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1.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 78(1/2): e25-e32, ene.-feb. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-202309

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El traumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) es un motivo de consulta muy frecuente en Urgencias Pediátricas, siendo una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad. En el año 2014 se instauró un protocolo de actuación, con el objetivo de reducir las exploraciones radiológicas sin afectar a la calidad de la atención. Los objetivos del estudio son: describir las características clínico-radiológicas de los pacientes con TCE atendidos tras introducir el nuevo protocolo, evaluar los cambios en el manejo que ha supuesto y valorar el cumplimiento del mismo. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo-descriptivo-observacional realizado en un Servicio de Urgencias Pediátricas donde se incluyeron pacientes desde el nacimiento hasta los 14 años atendidos por TCE leve (Escala de Glasgow ≥14) durante un periodo de 2 años: octubre 2014-octubre 2016, dividiéndose los pacientes en dos grupos de edad. Se compararon los resultados con una muestra histórica de pacientes atendidos según las indicaciones del protocolo anterior, con el fin de comprobar el impacto del nuevo protocolo. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 1.438 pacientes: 490 menores de 2 años (34,1%) y 948 mayores de 2 años (65,9%). Se realizaron 85 radiografías craneales: 8% de los TCE menores de 2 años y 4,85% de los TCE mayores de 2 años, siendo indicadas según protocolo un 29%. Se realizaron 60 TAC: 1,84% de los TCE menores de 2 años y un 5,38% de los TCE mayores de 2 años; indicados la mayoría según el protocolo. Comparando con el periodo previo a la instauración de protocolo, el número de radiografías ha disminuido significativamente. CONCLUSIONES: Con el nuevo protocolo frente al TCE leve se ha logrado disminuir el número de radiografías. En aquellos con riesgo moderado de lesión intracraneal, la actitud debería ser mantener una observación clínica, y en caso de empeoramiento valorar la realización de una TAC como prueba de imagen


INTRODUCTION: Paediatric head trauma is one of the most common visits in a paediatric emergency department and one of the leading causes of death and disability in children. In the year 2014, a protocol was established in order to reduce radiological examinations without compromising quality care. The purpose of the study is to describe the clinical-radiological characteristics of the patients with head trauma treated after the introduction of the new protocol, to evaluate the changes in the management that it has implied and to evaluate the fulfillment of the new protocol. METHODS: A prospective descriptive observational study of all paediatric mild head traumas (Glasgow Coma Score ≥14) attending a paediatric emergency department during a period of 2 years: October 2014-October 2016. All patients were younger that the age of 14 years at the time of injury and were divided into two age groups (minor and older than 2 years of age). In order to see the impact of the new protocol, the results were compared with a historic group of patients who were treated according to the old protocol. RESULTS: 1,438 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria: 490 under 2 years old (34.1%) and 948 older than 2 years old (65.9%). 85 skull radiographs were performed: 8% under 2 years and 4.85% over 2 years; 29% recommended according to the protocol established. 60 CT scans were performed: 1.84% under 2 years and 5.38% over 2 years; most of them recommended according to the protocol. Comparing with the period prior to the introduction of the protocol, the number of radiographies has decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Since the establishment of the new protocol against mild head traumas, the number of radiographies has been reduced. In those with moderate risk of brain injury a clinical observation should be performed and in case of worsening, an imaging test could be recommended, being CT scan the most recommended


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Craniocerebral Trauma/diagnosis , Clinical Protocols , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed , Radiography , Prospective Studies
2.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 77(2): 98-102, ago. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-102750

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El trastorno por atracón se caracteriza por presencia de episodios de sobreingesta recurrentes en un periodo corto, acompañados de pérdida de control. Este trastorno es el más frecuente de entre todos los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en población obesa, tanto en adultos como en niños. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener datos prevalencia del trastorno por atracón en una muestra de niños y adolescentes obesos, usuarios de una unidad de pediatría especializada en el tratamiento de la obesidad infantil. Material y métodos: Se contó con una muestra 70 niños y adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre los 9 y los 16 años, con una edad media de 12 años, que acudían a una unidad de pediatría en el Hospital General de Valencia. Para llevar a cabo la evaluación se utilizaron los siguientes instrumentos: entrevista diagnóstica para trastorno por atracón (SCID-IV), la escala de trastorno por atracón infantil (C-BED) y el cuestionario de patrones de ingesta y peso (QEWP). Resultados: Tras la evaluación, el 6% de la muestra clínica fue diagnosticada con trastorno por atracón siguiendo los criterios establecidos por el DSM-IV-TR, y un 14% manifestaban formas subclínicas de dicho diagnóstico. Conclusiones: Los resultados van en la línea de estudios previos que resaltan la necesidad de evaluar este tipo de trastornos en unidades especializadas en el tratamiento de la obesidad(AU)


Introduction: Binge eating disorder is characterised by the presence of recurrent binge eating episodes in a short period of time, accompanied by loss of control. This disorder is the most frequent of all eating disorders in obese people, both adults and children. Objective: The objective of this study was to obtain prevalence data for binge eating disorder in a sample of obese children who attended a paediatric unit specialised in the treatment of childhood obesity. Material and methods: A sample included 70 children and adolescents aged 9 to 16, with a mean age of 12 years attending a paediatric clinic in the General Hospital of Valencia. The following tools were used in the assessment: Diagnostic Interview for Binge Eating Disorder (SCID-IV), Binge Eating Disorder Scale Child (C-BED) and Questionnaire of eating patterns and weight (QEWP). Results: After the assessment, 6% of the clinical sample was diagnosed with binge eating disorder according to criteria established by the DSM-IV-TR, and 14% showed subclinical forms of the disorder. Conclusions: The results are in line with previous studies that highlight the necessity of assessing these disorders in units specialised in the treatment of obesity(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Obesity/epidemiology , /epidemiology , Psychopathology/methods , Psychopathology/trends , Feeding and Eating Disorders/complications , Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Anthropometry/methods , Obesity/psychology , /psychology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 77(2): 98-102, 2012 Aug.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22326512

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Binge eating disorder is characterised by the presence of recurrent binge eating episodes in a short period of time, accompanied by loss of control. This disorder is the most frequent of all eating disorders in obese people, both adults and children. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to obtain prevalence data for binge eating disorder in a sample of obese children who attended a paediatric unit specialised in the treatment of childhood obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A sample included 70 children and adolescents aged 9 to 16, with a mean age of 12 years attending a paediatric clinic in the General Hospital of Valencia. The following tools were used in the assessment: Diagnostic Interview for Binge Eating Disorder (SCID-IV), Binge Eating Disorder Scale Child (C-BED) and Questionnaire of eating patterns and weight (QEWP). RESULTS: After the assessment, 6% of the clinical sample was diagnosed with binge eating disorder according to criteria established by the DSM-IV-TR, and 14% showed subclinical forms of the disorder. CONCLUSIONS: The results are in line with previous studies that highlight the necessity of assessing these disorders in units specialised in the treatment of obesity.


Subject(s)
Binge-Eating Disorder/complications , Binge-Eating Disorder/epidemiology , Obesity/complications , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Prevalence
4.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 64(6): 432-437, nov.-dic. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-60235

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Ante el progresivo aumento del número de niños inmigrantes en las Urgencias de Pediatría, planteamos si estos pacientes presentan características de manejo particulares que requieran cambios en nuestra sección para mejorar su atención. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, en el que se recoge mediante encuesta datos demográficos y clínicos de una muestra de 307 atenciones a inmigrantes (I) o hijos de inmigrantes (HI) durante un período de 6 meses. Se recogen los mismos datos de un grupo control de 127 atenciones de pacientes no inmigrantes (NOI). Resultados: El 47% del grupo de I+HI proceden de países hispanoparlantes. Del resto, el 13%, de los padres presentan severas dificultades con el idioma o no lo hablan. La mayoría son HI (63%), con un tiempo medio de residencia en España de 44 meses. Al comparar ambas poblaciones, el grupo I+HI tiene pero control sanitario (8,8% no tiene tarjeta sanitaria, 11,7% no tiene pediatra asignado y 11,1% no actualizado el calendario vacunal). Previamente consultan a su pediatra el 55% (Nol) vs 34,6% (NI+HI) (p<0,05). En general, el motivo de consulta, los diagnósticos al alta así como el número de ingresos es similar en ambos grupos. Durante el período de estudio se encontraron 3 casos de patología importada (paludismo) en el grupo I+HI. Conclusiones: Encontramos dificultades en el manejo de la población inmigrante, no tanto por la patología que presentan, sino por la barrera del idioma y el escaso control sanitario que sigue hasta un 10% de ellos. Por lo tanto, planteamos desarrollar mecanismos para mejorar la comunicación y facilitar los trámites de integración en los circuitos sanitarios normalizados. En contra de lo esperado, sus hábitos de utilización de las urgencias y la patología que presentan son similares a los de la población local (AU)


Introduction: Due to the progressive increase in the number of immigrant children in the Pediatric Emergency Service, we ask if these patients present specific characteristics in their management that require changes in our department to improve their care. Materials and methods: A descriptive and prospective study, in which, by means of a survey, the demographic and clinical information was collected form a sample of 307 cases of Immigrants (I) or Offspring of Immigrants (OI), over a period of 6 months. The same information was collected from a control group of 127 cases of Non-Immigrant patients (NI). Results: 47,8% of the I+OI group come form Spanish speaking countries. In 13% of the remaining, the parents have severe difficulty with the language or speak none at all. The majority are OI (63%), with an average time of residence in Spain of 44 months. When we compare both populations, the I+OI group have the worse health control (8,8% have no Sanitary Card, 11,7% have no assigned pediatrician and 11,1% do not have their vaccine record updated). 55% of the NI group consult their pediatrician in advance vs. 34,6% of the I+HI (p<0,05). In general, the reason for the consult, the final diagnosis as well as the number admitted is similar in both groups. During the period of the study 3 cases of imported pathology (malaria) were found in the I+OI group. Conclusions: We encountered difficulties in the management of the immigrant population, no so much because of the pathologies they presented, but because of the language barrier and the scarce sanitary control that continued in up to 10% of them. Therefore we propose to develop mechanisms to improve communication and facilitate the processes of integration in the ordinary sanitary circuits. Contrary to what was expected, the use of emergency service and the pathologies that they present are similar to the local population (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Medical Services/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Hospital Statistics , Prospective Studies , 24419
5.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 63(6): 555-7, 2005 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16324623

ABSTRACT

Yersinia enterocolitica infection presents a wide clinical spectrum; in infants and young children it usually presents as uncomplicated acute diarrhea, while in older children and adolescents it more frequently presents as terminal ileitis and/or mesenteric adenitis. We describe two infants who developed terminal ileitis complicating Y. enterocolitica infection, which is exceptionally rare. The clinical, laboratory and radiologic findings are described and ultrasound study is emphasized as a simple and reliable tool for investigation of terminal ileitis.


Subject(s)
Crohn Disease/microbiology , Yersinia Infections/diagnosis , Yersinia enterocolitica , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Humans , Infant , Male
6.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 63(6): 555-557, dic. 2005. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-043147

ABSTRACT

Dentro del amplio espectro clínico de la infección por Yersinia enterocolitica, en los lactantes y niños pequeños la manifestación más frecuente es la diarrea aguda que cursa sin complicaciones. En los niños mayores y adolescentes suele presentarse con más frecuencia como una ileítis terminal y/o adenitis mesentérica. Se presentan dos casos de ileítis terminal durante una infección por Y. enterocolitica en lactantes, hecho excepcional en la literatura médica, y se describen los datos clínicos y exámenes complementarios más relevantes, entre los que destaca la ecografía, prueba fiable y sencilla, que nos documenta dicha afectación


Yersinia enterocolitica infection presents a wide clinical spectrum; in infants and young children it usually presents as uncomplicated acute diarrhea, while in older children and adolescents it more frequently presents as terminal ileitis and/or mesenteric adenitis. We describe two infants who developed terminal ileitis complicating Y. enterocolitica infection, which is exceptionally rare. The clinical, laboratory and radiologic findings are described and ultrasound study is emphasized as a simple and reliable tool for investigation of terminal ileitis


Subject(s)
Male , Infant , Humans , Crohn Disease/microbiology , Yersinia Infections/diagnosis , Yersinia enterocolitica , Crohn Disease/diagnosis
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