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1.
Neuromuscul Disord ; 26(11): 789-795, 2016 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27634344

ABSTRACT

Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders. Mutations in CHRNE are one of the most common cause of them and the ɛ1267delG frameshifting mutation is described to be present on at least one allele of 60% of patients with CHRNE mutations. We present a comprehensive description of the heterogeneous clinical features of the CMS caused by the homozygous 1267delG mutation in the AChR Ɛ subunit in nine members of two large Gipsy kindreds. Our observations indicate that founder Roma mutation 1267delG leads to a phenotype further characterized by ophthalmoplegia, bilateral ptosis, and good response to pyridostigmine and 3,4-DAP; but also by facial weakness, bulbar symptoms, neck muscle weakness, and proximal limb weakness that sometimes entails the loss of ambulation. Interestingly, we found in our series a remarkable proportion of patients with a progressive or fluctuating course of the disease. This finding is in some contrast with previous idea that considered this form of CMS as benign, non progressive, and with a low impact on the capacity of ambulation.


Subject(s)
Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital/genetics , Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital/physiopathology , Receptors, Nicotinic/genetics , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Family , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mutation , Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital/pathology , Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital/therapy , Phenotype , Roma , Spain , Young Adult
2.
Endocrinol. nutr. (Ed. impr.) ; 59(5): 296-303, mayo 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-105162

ABSTRACT

Objective To describe the percentile distribution of waist circumference (WC) by sex and age in a representative sample of children and adolescents of lower-middle and low socioeconomic status in Santiago, Chile. Methods A cross-section of 3022 primary-school students between the ages of 6 and 14 from middle-low and low-class schools of Santiago. Ten schools from the Primary Education Society (SIP) in Santiago, Chile, were selected at random. WC was measured under standardized procedures as instructed by the WHO (midpoint between lower costal margin and iliac crest). The population was categorized between percentiles 10 and 90 and divided by sex and age. Results WC tends to increase with age in both males and females, but no significant differences were found in the percentiles by age for boys and girls at any age range (p>0.05). In our sample, comparing Chilean children with other populations (British, Australian, European-American, African-American, Mexican - American and Colombian), Chilean children have shown a significantly greater WC (p<0.05).Conclusions We present new WC reference values for Chilean children according to sex and age from a representative sample of Chilean population. These can be considered as a new anthropometric assessment tool for estimating cardiometabolic risk in Chilean children (AU)


Objetivo Describir la distribución percentilar de circunferencia de cintura (CC) según sexo y edad en una muestra representativa de niños y adolescentes de estrato socioeconómico medio-bajo y bajo de Santiago de Chile. Métodos Estudio corte transversal de 3,022 estudiantes de educación básica, entre 6-14 años, de colegios de clase media-baja y baja de Santiago. Se seleccionaron 10 colegios pertenecientes a la Sociedad de Instrucción Primaria (SIP) de Santiago de Chile, en forma aleatoria. La CC se midió bajo procedimiento estandarizado según instructivo OMS (punto medio entre reborde costal inferior y cresta iliaca). La población fue categorizada entre los percentiles 10 al 90 y distribuidas según sexo y edad. Resultados La CC tiende a aumentar con la edad en ambos sexos, sin diferencias significativas en los percentiles por edades de hombres y mujeres en ningún rango etáreo (p>0,05). Al comparar niños chilenos de esta muestra con otras poblaciones (Británicos, Australianos, Europeo-Americanos, Afro-Americanos, Mexicano-Americanos y Colombianos), se observa una CC significativamente mayor en nuestra muestra (p<0,05).Conclusiones Se presentan nuevos valores de referencia de CC para niños chilenos de acuerdo a sexo y edad, a partir de una muestra representativa de la población chilena. Éstos podrán ser utilizados como nueva herramienta de evaluación antropométrica y de riesgo cardiometabólico en niños chilenos (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Waist-Hip Ratio/statistics & numerical data , Abdominal Circumference , Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology , Age and Sex Distribution , Body Weights and Measures
3.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 43(7): 393-397, 1 oct., 2006. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049629

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El levetiracetam (LEV) es el último fármacoaprobado en la Unión Europea para su utilización en politerapiaen niños mayores de 4 años con crisis epilépticas parciales rebeldesa otros antiepilépticos. Objetivo. Referir nuestra experienciaal asociar LEV en niños con crisis epilépticas farmacorresistentes.Pacientes y métodos. Estudio abierto, observacional, retrospectivo,de 133 niños con epilepsias refractarias, 106 con crisis focalesy 27 con otros tipos de crisis, asociando LEV durante más de6 meses, valorando su repercusión en la frecuencia de crisis y losefectos secundarios relacionados con el fármaco. Resultados. Condosis medias de LEV de 1.192 ±749 mg/día se ha reducido más deun 50% la frecuencia de las crisis en el 58,6% de los casos y se hansuprimido las crisis en el 15,8% de los pacientes. Se han producidoefectos adversos en el 27,8% de los casos, habitualmente transitorioso tolerables; estos efectos motivaron la supresión del LEVsólo en ocho casos (6,02%). En 37 niños (27,8%) los familiaresapreciaron una mejoría de la conducta social y de las habilidadescognitivas. Conclusiones. a) El LEV es un fármaco eficaz y bien toleradoen niños con epilepsias refractarias; b) Su eficacia en diversostipos de crisis denota un espectro terapéutico amplio; y c) ElLEV puede incluso condicionar efectos secundarios favorables,circunstancia referida excepcionalmente en otros antiepilépticos


Introduction. Levetiracetam (LEV) is the latest drug approved in the European Union for use in polytherapy in childrenover 4 years of age with partial epileptic seizures that are resistant to other antiepileptic drugs. Aim. To report our experience ofassociating LEV in children with medication resistant epileptic seizures. Patients and methods. We conducted an open,observational, respective study involving 133 children with refractory epilepsies: 106 with focal seizures and 27 with other typesof seizures. LEV was associated over a period of more than 6 months and we evaluated its repercussion on the frequency of theseizures and the side effects related to the drug. Results. With average doses of LEV of 1,192 ± 749 mg/day the frequency ofthe seizures was reduced by over 50% in 58.6% of cases and seizures were quelled in 15.8% of patients. Side effects were producedin 27.8% of cases, and were usually transient or tolerable; these effects led to withdrawal of LEV in only eight cases (6.02%). In37 children (27.8%), their relatives noted an improvement in their social behaviour and cognitive abilities. Conclusions. a) LEVis an effective drug that is well tolerated in children with refractory epilepsy; b) Its effectiveness in different types of seizuresindicates a broad therapeutic spectrum; and c) LEV can even condition favourable secondary effects, a circumstance that hasbeen reported only exceptionally in the case of other antiepileptic drugs


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Piracetam/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Piracetam/analogs & derivatives , Treatment Outcome
4.
Rev Neurol ; 43(7): 393-7, 2006.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17006857

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Levetiracetam (LEV) is the latest drug approved in the European Union for use in polytherapy in children over 4 years of age with partial epileptic seizures that are resistant to other antiepileptic drugs. AIM. To report our experience of associating LEV in children with medication resistant epileptic seizures. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted an open, observational, respective study involving 133 children with refractory epilepsies: 106 with focal seizures and 27 with other types of seizures. LEV was associated over a period of more than 6 months and we evaluated its repercussion on the frequency of the seizures and the side effects related to the drug. RESULTS: With average doses of LEV of 1,192 +/- 749 mg/day the frequency of the seizures was reduced by over 50% in 58.6% of cases and seizures were quelled in 15.8% of patients. Side effects were produced in 27.8% of cases, and were usually transient or tolerable; these effects led to withdrawal of LEV in only eight cases (6.02%). In 37 children (27.8%), their relatives noted an improvement in their social behaviour and cognitive abilities. CONCLUSIONS: a) LEV is an effective drug that is well tolerated in children with refractory epilepsy; b) Its effectiveness in different types of seizures indicates a broad therapeutic spectrum; and c) LEV can even condition favourable secondary effects, a circumstance that has been reported only exceptionally in the case of other antiepileptic drugs.


Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Piracetam/analogs & derivatives , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Drug Resistance , Female , Humans , Levetiracetam , Male , Piracetam/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies
5.
Parasitology ; 132(Pt 4): 511-23, 2006 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16332290

ABSTRACT

Tubulin is the predominant phosphoprotein in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes and is phosphorylated by a protein kinase CK2. Interestingly, the presence or absence of divalent cations affected the solubilization of a pool of the parasite tubulin and the CK2 responsible for its phosphorylation. This fraction of tubulin and its kinase co-eluted using phosphocellulose, DEAE-Sepharose and Sephacryl S-300 chromatographies. Anti-alpha tubulin antibodies co-immunoprecipitated both tubulin and the CK2 responsible for its phosphorylation, and anti-CK2 alpha-subunit antibodies immunoprecipitated radioactively labelled alpha and beta tubulin from phosphorylated epimastigote homogenates. Additionally, native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified and radioactively labelled fraction containing tubulin and its kinase demonstrated the phosphorylation of a unique band that reacted with both anti-CK2 alpha-subunit and anti-tubulin antibodies. Together, these results establish a strong interaction between a pool of the heterodimeric alpha/beta tubulin and a CK2 in this parasite. Hydrodynamic measurements indicated that the T. cruzi tubulin-CK2 complex is globular with an estimated size of 145.4-147.5 kDa.


Subject(s)
Casein Kinase II/metabolism , Trypanosoma cruzi/metabolism , Tubulin/metabolism , Animals , Antibodies, Protozoan/immunology , Blotting, Western/methods , Casein Kinases/metabolism , Cations, Divalent/metabolism , Cations, Divalent/pharmacology , Cells, Cultured , Chromatography/methods , Immunoprecipitation/methods , Phosphorylation , Protein Binding/physiology , Rabbits , Tubulin/drug effects , Tubulin/immunology
6.
Selección (Madr.) ; 15(3): 154-157, 2006. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-151803

ABSTRACT

Una de las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes en los accidentes de tráfico tras una colisión es el esguince cervical. Se manifiesta a menudo, con unos síntomas inespecíficos de malestar cervical, contractura antiálgica muscular e incluso síntomas vegetativos (AU)


One of the most frequent clinical manifestations after a road traffic collision is cervical swerve. It is often manifested with some not very precise symptoms such as cervical uneasiness or antalgic muscle contracture (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Whiplash Injuries/diagnosis , Whiplash Injuries/metabolism , Accidents, Traffic/classification , Accidents, Traffic/psychology , Spine/abnormalities , Spine/metabolism , Hypertension/blood , Hypertension/metabolism , Sports Medicine/education , Whiplash Injuries/complications , Whiplash Injuries/pathology , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Accidents, Traffic/trends , Spine/pathology , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/diagnosis , Sports Medicine/classification
7.
Rev Neurol ; 37(11): 1005-8, 2003.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14669138

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Levetiracetam (LEV) is the latest antiepileptic drug (AED) to be marketed, and is indicated for use in association in adults with focal seizures. AIMS: The purpose of this study is to report on our experience of administering LEV to children and adolescents with pharmacoresistant epilepsies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective open trial involving the observation of 43 children and adolescents with refractory epilepsies, using associated LEV for more than 6 months on an individual basis, the aim of which was to evaluate the repercussions on the frequency of the seizures, together with the adverse and beneficial side effects of LEV administration. RESULTS: With mean doses of LEV of 45.01 +/- 33.02 mg/kg/day the frequency of seizures was reduced by >50% in 65% of patients, while seizures were completely eradicated in 14% of patients; adverse side effects were reported in 28% of patients, although these were usually transient or tolerable, as LEV administration only had to be stopped for this reason in two cases (4.65%). Relatives noted an improvement in social behaviour and in cognitive skills in the case of 15 children (34.9%). CONCLUSIONS: 1. LEV is an effective drug that is well tolerated in children and adolescents with refractory epilepsies; 2. Its effectiveness in different types of seizures suggests a broad therapeutic spectrum; 3. LEV is a well tolerated drug with favourable side effects, a fact that is rarely reported with regard to other AED.


Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Piracetam/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Anticonvulsants/adverse effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Levetiracetam , Male , Piracetam/adverse effects , Piracetam/analogs & derivatives , Retrospective Studies
8.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 37(11): 1005-1008, 1 dic., 2003. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-128647

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El levetiracetam (LEV) es el último fármaco antiepiléptico (FAE) comercializado, con la indicación para su empleo, en asociación, en adultos con crisis focales. Objetivo. Referir nuestra experiencia al administrar LEV a niños y adolescentes con epilepsias farmacorresistentes. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio abierto, de observación, retrospectivo, de 43 niños y adolescentes con epilepsias refractarias, con LEV asociado durante más de seis meses de manera individualizada, y con la valoración de la repercusión en la frecuencia de las crisis y los efectos secundarios adversos y favorables relacionados con LEV. Resultados. Con dosis medias de LEV de 45,01 ± 33,02 mg/kg/día se ha reducido en más de un 50% la frecuencia de crisis en un 65% de los pacientes, y se han suprimido las crisis en el 14% . Se han referido efectos adversos en un 28% de pacientes, habitualmente transitorios o tolerables, porque sólo tuvo que suprimirse el LEV en dos casos por este motivo (4,65%). En 15 niños (34,9%) los familiares apreciaron mejoría de la conducta social y de las habilidades cognitivas. Conclusiones. a) El LEV es un fármaco eficaz y bien tolerado en niños y adolescentes con epilepsias refractarias; b) su eficacia en diversos tipos de crisis sugiere un espectro terapéutico amplio, y c) el LEV es un fármaco muy bien tolerado, y con efectos secundarios favorables, circunstancia raramente referida con otros FAE (AU)


Introduction. Levetiracetam (LEV) is the latest antiepileptic drug (AED) to be marketed, and is indicated for use in association in adults with focal seizures. Aims. The purpose of this study is to report on our experience of administering LEV to children and adolescents with pharmacoresistant epilepsies. Patients and methods. Retrospective open trial involving the observation of 43 children and adolescents with refractory epilepsies, using associated LEV for more than 6 months on an individual basis, the aim of which was to evaluate the repercussions on the frequency of the seizures, together with the adverse and beneficial side effects of LEV administration. Results. With mean doses of LEV of 45.01 ± 33.02 mg/kg/day the frequency of seizures was reduced by > 50% in 65% of patients, while seizures were completely eradicated in 14% of patients; adverse side effects were reported in 28% of patients, although these were usually transient or tolerable, as LEV administration only had to be stopped for this reason in two cases (4.65%). Relatives noted an improvement in social behaviour and in cognitive skills in the case of 15 children (34.9%). Conclusions. 1. LEV is an effective drug that is well tolerated in children and adolescents with refractory epilepsies; 2. Its effectiveness in different types of seizures suggests a broad therapeutic spectrum; 3. LEV is a well tolerated drug with favourable side effects, a fact that is rarely reported with regard to other AED (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Epilepsy/complications , Epilepsy/therapy , Treatment Outcome , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Drug Resistance , Drug Tolerance
9.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 58(5): 411-7, 2003 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12724072

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate exposure to the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease in children from Medellín according to age, sex, type of school, and socioeconomic status. METHOD: We performed a descriptive study in 2611 children aged 6-18 years old from the city of Medellín in Colombia. Lipid profile, blood pressure, body mass index, diet, exercise, alcohol intake, and smoking were evaluated. RESULTS: Forty-six percent of the children drank alcohol, 8.7 % smoked and 50 % were physically inactive. Fat and carbohydrate intake was high in 48 % and 47 %, respectively. A total of 9.3 % of the children were overweight and 4.6 % were obese. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were high in 1.3 % and 3.9 %, respectively. Mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) values were lower than in other populations, while triglyceride values were higher. Differences in serum lipid concentrations were found according to age and sex. The prevalence of risk factors according to the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria were: 19.1 % for HDL-C, 17.1 % for triglycerides, 17.0 % for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), 13.5 % for total cholesterol (TC) and 22.9 % for TC/HDL-C. CONCLUSIONS: In children from the city of Medellín, the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors were related to lifestyle. Mean plasma lipid concentrations varied according to age and sex. The prevalence of overweight was higher than in other populations in Colombia but was lower than that reported for other countries.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases , Lipoproteins/blood , Adolescent , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Body Mass Index , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Catchment Area, Health , Child , Colombia/epidemiology , Dietary Fats , Energy Intake , Female , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Smoking/adverse effects , Socioeconomic Factors
10.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 58(5): 411-417, mayo 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-21055

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la exposición a los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular en los niños de Medellín, según edad, sexo, tipo de colegio y estrato socioeconómico. Método: Estudio descriptivo, en 2.611 niños de 6 a 18 años de Medellín (Colombia). Se evaluaron perfil lipídico, presión arterial, índice de masa corporal, consumo de alimentos, actividad física, consumo de bebidas alcohólicas y tabaco. Resultados La prevalencia del consumo de alcohol fue de 46 por ciento, la de tabaco 8,7 por ciento y la de sedentarismo del 50 por ciento. El 48 por ciento de los niños tenían dietas con alto contenido de grasas y el 47 por ciento con exceso de hidratos de carbono. El 9,3 por ciento de los niños presentaron sobrepeso, y el 4,6 por ciento, obesidad. Presentaron presión arterial sistólica (PAS) elevada el 1,3 por ciento de los niños, y la diastólica (PAD), 3,9 por ciento. Los promedios de colesterol de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad (c-HDL) fueron más bajos que en otras poblaciones y los triglicéridos más altos, los lípidos séricos mostraron diferencias según edad y sexo. Las prevalencias de riesgo según los puntos de corte de la National Cholesterol Education Program, fueron para: c-HDL, 19,1 por ciento; triglicéridos, 17,1 por ciento; colesterol de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (c-LDL), 17,0 por ciento; colesterol total (CT), 13,5 por ciento, y CT/c-HDL, 22,9 por ciento. Conclusiones; En los niños de Medellín la mayor prevalencia de riesgo cardiovascular fue para los factores relacionados con el estilo de vida. Los promedios de las concentraciones de los lípidos plasmáticos presentaron diferencias según edad y sexo. La prevalencia de exceso de peso fue mayor que en otros niños colombianos e inferior a la comunicada por otros países (AU)


Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Male , Female , Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases , Tobacco Use Disorder , Socioeconomic Factors , Risk Factors , Prevalence , Colombia , Energy Intake , Dietary Fats , Alcohol Drinking , Lipoproteins , Body Mass Index , Catchment Area, Health
11.
Bol. pediatr ; 43(185): 284-289, 2003. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-044568

ABSTRACT

Las piretrinas naturales y los piretroides sintéticos soninsecticidas que se encuentran en varios productos comerciales, destinados a la erradicación de insectos en establecimientos públicos y en hogares. Aunque se consideran poco tóxicos, la exposición a estos productos puede causar en humanos trastornos cutáneos, respiratorios, gastrointestinales y, excepcionalmente, neurológicos. La información relativa a los efectos de estas sustancias en niños es muy escasa. Se describeel caso de un niño de cinco meses con convulsiones,en el que la exposición a un insecticida y los estudios complementarios han permitido establecer el diagnóstico de intoxicación por piretrinas como causa más probable del cuadro clínico. Su interés radica en destacar la presentación clínica poco habitual y la baja frecuencia con que se diagnostica este tipo de intoxicaciones. Se refieren también las formas clínicas de intoxicación por piretrinas y piretroides y su tratamiento, subrayando la dificultad del diagnóstico


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Infant , Humans , Pyrethrins/toxicity , Spasms, Infantile/complications , Spasms, Infantile/diagnosis , Insecticides/toxicity , Piperonyl Butoxide/adverse effects , Piperonyl Butoxide/toxicity , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis , Seizures/complications , Seizures/diagnosis , Pyrethrins/administration & dosage , Pyrethrins/adverse effects , Pyrethrins , Pyrethrins/therapeutic use , Piperonyl Butoxide , Piperonyl Butoxide/therapeutic use
12.
Rev Neurol ; 35(4): 349-53, 2002.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12235567

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: In approximately 5% of epilepsy patients, seizures are triggered off by a specific sensory stimulus, in other words, they have reflex epilepsies. Among these, seizures triggered off by hot water are exceptional, and especially so in our community as nearly all the cases have been reported as occurring in India. CASE REPORT: Our case involves a 2 year old girl who, from the first weeks onwards, presented bouts of paleness, hypotonia and loss of consciousness when her head came into contact with hot water. The findings from clinical, neurophysiological and neuroimaging studies are described and there was a good response to treatment with valproate. DISCUSSION: The induction of epileptic seizures by immersion in hot water has only rarely been reported in western countries. Its physiopathology remains unknown but genetic factors that determine an alteration in cranial thermoregulation seem to be involved. With similar clinical and electroencephalographic characteristics in patients, the prognosis is usually favourable because of a good response to pharmacological treatment and the tendency toward spontaneous remission of the seizures.


Subject(s)
Epilepsy, Reflex/etiology , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Immersion/adverse effects , Water , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Body Temperature Regulation , Child, Preschool , Electroencephalography , Epilepsy, Reflex/drug therapy , Epilepsy, Reflex/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Valproic Acid/therapeutic use
13.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 35(4): 349-353, 16 ago., 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-22117

ABSTRACT

Introducción. En aproximadamente el 5 por ciento de los pacientes con epilepsia, las crisis están desencadenadas por un estímulo sensorial específico, es decir, tienen epilepsias reflejas. Entre ellas, las crisis desencadenadas por agua caliente son excepcionales, en especial en nuestro medio, puesto que casi todos los casos han sido identificados en la India. Caso clínico. Se refiere el caso de una niña de 2 años que, desde las primeras semanas de vida, presenta crisis de palidez, hipotonía y pérdida de conciencia cuando recibe agua caliente sobre su cabeza. Se describen los hallazgos clínicos, neurofisiológicos y neuroimagen, así como una buena respuesta al tratamiento con valproato. Discusión. La inducción de crisis epilépticas por inmersión en agua caliente se ha descrito raramente en países occidentales. Su fisiopatología se desconoce, pero parecen estar implicados factores genéticos que determinan una alteración en la termorregulación craneal. Con características clínicas y electroencefalográficas similares en la mayoría de los pacientes, el pronóstico suele ser favorable, por haber una buena respuesta al tratamiento farmacológico y la tendencia a la remisión espontánea de las crisis (AU)


No disponible


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Water , Epilepsy, Reflex , Body Temperature Regulation , Anticonvulsants , Immersion , Electroencephalography , Hot Temperature , Valproic Acid
14.
Bol. pediatr ; 42(181): 249-252, 2002. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-15831

ABSTRACT

Se describen los casos clínicos de dos lactantes con mioclonías benignas, prácticamente idénticas a los espasmos infantiles del síndrome de West, pero con normalidad del EEG y del desarrollo psicomotor. El reconocimiento de este síndrome es importante para no realizar estudios complementarios inútiles, para no expresar un pronóstico infausto y para no administrar fármacos potencialmente tóxicos (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Infant , Male , Humans , Myoclonus/diagnosis , Spasms, Infantile/diagnosis , Prognosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Follow-Up Studies
15.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 33(10): 948-951, 16 nov., 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-27272

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La mayoría de las malformaciones congénitas de causa identificada se corresponden con causas genéticas, multifactoriales o secundarias a algún teratógeno. Muchas malformaciones congénitas tienen un origen desconocido, pero la asociación de diferentes malformaciones permite al menos definir el momento prenatal en que la noxa afectó el desarrollo embrionario o fetal. Caso clínico. Presentamos el caso de un recién nacido de una gestación de 40 semanas, con exposición prenatal a radiaciones ionizantes, hallazgos ecográficos prenatales de microcefalia y cariotipo normal. El neonato presenta opacidades corneales, microcefalia y malformación encefálica compleja. Las opacidades corneales, unidas al glaucoma congénito constituyen un síndrome de Peters que condiciona ceguera. El pacientes fue tratado con trabeculectomía y trasplante corneal bilateral. La microcefalia y la holoprosencefalia lobar con agenesia de cuerpo calloso determinaron un escaso desarrollo psicomotor, hipertonía y una epilepsia con registro electroencefalográfico de hemihipsarritmia, tratada sin éxito con valproato y vigabatrina. A los 21 meses el paciente desarrolla un rabdomiosarcoma embrionario de base de lengua, y fallece en el contexto de una infección sistémica tras la quimioterapia. Conclusiones. La asociación de malformaciones descrita no ha sido referida anteriormente en las bases de datos internacionales. Aunque la posible relación causal entre radioexposición prenatal y el cuadro clínico no puede demostrarse, la posibilidad teratogénica y carcinogénica de dicha exposición llevan a insistir en evitar que las mujeres gestantes o que desconocen su estado gestacional estén presentes en las salas de radiodiagnóstico (AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Male , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Prenatal Diagnosis , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Telangiectasis , Holoprosencephaly , Fatal Outcome , Postoperative Complications , Radiotherapy , Rhabdomyosarcoma , Basal Ganglia , Astrocytoma , Atrophy , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Abnormalities, Multiple , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Fetal Diseases , Glaucoma , Tongue Neoplasms , Neoplasm Staging , Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced , Telencephalon , Cerebellar Neoplasms , Functional Laterality
16.
J Urol ; 166(4): 1364-7, 2001 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11547075

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: We describe extracapsular prostatectomy performed by applying lateral capsular transfixing sutures after adenoma enucleation and minimum operative hemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 117 patients with prostatic hypertrophy underwent surgery. After adenomectomy transfixing sutures were placed at the 3 and 9 o'clock positions clockwise around the prostatic capsule (hila). Five variables were used to quantify intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage. RESULTS: Average intraoperative blood loss was 175 cc and average minimal decrease in hematocrit was 3.9%. Most patients had postoperative bleeding through the urethral and suprapubic catheters. CONCLUSIONS: Extracapsular prostatectomy with the application of lateral capsular transfixing sutures causes minimum operative hemorrhage.


Subject(s)
Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control , Hemostatic Techniques , Postoperative Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Prostatectomy/adverse effects , Prostatectomy/methods , Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery , Suture Techniques , Humans , Male , Postoperative Hemorrhage/etiology
17.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 35(2): 121-124, mar. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-520

ABSTRACT

Se han publicado numerosos estudios de lesiones aisladas del manguito de los rotadores o del plexo braquial secundarias a fractura o luxación del hombro. Sin embargo existen pocas referencias de la asociación de luxación de hombro, rotura completa del manguito de los rotadores y lesión del nervio axilar en el mismo paciente. Presentamos dos pacientes remitidos, tras reducción e inmovilización de una luxación anterior de hombro, por una limitación en la movilidad activa de dicha articulación. Ante la sospecha en la exploración inicial de la tríada (luxación de hombro-rotura del manguito de los rotadores-neuropatía axilar) y tras el estudio realizado (Eco, RNM y EMG) comprobamos la coexistencia de una rotura completa en el tendón del supraespinoso y una neuropatía axilar aislada. Se discuten ciertos aspectos de la incidencia de dichas complicaciones así como de la necesidad de una profunda exploración en la valoración inicial de todo paciente con luxación de hombro, ya que de ello va a depender el pronóstico y el tipo-duración del tratamiento rehabilitador (AU)


Subject(s)
Shoulder Dislocation/therapy , Shoulder Dislocation/rehabilitation , Rupture/complications , Rotator Cuff , Brachial Plexus Neuritis/therapy
18.
Rev Neurol ; 33(10): 948-51, 2001.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11785006

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Most congenital malformations of which the cause is known are due to genetic or multifactorial causes or are secondary to a teratogen. Many congenital malformations are of unknown origin. However, the association of different malformations allows us to define the moment in which the noxous agent affected embryonic or foetal development. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a baby born after 40 weeks gestation, who had been exposed to ionising radiation before birth. Prenatal echography showed microcephaly and the karyotype was normal. The newborn baby had corneal opacities, microcephaly and complex encephalic malformations. The corneal opacity together with congenital glaucoma constitute Peters syndrome which leads to blindness, and is treated by trabeculectomy and bilateral corneal transplants. The microcephaly and lobar holoprosencephaly with agenesis of the corpus callosum led to reduced psychomotor development, hypertonia and epilepsy with an electroencephalogram recording of hemihypsarrythmia which was unsuccessfully treated with valproate and vigabatrine. At the age of 21 months the patient developed an embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma of the base of the tongue. He died with systemic infection whilst being treated with chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The association of the malformations described has not previously been reported in the international data bases. Although it was not possible to prove that prenatal exposure to radiation caused the clinical condition described, the possibility of teratogenesis and carcinogenesis following such exposure means that pregnant women or those who may be pregnant should not be in places where radiodiagnosis is carried out.


Subject(s)
Brain/abnormalities , Holoprosencephaly/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/pathology , Prenatal Diagnosis , Rhabdomyosarcoma/etiology , Rhabdomyosarcoma/pathology , Tongue Neoplasms/etiology , Tongue Neoplasms/pathology , Abnormalities, Multiple , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Fatal Outcome , Fetal Diseases/etiology , Functional Laterality/physiology , Glaucoma/surgery , Holoprosencephaly/genetics , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Rhabdomyosarcoma/drug therapy , Tongue Neoplasms/drug therapy
19.
Bol. pediatr ; 41(175): 45-49, 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-578

ABSTRACT

Episodios recidivantes de afectación de la conciencia ocurren en la epilepsia y en algunas metabolopatías, pero también en el contexto de migrañas, como el caso que se refiere, un niño que desde los 3 años padece episodios paroxísticos de estupor de hasta más de 24 horas de duración, con trastornos vegetativos y, ocasionalmente, movimientos desordenados de un hemicuerpo. Sin antecedentes personales, con migraña en madre y abuela. Durante los episodios y en las intercrisis son normales la exploración clínica y neurológica, el fondo de ojo, y los exámenes complementarios: hemograma, coagulación, glucosa, transaminasas, amilasa, aminoácidos, amonio, lactato, iones, equilibrio ácido-base, ácido úrico, urea y creatinina. TAC y RM cerebral normales. EEG con grupos generalizados de ondas lentas y agudas (sharp waves) de hasta 20 minutos de duración. Tratado sin éxito con todos los antiepilépticos, durante una crisis se detecta en orina 65 mmol/mol de creatinina de 5-hidroxiindolacético (normal < 10). Suspendiendo el antiepiléptico y administrando pizotifeno se reduce la frecuencia y la duración de los episodios, que desaparecen tras la toma de flunarizina. A los seis meses de iniciado este último tratamiento se realiza nueva determinación de indolacético en orina con resultado normal (6 mmol/mol de creatinina).En conclusión, aunque existan datos electroclínicos sugestivos de epilepsia, la resistencia al tratamiento específico justifica descartar otros diagnósticos, en ocasiones tan singulares como el de este paciente (AU)


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Male , Humans , Coma/etiology , Migraine without Aura/complications , Pizotyline/therapeutic use , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/therapeutic use , Flunarizine/therapeutic use , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Recurrence , Creatinine/urine , Migraine without Aura/drug therapy
20.
Pediatr Res ; 48(3): 315-22, 2000 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10960496

ABSTRACT

Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) deficiency causes glutaric aciduria type I (GA I), an inborn error of metabolism that is characterized clinically by dystonia and dyskinesia and pathologically by neural degeneration of the caudate and putamen. Studies of metabolite excretion allowed us to categorize 43 GA I Spanish patients into two groups: group 1 (26 patients), those presenting with high excretion of both glutarate and 3-hydroxyglutarate, and group 2 (17 patients), those who might not be detected by routine urine organic acid analysis because glutarate might be normal and 3-hydroxyglutarate only slightly higher than controls. Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) screening and sequence analysis of the 11 exons and the corresponding intron boundaries of the GCDH gene allowed us to identify 13 novel and 10 previously described mutations. The most frequent mutations in group 1 were A293T and R402W with an allele frequency of 30% and 28%, respectively. These two mutations were also found in group 2, but always in heterozygosity, in particular in combination with mutations V400M or R227P. Interestingly, mutations V400M and R227P were only found in group 2, and at least one of these mutations was found in 11 of 15 unrelated alleles, accounting together for 53% of the mutant alleles in group 2. Therefore, it seems clear that two genetically and biochemically distinct groups of patients exist. The severity of the clinical phenotype seems to be closely linked to the development of encephalopathic crises rather than to residual enzyme activity or genotype. Comparison of GCDH protein with other acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (whose x-ray crystal structure has been determined) reveals that most of the mutations identified in GCDH protein seem to affect folding and tetramerization, as has been described for a number of mutations affecting mitochondrial beta-oxidation acyl-CoA dehydrogenases.


Subject(s)
Glutarates/urine , Metabolic Diseases/genetics , Metabolic Diseases/urine , Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors , Oxidoreductases/deficiency , Oxidoreductases/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Alleles , Amino Acid Sequence , Female , Gene Frequency , Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase , Humans , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , Mutation , Sequence Alignment , Spain
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