely used in pediatric chemotherapy. At the moment, there is conflicting data in the literature on the incidence of etoposide hypersensitivity. The aim of this study is to assess etoposide hypersensitivity incidence and to evaluate potential risk factors for hypersensitivity in pediatrics.Methods: Retrospective study of pediatric patients treated with etoposide since June 2013 until September 2020. Symptoms of hypersensitivity, grade of hypersensitivity reaction according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events guidelines and management of hypersensitivity reaction data were collected.Results: 213 patients were treated with etoposide during the period of the study. The mean age was 6.8 (range 0.2-17 years), 58.7% were male. Doses administered ranged from 100-200 mg/m2 and from 2.5-6 mg/kg, median infusion rate was 55 (2-200) mg/h and median infusion concentration was 0.3 (0.2-0.5) mg/ml. Hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 23 (10.8%) patients, 3 and 20 cases were classified as grade I and II respectively. All hypersensitivity reactions were successfully managed with medication and reduction of the infusion rate. No statistical significant association between the variables collected and the apparition of hypersensitivity reactions was found.Conclusions: The incidence of hypersensitivity reaction was higher than the described in the summary of products characteristics. All reactions were mild being resolved by standard treatment. (AU)


Introducción: Existen datos contradictorios en la literatura sobre la incidencia de hipersensibilidad a etopósido. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la incidencia de hipersensibilidad asociada a etopósido y posibles factores de riesgo asociados en pacientes pediátricos en un hospital de tercer nivel.Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes pediátricos tratados con etopósido desde junio de 2013 hasta septiembre de 2020. Se recogieron los datos acerca de síntomas asociados a la reacción de hipersensibilidad, grado de la reacción de hipersensibilidad según la Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Guidelines y el manejo de la reacción de hipersensibilidad.Resultados: Se identificaron 213 pacientes tratados con etopósido. La mediana de edad fue de 6,75 (rango 0,16-17 años), el 58,68% eran hombres. Las dosis administradas variaron entre 100-200 mg/m2 y 2,5-6 mg/kg, las medianas de velocidad de infusión y concentración fueron 55 (2-200) mg/h y 0,3 (0,2-0,5) mg/ml respectivamente. Las reacciones de hipersensibilidad ocurrieron en 23 (10,8%) pacientes, clasificadas como grado I (3) y II (20). Todas las reacciones fueron manejadas con éxito mediante medicación y reducción de la velocidad de infusión. No se encontró asociación estadística entre las variables evaluadas y las reacciones de hipersensibilidad.Conclusiones: La incidencia de reacciones de hipersensibilidad fue superior a la descrita en ficha técnica. Todas las reacciones fueron moderadas y manejadas con tratamiento estándar. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Etoposide , Hypersensitivity , Pediatrics , Patients , Incidence
2.
O.F.I.L ; 32(2): 179-181, enero 2022.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-205754

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Carboplatin dosage methods are often based on renal clearance. An accurate determination of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be obtained by measuring 51Cr-EDTA clearance; however, this method is laborious. For that matter, various formulae have been developed to estimate the GFR. The aim of this study is to compare carboplatin doses calculated by Mann/Pein formula with GFR measured by 51Cr-EDTA clearance and GFR estimated with Schwartz formulae in children.Methods: All cancer paediatric patients whose GFR was measured by 51Cr-EDTA were included. GFR was also estimated with Schwartz formulae. To calculate carboplatin dose, Mann/Pein formula was used. A target Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 5 mg/ml/min was chosen. Carboplatin doses were calculated with two different values of GFR calculated previously.Results: A total of 33 patients were identified with a median age of 10 years old (range 1-17), 63.6% were males. The median weight, height and BSA were 28 kg (range 8-84.4 kg), 137 cm (range 64-182 cm) and 1.04 m2 (range 0,37-2,1 m2) respectively. The mean of carboplatin doses calculated with GFR measured by 51Cr-EDTA was 274.3±135.7 mg and with GFR estimated with Schwartz formulae was 364.9±156.6 mg. The mean difference between methods was 90.6 mg, P<0.001.Conclusion: Carboplatin doses calculated with GFR estimated by Schwartz were statistically higher than those measured with 51Cr-EDTA. This variability may be a risk factor leading to inadequate dosage of patients treated with carboplatin. (AU)


Introducción: Existen métodos de dosificación de carboplatino que emplean el aclaramiento renal. La tasa de filtrado glomerular (TFG) puede ser determinada de forma precisa mediante el aclaramiento de Cr51-EDTA, sin embargo, este método es laborioso. Por ello, diversas fórmulas se han desarrollado para estimar la TFG. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar las dosis de carboplatino calculadas empleando la TFG medida con Cr51-EDTA y la estimada con la fórmula de Schwartz en pediatría.Métodos: Todos los pacientes oncológicos pediátricos a los cuales se les midió la TFG mediante Cr51-EDTA fueron incluidos. Las TFG fueron también estimadas con la fórmula de Schwartz. Para calcular la dosis de carboplatino se empleó la fórmula de Mann/Pein. Se seleccionó un objetivo de Área Bajo la Curva (AUC) de 5 mg/ml/min. Las dosis de carboplatino fueron calculadas empleando los dos valores de TFG obtenidos previamente.Resultados: Se identificaron un total de 33 pacientes con una mediana de edad de 10 años (rango 1-17 años), el 63,6% eran hombres. La mediana de dosis de carboplatino calculadas con la TFG medida con Cr51-EDTA y la estimada con la fórmula de Schwartz fueron respectivamente 274,3±135,7 mg y 364,9 ±156,6 mg. La diferencia media entre métodos fue de 90,6 mg (p<0,001). Conclusión: Las dosis de carboplatino calculadas con la TFG estimada por la fórmula de Schwartz fueron significativamente superiores a las obtenidas con la TFG medida con Cr51-EDTA. Esta variabilidad puede ser un factor de riesgo pudiendo provocar una dosificación inadecuada en pacientes tratados con carboplatino. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Carboplatin , Area Under Curve , Medical Oncology , Patients
3.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 72(1): e9-e10, ene. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-128757

ABSTRACT

La calcinosis cutánea es una enfermedad producida por acumulación y depósito de sales de calcio en los tejidos, que puede dar lugar a importantes lesiones, y cuyo abordaje terapéutico no está claramente establecido: se restringe al tratamiento sintomático o tiosulfato sódico intravenoso en los casos más graves, pero su administración conlleva unos riesgos y se hace especialmente difícil en pacientes pediátricos. Presentamos el caso de un niño de 6 años de edad, diagnosticado de calcinosis cutánea grave secundaria a un tratamiento con gluconato cálcico intravenoso, al que se prescribió una fórmula magistral de tiosulfato sódico tópico al 10%. En el servicio de farmacia del hospital donde se desarrolló el estudio, se llevó a cabo la formulación del tratamiento en forma de emulsión acuosa/oleosa. El paciente experimentó una rápida y progresiva curación con la fórmula magistral prescrita (AU)


Calcinosis cutis is a disease caused by accumulation and deposition of calcium salts in the tissue, which can result in serious injuries, whose therapeutic approach is not clearly established: it is restricted to symptomatic treatment or intravenous sodium thiosulfate in the most severe cases, but its administration carries some risks and is particularly difficult in pediatric patients. We report the case of a 6 year old children diagnosed of severe skin calcinosis secondary to treatment with intravenous calcium gluconate, for who it was prescribed a topical formulation of sodium thiosulfate 10%. In the pharmacy department of the hospital where the study was conducted, the topical formulation was prepared as aqueous/oil emulsion. The patient experienced a successfully, rapid and progressive recovery with the treatment prescribed (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Calcinosis/complications , Calcinosis/diagnosis , Calcinosis/metabolism , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methods , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/trends , Calcinosis/classification , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/classification , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/standards
4.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 79(6): 360-366, dic. 2013. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-117010

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los «medicamentos de alto riesgo» son aquellos con un «riesgo» muy elevado de causar daños graves o incluso mortales cuando se produce un error en el curso de su utilización. El Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) elaboró una relación aplicable a la población general, sin diferenciar población pediátrica y adulta, por lo que existe carencia de información para la población pediátrica. El objetivo de este trabajo es elaborar una lista de medicamentos de alto riesgo adaptada a la población pediátrica y neonatal que sirva de referencia para el personal sanitario de un hospital pediátrico. Material y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en mayo del 2012 en las principales bases de datos biomédicas, para identificar posibles listas o referencias publicadas en relación con medicamentos de alto riesgo en población pediátrica y neonatal. Resultados: Se encontraron 15 trabajos, seleccionándose 9 para el objetivo principal del estudio. Se elaboró una lista guía tomando como base la del ISMP, añadiendo fármacos con alta percepción de riesgo para la población pediátrica y eliminando aquellos cuyo uso en pediatría era anecdótico. Conclusiones: No se encontró una lista publicada que se adaptase totalmente a nuestro objetivo. La lista de medicamentos de alto riesgo en población pediátrica y neonatal elaborada puede ser modelo de referencia para hospitales pediátricos. Su conocimiento y utilización, así como actividades derivadas de la misma enmarcadas dentro de la política de seguridad, ayudará a evitar errores de medicación en cada proceso de la cadena terapéutica (prescripción, transcripción, dispensación y administración) (AU)


Introduction: «High-risk drugs» are those that have a very high «risk» of causing death or serious injury if an error occurs during its use. The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) has prepared a high-risk drugs list applicable to the general population (with no differences between the pediatric and adult population). Thus, there is a lack of information for the pediatric population. The main objective of this work is to develop a high-risk drug list adapted to the neonatal or pediatric population as a reference model for the pediatric hospital health workforce. Material and methods: We made a literature search in May 2012 to identify any published lists or references in relation to pediatric and/or neonatal high-risk drugs. Results: A total of 15 studies were found, from which 9 were selected. A model list was developed mainly based on the ISMP one, adding strongly perceived pediatric risk drugs and removing those where the pediatric use was anecdotal. Conclusions: There is no published list that suits pediatric risk management. The list of pediatric and neonatal high-risk drugs presented here could be a «reference list of high-risk drugs » for pediatric hospitals. Using this list and training will help to prevent medication errors in each drug supply chain (prescribing, transcribing, dispensing and administration) (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Medication Errors/prevention & control , Pharmaceutical Preparations/analysis , Risk Factors , Drug Dosage Calculations
5.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 79(6): 360-6, 2013 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23746740

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: «High-risk drugs¼ are those that have a very high «risk¼ of causing death or serious injury if an error occurs during its use. The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) has prepared a high-risk drugs list applicable to the general population (with no differences between the pediatric and adult population). Thus, there is a lack of information for the pediatric population. The main objective of this work is to develop a high-risk drug list adapted to the neonatal or pediatric population as a reference model for the pediatric hospital health workforce. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We made a literature search in May 2012 to identify any published lists or references in relation to pediatric and/or neonatal high-risk drugs. RESULTS: A total of 15 studies were found, from which 9 were selected. A model list was developed mainly based on the ISMP one, adding strongly perceived pediatric risk drugs and removing those where the pediatric use was anecdotal. CONCLUSIONS: There is no published list that suits pediatric risk management. The list of pediatric and neonatal high-risk drugs presented here could be a «reference list of high-risk drugs ¼ for pediatric hospitals. Using this list and training will help to prevent medication errors in each drug supply chain (prescribing, transcribing, dispensing and administration).


Subject(s)
Formularies as Topic , Prescription Drugs/adverse effects , Child , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Medication Errors/prevention & control , Risk Factors
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