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1.
Rev. cuba. ortop. traumatol ; 34(2): e302, jul.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1156593

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La cobertura de dispositivos ortopédicos expuestos y las infecciones en el hueso con colgajos es un tema controvertido. No existe un consenso claro sobre el tratamiento de esta complicación. En los últimos años se aprecia una tendencia a mantener el material de osteosíntesis y a controlar la infección aportando tejido bien vascularizado en forma de colgajo muscular o fasciocutáneo. Objetivo: Evaluar el éxito reconstructivo con colgajos de defectos de partes blandas en miembros que han precisado de una osteosíntesis, en función de la presencia de infección y el estado de los dispositivos de implante en el momento de la reconstrucción. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de una serie de 15 casos con un defecto de partes blandas en las extremidades inferiores secundario a la implantación de dispositivos ortopédicos en el hueso. Todos los casos recibieron cobertura con un colgajo muscular o fasciocutáneo con o sin retirada de los implantes. Se estudió la presencia o ausencia de infección previa a la reconstrucción (signos clínicos, resultado del cultivo microbiológico y exposición del material ortopédico), la retirada o mantenimiento del implante durante la reconstrucción, y la presencia de complicaciones posoperatorias. Se relacionaron estas variables con el éxito reconstructivo posoperatorio. El análisis de las variables se realizó con los estadísticos chi cuadrado, Wilcoxon y U de Mann Whitney, según el tipo de variable, y para una significación de 0,05. Resultados: La frecuencia de éxito reconstructivo fue mayor en aquellos pacientes con cultivo negativo sin exposición de material óseo (p = 0,038). Se encontró menor tasa de complicaciones en los pacientes que presentaban infección antes de la reconstrucción (p = 0,039), y en aquellos con cultivo positivo y exposición del material previos a la cirugía, cuyos implantes habían sido retirados durante la reconstrucción (p = 0,032). Conclusiones: El aporte de tejido bien vascularizado en forma de colgajo permite el mantenimiento del material ortopédico con una frecuencia de éxito de 66,67 %, y resultados favorables de mediano a largo plazo. La exposición y el resultado del cultivo son indicadores predictivos de los resultados de la cirugía(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: The covering of exposed orthopedic devices and bone infections with flaps are a controversial issue. There is no clear consensus concerning the treatment of this complication. In recent years, there has been a trend to maintain the osteosynthesis material and to control the infection by providing well vascularized tissue in the form of a muscular or fasciocutaneous flap. Objective: To assess the reconstructive success with flaps of soft tissue defects in limbs that have required osteosynthesis, based on the presence of infection and the status of the implant devices at the time of reconstruction. Methods: Retrospective study of a series of 15 cases with soft tissue defect in the lower limbs after implantation of orthopedic devices to the bone. All the cases were covered with muscle or fasciocutaneous flap, with or without removal of the implants. The presence or absence of infection prior to reconstruction (clinical signs, results of microbiological culture, and exposure of the orthopedic material), removal or maintenance of the implant during reconstruction, and the presence of postoperative complications were studied. These variables were associated with postoperative reconstructive success. The analysis of the variables was performed using the chi-square, as well as Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney U tests, according to the type of variable, and for a significance of 0.05. Results: The frequency of reconstructive success was higher in those patients with negative culture and without exposure of bone material (P=0.038). A lower rate of complications was found in patients with infection before reconstruction (P=0.039), and in those with positive culture and exposure of the material prior to surgery, whose implants had been removed during reconstruction (P=0.032). Conclusions: The provision of well vascularized tissue in the form of flap allows maintenance of the orthopedic material with a success rate of 66.67%, as well as favorable outcomes in the mid to long terms. The results of exposure and culture are predictive indicators of surgery outcomes(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Arthroplasty/adverse effects , Surgical Flaps/transplantation , Lower Extremity/surgery , Fracture Fixation, Internal/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies
2.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 111(4): 325-328, mayo 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-196446

ABSTRACT

Existe una variante del carcinoma epidermoide cutáneo, denominada de alto riesgo, que se caracteriza por tener una mayor incidencia de metástasis. Algunas características del tumor definen esta variante de alto riesgo, como factores predictores de metástasis, pero todavía no se encuentran bien establecidas. Este es un estudio observacional retrospectivo en el que incluimos 392 casos de carcinoma epidermoide cutáneo de cabeza y cuello. Realizamos un análisis de los factores de riesgo tumorales para el desarrollo de metástasis y la relación entre la presencia de metástasis y la mortalidad del paciente. Únicamente encontramos una relación positiva y significativa entre la invasión tumoral de estructuras extradérmicas y el desarrollo de metástasis. El 6,6% de los tumores desarrollaron metástasis, con una mortalidad del 30,8%. Estos datos se encuentran en concordancia con los resultados publicados en estudios previos


The variant of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, known as high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, has a higher incidence of metastasis. Certain characteristics define this high-risk tumor and are predictors of increased risk of metastasis, although the risk factors are not yet well established. This observational retrospective study of 392 cases of high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck explored the tumor risk factors for metastasis and the association between metastasis and death. The only factor with a significant positive association with mortality was tumor invasion of noncutaneous structures. A total of 6.6% of the tumors metastasized, and mortality was 30.8%. These findings are consistent with observations reported in the literatura


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Skin Neoplasms/mortality , Head and Neck Neoplasms/mortality , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Risk Factors
3.
Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) ; 111(4): 325-328, 2020 May.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32340691

ABSTRACT

The variant of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, known as high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, has a higher incidence of metastasis. Certain characteristics define this high-risk tumor and are predictors of increased risk of metastasis, although the risk factors are not yet well established. This observational retrospective study of 392 cases of high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck explored the tumor risk factors for metastasis and the association between metastasis and death. The only factor with a significant positive association with mortality was tumor invasion of noncutaneous structures. A total of 6.6% of the tumors metastasized, and mortality was 30.8%. These findings are consistent with observations reported in the literature.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Skin Neoplasms , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
4.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 45(2): 175-181, abr.-jun. 2019. graf, tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-184225

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivo. La cirugía de vulvectomía se asocia a una gran incidencia de complicaciones de la herida quirúrgica que pueden evitarse mediante la reconstrucción inmediata de la vulva. En este trabajo buscamos presentar los resultados obtenidos en nuestro centro hospitalario mediante la introducción de un protocolo de reconstrucción inmediata tras vulvectomía. Material y método. En enero de 2017 se implantó en nuestro hospital un protocolo de reconstrucción inmediata tras vulvectomía con el fin de establecer una serie de criterios que permitan al ginecólogo detectar aquellas pacientes con alto riesgo de dehiscencia de la herida tras vulvectomía y contactar con el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica para coordinar la reconstrucción inmediata de la vulva. Durante un periodo de 18 meses registramos los datos de las pacientes sometidas a dicha intervención: edad, tipo de neoplasia, criterio reconstructivo, técnica reconstructiva, uni o bilateralidad, estancia hospitalaria y complicaciones en los 30 primeros días de postoperatorio. Resultados. Registramos un total de 9 pacientes sometidas a reconstrucción inmediata: 8 mediante colgajo en flor de loto y 1 mediante colgajo miocutáneo de gracilis. La estancia media hospitalaria fue de 31.4 días y 3 pacientes presentaron complicaciones postoperatorias en forma de dehiscencia de la herida quirúrgica. Conclusiones. Consideramos que nuestro protocolo es una herramienta adecuada para desarrollar una colaboración interdepartamental entre Ginecología y Cirugía Plástica y para implantar la reconstrucción vulvar inmediata


Background and objective. Vulvectomy surgery is associated with a high incidence of surgical wound complications that may be avoided with immediate vulvar reconstruction. In this paper we present the results obtained in our hospital with the implementation of an immediate vulvar reconstruction protocol. Methods. In January 2017 we established an immediate vulvar reconstruction protocol in our center with a list of criteria that would allow the gynecologist to detect those patients with a high risk of wound dehiscence after vulvectomy in order to coordinate the immediate reconstruction of the vulva with our Plastic Surgery Service. For the next 18 months, we recorded the information of those patients intervened: age, pathology, reconstructive criteria, reconstructive technique, laterality, hospital stay and complications during the first 30 postoperative days. Results. We performed immediate vulvar reconstruction in 9 patients: 8 with a lotus flap and 1 with a gracilis myocutaneous flap. Mean stay was 31.4 days and 3 patients developed complications in the form of surgical wound dehiscence. Conclusions. We consider that our protocol is a useful tool for the implantation of immediate vulvar reconstruction and to establish a collaboration between gynecologists and plastic surgeons


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Vulvar Neoplasms/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Vulvectomy/methods , Clinical Protocols , Surgical Wound/surgery , Surgical Wound Dehiscence/surgery , Vulva/pathology , Vulva/surgery , Vulvectomy/adverse effects , Surgical Wound/complications , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Algorithms
5.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 96(9): 577-582, nov. 2018. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-176549

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Se desconoce si la linfadenectomía cervical para el tratamiento del carcinoma espinocelular cutáneo de cabeza y cuello (CECccyc) aumenta la supervivencia en el paciente de avanzada edad. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar si esta terapia influye en la supervivencia de estos pacientes, y conocer si el índice abreviado de Charlson (ICa) puede utilizarse como alternativa a la edad en la estimación de la supervivencia. MÉTODOS: La población a estudio la componen todos los pacientes a quienes se diagnosticó CECccyc intervenidos consecutivamente entre 2006 y 2011. Se excluyeron los carcinomas no invasivos, no cutáneos. Se realiza una agrupación de los pacientes en función de la edad (<70, 70-79, 80-89, >90), ICa (<3, ≥3) y presencia (N1) o ausencia (N0) de metástasis cervicales. La variable dependiente es la realización o no de linfadenectomía cervical. Se efectúa un análisis de la supervivencia univariante según la presencia de metástasis; bivariante para cada una de las variables independientes según el tratamiento recibido; y multivariante. RESULTADOS: Se incluyen 416 casos. El tiempo medio de supervivencia es mayor en el grupo N0. Para cada uno de los grupos según la presencia de metástasis, las diferencias en el tiempo medio de supervivencia según la edad y el ICa no son significativas, independientemente del tratamiento recibido. El análisis multivariante muestra la influencia de la edad (p = 0,0001, OR = 1,488, IC95% = (1,318; 1,679)) y del ICa (p = 0,001, OR = 1,817, IC95% = (1,257; 2,627)) sobre los pacientes N0. Respecto a los pacientes N1, solo la variable tratamiento regional tiene una influencia positiva sobre la supervivencia (p = 0,048, OR = 0,15, IC95% = (0,023; 0,981)). CONCLUSIONES: El ICa y la edad son buenos indicadores de la mortalidad en pacientes CECccyc N0. No es así en pacientes CECccyc N1. En pacientes CECccyc N1 el tratamiento regional tiene una influencia positiva sobre la supervivencia. No se puede afirmar que existan diferencias en el tiempo medio de supervivencia de los pacientes con CECccyc en función de si han desarrollado metástasis o no y según el tratamiento recibido. Serán necesarios nuevos estudios


INTRODUCTION: It is unknown whether cervical lymphadenectomy as a treatment for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (cSCCh&n) increases survival in elderly patients. The aim of this study is to determine whether this procedure has an influence on the survival of these patients, and whether the Short-Form Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI-SF) can be used as an alternative to age in the surgeon's estimation of elderly patient mortality. METHODS: The study population included all patients diagnosed with cSCCh&n consecutively treated between 2006 and 2011. Non-invasive, non-cutaneous carcinomas were excluded. Patients were grouped according to their age (< 70, 70-79, 80-89, > 90), CCI-SF (< 3, ≥ 3) and presence (N1) or absence (N0) of cervical metastases. The dependent variable was the performance or not of cervical lymphadenectomy. A univariate survival analysis was performed according to the presence of metastases, a bivariate analysis for each of the independent variables according to the received treatment and a multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 416 cases were included. The mean survival time was greater in the N0 group. For each of the groups based on the presence of metastasis, the differences in the mean survival time according to age and CCI-SF were not significant, regardless of the treatment received. The multivariate analysis showed the influence of age (p = 0.0001, OR = 1.488, 95%CI = (1.318; 1.679)) and CCI-SF (p = 0.001, OR = 1.817, 95%CI = (1.257; 2.627)) in the N0 group. In the N1 group only regional treatment has a positive influence on survival (p = 0.048, OR = 0.15, 95%CI = (0.023; 0.981)). CONCLUSIONS: CCI-SF and age are good mortality indicators in cSCCh&n N0 patients, but not so in cSCCh&n N1 patients. In cSCCh&n N1 patients, regional treatment has a positive influence on survival. Differences cannot be affirmed in the mean survival time of patients with cSCCh&n, based on the development of metastases and the treatment given. New studies will be necessary


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Survival Analysis , Lymph Node Excision , Skin Neoplasms/complications , Observational Study , Retrospective Studies
6.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 96(9): 577-582, 2018 Nov.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29934258

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: It is unknown whether cervical lymphadenectomy as a treatment for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (cSCCh&n) increases survival in elderly patients. The aim of this study is to determine whether this procedure has an influence on the survival of these patients, and whether the Short-Form Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI-SF) can be used as an alternative to age in the surgeon's estimation of elderly patient mortality. METHODS: The study population included all patients diagnosed with cSCCh&n consecutively treated between 2006 and 2011. Non-invasive, non-cutaneous carcinomas were excluded. Patients were grouped according to their age (<70, 70-79, 80-89, >90), CCI-SF (<3, ≥3) and presence (N1) or absence (N0) of cervical metastases. The dependent variable was the performance or not of cervical lymphadenectomy. A univariate survival analysis was performed according to the presence of metastases, a bivariate analysis for each of the independent variables according to the received treatment and a multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 416 cases were included. The mean survival time was greater in the N0 group. For each of the groups based on the presence of metastasis, the differences in the mean survival time according to age and CCI-SF were not significant, regardless of the treatment received. The multivariate analysis showed the influence of age (p=0.0001, OR=1.488, 95%CI=[1.318; 1.679]) and CCI-SF (p=0.001, OR=1.817, 95%CI=[1.257; 2.627]) in the N0 group. In the N1 group only regional treatment has a positive influence on survival (p=0.048, OR=0.15, 95%CI=[0.023; 0.981]). CONCLUSIONS: CCI-SF and age are good mortality indicators in cSCCh&n N0 patients, but not so in cSCCh&n N1 patients. In cSCCh&n N1 patients, regional treatment has a positive influence on survival. Differences cannot be affirmed in the mean survival time of patients with cSCCh&n, based on the development of metastases and the treatment given. New studies will be necessary.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/mortality , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Neck Dissection , Skin Neoplasms/mortality , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Survival Analysis
7.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 42(4): 355-360, oct.-dic. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-159789

ABSTRACT

Introducción y Objetivos. En determinados casos el desbridamiento quirúrgico de las quemaduras de espesor total genera defectos de cobertura con exposición de hueso. Cuando se trata de pacientes con gran superficie corporal quemada, la disponibilidad de tejidos para llevar a cabo la reconstrucción de estos defectos es limitada. La introducción de la terapia de vacío en el tratamiento de este tipo de lesiones supone una alternativa para estos pacientes. Pacientes y Método. Presentamos 2 casos de pacientes con quemaduras extensas y profundas en las extremidades inferiores y exposición ósea. En ambos aplicamos terapia de vacío. Resultados. Logramos el cierre completo de las heridas tras obtener una cobertura total del hueso con tejido de granulación y posterior injerto cutáneo. Conclusiones. Consideramos que la terapia de vacío es una alternativa útil que actúa de forma segura estimulando el cierre de la herida y minimizando las necesidades de tratamiento quirúrgico en quemaduras de espesor total con exposición ósea (AU)


Background and Objective. In certain cases surgical debridement of severe burns results in defects with bone exposure. In patients with large burnt body surface the availability of tissues for the reconstructive process is restricted. The introduction of vacuum therapy in the treatment of these lesions is an alternative for such patients. Patients and Methods. We present 2 patients with severe burns in the lower extremities and bone exposure. We applied vacuum therapy in both cases. Results. In both cases the result was the complete closure of the wound after obtaining whole coverage of the bone with granulation tissue and subsequent skin grafting. Conclusions. We consider tha vacuum therapy is a usefull alternative that works in a safe way by stimulating wound closure and diminishing the need for surgical treatment in severe burns with bone exposure (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Burns/therapy , Tissue Expansion Devices , Wound Closure Techniques , Burns/complications , Vacuum , Wound Healing , Treatment Outcome
8.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 42(3): 217-225, jul.-sept. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-157043

ABSTRACT

Introducción y Objetivos. El desbridamiento enzimático de las quemaduras ha sido objeto de estudio durante décadas; en este terreno, NexoBrid(R) (MediWound Ltd., Israel) se postula como una prometedora alternativa al desbridamiento quirúrgico clásico. Por otra parte, las propiedades antibacterianas y promotoras de la cicatrización de la miel también se han evaluado recientemente con buenos resultados clínicos. Describimos nuestra experiencia preliminar con el empleo de NexoBrid(R) para el tratamiento de quemaduras faciales, seguido de curas tópicas con Medihoney(R) Wound Gel (Derma Sciences Ltd., EE.UU.). Material y Método. Incluimos en el estudio todos los pacientes atendidos en nuestra Unidad de Quemados con quemaduras faciales dérmicas o subdérmicas que afectaban a 2 o más subunidades estéticas. Realizamos desbridamiento enzimático con NexoBrid(R) en las primeras 24 horas. Posteriormente, llevamos a cabo tratamiento conservador con curas tópicas con Medihoney(R) Wound Gel. Recogimos todos los datos de calidad del desbridamiento, necesidad de desbridamiento quirúrgico, tiempo hasta epitelización completa, presencia de infección y necesidad de cirugía correctora de secuelas. Resultados. Tratamos 10 pacientes con quemaduras faciales de etiología diversa (llama, flash eléctrico, deflagración, escaldadura y química). El desbridamiento inicial fue completo en todos los pacientes. Se alcanzó la epitelización completa en una media de 13.88 días (10-20 días). Ningún paciente presentó infección clínicamente manifiesta ni precisó desbridamiento quirúrgico, cobertura mediante autoinjertos o cirugía de secuelas. Conclusiones. Nuestra experiencia preliminar indica que parece factible la aplicación de NexoBrid(R) y su combinación con Medihoney(R) para el tratamiento conservador de las quemaduras faciales (AU)


Background and Objective. Enzymatic debridement of burns has been studied for decades. In this theme, NexoBrid(R) (MediWound Ltd., Israel) is postulated as a promising alternative to classic surgical debridement of burns. Moreover, the antibacterial and healing properties of honey have been recently evaluated with good clinical results. This paper describes our preliminary experience with the use of NexoBrid(R) to treat burns in the facial area, followed by topical application of Medihoney(R) Wound Gel (Derma Sciences Ltd., USA). Methods. All patients received in our Burns Unit with dermal or subdermal facial burns affecting 2 or more aesthetic subunits were included in the study. Enzymatic debridement was performed with NexoBrid(R) in the first 24 hours. Subsequently, conservative management was carried on by topical cures with Medihoney(R) Wound Gel. Data about quality of debridement, the need for surgical debridement, time to complete epithelialization, presence of infection, and the need for corrective surgery of sequelae were collected. Results. Ten patients with facial burns of diverse etiology (flame, electric flash, deflagration, scald and chemical) were treated. The initial debridement was complete in all patients. Complete epithelialization was achived on an average of 13.88 days (10-20 days). No patient presented clinically apparent infection, and didn’t require surgical debridement, coverage by autografts, nor surgery of sequelae. Conclusions. Our preliminary results indicate that the application of NexoBrid® and its combination with Medihoney® for the conservative management of facial burns seems feasible (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Enzyme Precursors/therapeutic use , Enzyme Therapy/methods , Debridement/methods , Burns/therapy , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Honey , Wound Healing
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