ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: A favorable attitude toward organ donation and transplantation (ODT) is fundamental among health professionals at the time of transplant promotion. In this sense, the training and awareness of professionals are fundamental. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the differences in the attitude toward ODT and the factors that condition it among Andalusian medical and nursing students. METHODS AND DESIGN: The study is a sociologic, multicenter, observational study. The population includes medical and nursing students in Andalusian universities. Database of the Collaborative International Donor Project is used and data are stratified by geographic area and academic course. The instrument of measurement was a validated questionnaire (PCID-DTO-RIOS) that was handed out to every student in a compulsory session. Completion of the questionnaire was anonymous and self-administered. The sample included Andalusian medical and nursing students (99% confidence and precision of ±1%) stratified by geographic area and year of study. RESULTS: There was a completion rate of 91%; 79% (n = 2879) of Andalusian students were in favor of donation and 21% were not in favor. The attitude toward ODT is more favorable in medical compared with nursing students (80% vs 77%; P = .021). The psychosocial profile toward donation is similar in both groups relating to the following variables (P < .05): knowing a transplant patient, having received information about the subject, attitude toward family donation, and having discussed transplantation with family and friends. CONCLUSION: Andalusian medical students favored organ donation more than Andalusian nursing students, and the favorable attitude is associated with having an awareness of the subject.
Subject(s)
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Organ Transplantation/psychology , Students, Medical/psychology , Students, Nursing/psychology , Tissue and Organ Procurement , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Recent immunological and transgenic advances are a promising alternative using limited materials of human origin for transplantation. However, it is essential to achieve social acceptance of this therapy. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the attitude of nursing students from Spanish universities toward organ xenotransplantation (XTx) and to determine the factors affecting their attitude. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Type of study: A sociological, multicentre, and observational study. STUDY POPULATION: Nursing students enrolled in Spain (n = 28,000). SAMPLE SIZE: A sample of 10 566 students estimating a proportion of 76% (99% confidence and precision of ±1%), stratified by geographical area and year of study. Instrument of measurement: A validated questionnaire (PCID-XenoTx-RIOS) was handed out to every student in a compulsory session. This survey was self-administered and self-completed voluntarily and anonymously by each student in a period of 5-10 min. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: descriptive analysis, Student's t test, the chi-square test, and a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A completion rate: 84% (n = 8913) was obtained. If the results of XTx were as good as in human donation, 74% (n = 6564) would be in favor and 22% (n = 1946) would have doubts. The following variables affected this attitude: age (P < 0.001); sex (P < 0.001); geographical location (P < 0.001); academic year of study (P < 0.001); attitude toward organ donation (P < 0.001); belief in the possibility of needing a transplant (P < 0.001); discussion of transplantation with one's family (P < 0.001) and friends (P < 0.001); and the opinion of one's partner (P < 0.001). The following variables persisted in the multivariate analysis: being a male (OR = 1.436; P < 0.001); geographical location (OR = 1.937; P < 0.001); an attitude in favor of donation (OR = 1.519; P < 0.001); belief in the possibility of needing a transplant (OR = 1.497; P = 0.036); and having spoken about the issue with family (OR = 1.351; P < 0.001) or friends (OR = 1.240; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The attitude of nursing students toward organ XTx is favorable and is associated with factors of general knowledge about organ donation and transplantation and social interaction.
Subject(s)
Attitude , Organ Transplantation , Students, Nursing/statistics & numerical data , Transplantation, Heterologous , Female , Heterografts/immunology , Humans , Living Donors , Male , Organ Transplantation/methods , Students, Medical , Tissue and Organ Procurement/methodsABSTRACT
In light of the challenge to offer future nurses a quality university education, the authors identify and evaluate the diverse activities which nurses carry out during their clinical stays, which cause a major emotional impact; therefore, these require greater attention, more knowledge and psychological resources which will aid them to successfully comply with this important aspect of their careers. With this goal in mind, the authors complied an inventory of specific stress factors for our context which was applied to a sample of 87 students at the school of nursing in Melilla. The results enabled the authors to establish a hierarchal order among the clinical experiences evaluated as having a greater stress load. These are those experiences, in descending order: terminal phase patients and death, tolerating external suffering, and hospital environment followed by oncology patients, psychiatric patients, tolerating aggressiveness, and infectious diseases. In light of the results, the authors offer some suggestions for the design of an operational program which shall mitigate and prevent as is possible the emotional impact of stress caused by clinical experiences.
Subject(s)
Affect , Hospitals, Teaching/organization & administration , Nurses/psychology , Education, Nursing , Hospitals , Humans , Spain , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Students, Nursing/psychologyABSTRACT
Se elabora un inventario de estrés específico para nuestro contexto que fue aplicado a una muestra de 87 estudiantes de la Escuela de Enfermería de Melilla. Los resultados nos permitieron establecer un orden jerárquico entre las experiencias clínicas evaluadas con mayor carga de estrés. Éstas fueron, en orden decreciente: Fase terminal y muerte, Tolerancia al sufrimiento ajeno y Entorno hospitalario seguidas de Pacientes oncológicos, Pacientes psiquiátricos, Tolerancia a la agresividad y Enfermos infecciosos. A la luz de los resultados se ofrecen algunas sugerencias para el diseño de un programa de intervención que contribuya a mitigar y prevenir en lo posible el impacto emocional del estrés derivado de las experiencias clínicas
In light of the challenge to offer future nurses a quality university education, the authors identify and evaluate the diverse activities which nurses carry out during their clinical stays, which cause a major emotional impact; therefore these require greater attention, more knowledges and psychological resources with will aid them to successfully comply with this important aspect of their careers. With this goal in mind, the authors complied an inventory of specific stress factors for our context which was applied to a sample of 87 students at the school of nursing in Melilla. The results enabled the authors to establish a hierarchal order among the clinical experiences evaluated as having a greater stress load . These are those experiences, in descending order: terminal phase patients and death, tolerating external suffering, and hospital environment followed by oncology patients, psychiatric patients, tolerating aggressiveness, and infectious diseases. In light of the results, the authors offer some suggestions for the design of an operational program which shall mitigate and prevent as is possible the emotional impact of stress caused by clinical experiences
