ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is most common in the first year of life. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for AD in a birth cohort of infants from southeast Turkey. METHODS: Adana Paediatric Allergy Research (ADAPAR) birth cohort study was derived from 1377 infants who were born in Cukurova University, Medical Hospital, Adana, Turkey between February 2010 and February 2011. At birth, a physical examination was performed, cord blood samples were taken, and the mother completed a baseline questionnaire that provided data on gestational conditions, family history of allergic diseases and environmental exposures. Follow-up visits scheduled at 3, 6, and 12 months included an infant physical examination and an extended questionnaire. Skin prick test was performed and food-specific IgE levels were measured at 6 and 12 months. Atopic dermatitis was diagnosed based on confirmatory examination by a physician. RESULTS: Of the 1377 infants enrolled, 59 (4.3%) were diagnosed with AD as of 12 months. Maternal allergic disease (ORs 6.28, 95% CI 1.03-38.30; p = 0.046), maternal infection during gestation (ORs 3.73, 95% CI 1.25-11.09; p = 0.018), and presence of food allergy (ORs 13.7, 95% CI 3.07-61.0; p = 0.001) were identified as risk factors for AD. Breastfeeding and cord blood IgE levels were not identified as risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort we found prevalence of AD as 4.3% during the first year of life. Positive family history of atopic diseases, prenatal infections and presence of food allergy are the risk factors for early presentation of AD
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Dermatitis, Atopic/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Atopic/etiology , Dermatitis, Atopic/pathology , Fetal Blood , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Food Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , Food Hypersensitivity/therapy , Risk Factors , Breast Feeding/instrumentation , Breast Feeding/methods , Physical Examination/instrumentation , Physical Examination/methods , Physical Examination , Milk Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Milk Hypersensitivity/immunology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases , Infant, Newborn , Cohort Studies , TurkeyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is most common in the first year of life. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for AD in a birth cohort of infants from southeast Turkey. METHODS: Adana Paediatric Allergy Research (ADAPAR) birth cohort study was derived from 1377 infants who were born in Cukurova University, Medical Hospital, Adana, Turkey between February 2010 and February 2011. At birth, a physical examination was performed, cord blood samples were taken, and the mother completed a baseline questionnaire that provided data on gestational conditions, family history of allergic diseases and environmental exposures. Follow-up visits scheduled at 3, 6, and 12 months included an infant physical examination and an extended questionnaire. Skin prick test was performed and food-specific IgE levels were measured at 6 and 12 months. Atopic dermatitis was diagnosed based on confirmatory examination by a physician. RESULTS: Of the 1377 infants enrolled, 59 (4.3%) were diagnosed with AD as of 12 months. Maternal allergic disease (ORs 6.28, 95% CI 1.03-38.30; p=0.046), maternal infection during gestation (ORs 3.73, 95% CI 1.25-11.09; p=0.018), and presence of food allergy (ORs 13.7, 95% CI 3.07-61.0; p=0.001) were identified as risk factors for AD. Breastfeeding and cord blood IgE levels were not identified as risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort we found prevalence of AD as 4.3% during the first year of life. Positive family history of atopic diseases, prenatal infections and presence of food allergy are the risk factors for early presentation of AD.
Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Atopic/epidemiology , Food Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Breast Feeding , Cohort Studies , Dermatitis, Atopic/blood , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Skin Tests , Surveys and Questionnaires , Turkey/epidemiologyABSTRACT
We investigated serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in JRA patients during both active and inactive phases of the disease. The systemic JRA patients had the highest IL-1beta and IL-6 levels during both active and inactive periods. In the systemic group IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-12 levels during the active period were elevated compared to the inactive period (p = 0.0173, p = 0.0359 and p = 0.0117, respectively). Levels of these cytokines during the inactive stage were still greater than those of controls. IL-8 and TNF-alpha levels during both active and inactive periods were comparable to controls. IL-1beta correlated strongly with CRP and ESR (p = 0.008 and p = 0.031, respectively). IL-6 correlated significantly with CRP (p = 0.002). IL-12 levels were found to be correlated with ESR and CRP (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively). In active polyarticular JRA patients, IL-6 levels were elevated compared to the inactive phase, and the control (p = 0.001) IL-12 levels decreased significantly with clinical remission (p = 0.018). There was a strong correlation between 11-12 levels and number of joint with limited motion (p = 0). In oligoarticular JRA patients, IL-12 levels during active period were greater than in the controls and there was a marked decrease in IL-12 levels when the patients entered the inactive phase (p = 0.001) In conclusion, IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-12 may play an important role in JRA and may be used as a marker of disease activity.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Juvenile/blood , Cytokines/blood , Adolescent , Arthritis, Juvenile/pathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Interleukin-1/blood , Interleukin-12/blood , Interleukin-6/blood , Interleukin-8/blood , Male , Statistics as Topic , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysisABSTRACT
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease resulting from deficiency of complement 1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH). The clinical manifestations of this disease include recurrent attacks of self-limiting edema affecting face, extremities, gastrointestinal system and upper airways. In this report, we present eleven members of a family with HAE. Edema of the extremities was the most common symptom, occurring in ten patients. Three patients experienced severe laryngeal edema that required tracheotomy. Three patients developed facial and scrotal edema. Three patients experienced severe abdominal pain. The mean age at onset of symptoms was 11 years. C1-INH levels were undetectable in two patients and low in nine patients. CH50 was undetectable in all of the patients. C4 level for all patients was low. HAE in our first case, a 10-year-old boy, was diagnosed on the basis of low C1-INH, CH50 and C4, in addition to his familial history. Eleven members of this family, for whom laboratory studies could not be done, had similar symptoms and course. Two patients died as a result of laryngeal edema before establishment of diagnosis. This case report indicates the importance of recognition and early treatment of HAE to prevent a potentially fatal outcome.
Subject(s)
Angioedema/genetics , Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins/deficiency , Adult , Age of Onset , Angioedema/blood , Angioedema/therapy , Child , Complement C4/deficiency , Complement Hemolytic Activity Assay , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , PedigreeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Rush immunotherapy results obtained in Der PI-sensitive children with asthma and the changes in clinical and immunological parameters were investigated. METHODS: We studied 18 patients with Der PI sensitivity. Two groups were randomized: nine patients received RIT and nine patients received conventional immunotherapy (CIT) for three years. The RIT group reached the optimal maintenance dose at the end of one week. The CIT group reached the optimal maintenance dose in approximately three months. Symptom medication scores, lung function, side effects scores, skin-prick test, diluted skin-prick test with Der PI, bronchial provocation tests with Der PI, and Der PI-specific IgE and IgG4 were investigated in baseline conditions, at six months and at the end of the third year. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups in age, sex, and duration of illness. Treatment was tolerated very well. However, mean side-effect scores were higher in the RIT group than in the CIT group (p < 0.005). There were no significant differences between groups in the other parameters. CONCLUSION: CIT is more advantageous than RIT in Der PI-sensitive children, although the maintenance dose was achieved more rapidly with RIT.
Subject(s)
Allergens/therapeutic use , Asthma/therapy , Desensitization, Immunologic/methods , Glycoproteins/therapeutic use , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/therapy , Allergens/administration & dosage , Animals , Antigens, Dermatophagoides , Asthma/etiology , Asthma/immunology , Bronchial Provocation Tests , Drug Administration Schedule , Glycoproteins/administration & dosage , Humans , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Mites/immunology , Respiratory Function Tests , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/etiology , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/immunology , Severity of Illness Index , Skin TestsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In recent decades, the prevalence of atopic diseases has risen steadily in developed countries. The reasons for this increase are not clear. It has been hypothesized that a reduction in infections and immunization programs may contribute to the increase in the prevalence of atopic diseases. We investigated the relationship between tuberculin response and atopic disease. METHODS: A total of 538 (73.0%) atopic and 198 (27.0%) nonatopic children vaccinated with BCG were included in the study. All the children included in the study had neither been given BCG nor tuberculin skin-tested in the previous 6 months, nor did they have a condition known to cause anergy. All the children were given five tuberculin units PPD, and PPD indurations were recorded after 48 h. RESULTS: The PPD induration size was 6.8 +/- 5.6 mm (mean +/- SD) in atopic children and 7.4 +/- 5.9 mm in nonatopic children. The difference between the two groups was not significant (P > 0.05). The PPD induration sizes of children with asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis were found to be similar. The children with atopic dermatitis had lower PPD induration size, but this was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The rates of negative (< 5 mm skin induration) and intermediate (5-9 mm) responses were 32.6% and 30.5% in atopic children and 30.2% and 32.4% in nonatopic children, respectively. Positive tuberculin responses (PPD > 10 mm) were recorded in 36.9% of atopic children and 37.4% of nonatopic children. Total serum IgE levels of atopic and nonatopic children were 623.35 and 46.78 IU/ml, respectively. There was no correlation between serum total IgE level and PPD induration size (r = - 0.0012, P = 0.737). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any relationship between tuberculin response and atopy status later in life in BCG-immunized subjects. We need further studies to clarify the effect of BCG on the development of atopy.
Subject(s)
Asthma/immunology , Asthma/microbiology , Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology , Dermatitis, Atopic/microbiology , Rhinitis/immunology , Rhinitis/microbiology , Tuberculin/immunology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin E/analysis , Male , Retrospective Studies , Tuberculin TestABSTRACT
Background: rush immunotherapy results obtained in Der PI-sensitive children with asthma and the changes in clinical and immunological parameters were investigated. Methods: we studied 18 patients with Der PI sensitivity. Two groups were randomized: nine patients received RIT and nine patients received conventional immunotherapy (CIT) for three years. The RIT group reached the optimal maintenance dose at the end of one week. The CIT group reached the optimal maintenance dose in approximately three months. Symptom medication scores, lung function, side effects scores, skinprick test, diluted skin-prick test with Der PI, bronchial provocation tests with Der PI, and Der PI-specific IgE and IgG4 were investigated in baseline conditions, at six months and at the end of the third year. Results: there were no significant differences between groups in age, sex, and duration of illness. Treatment was tolerated very well. However, mean side-effect scores were higher in the RIT group than in the CIT group (p < 0.005). There were no significant differences between groups in the other parameters. Conclusion: CIT is more advantageous than RIT in Der PI-sensitive children, although the maintenance dose was achieved more rapidly with RIT (AU)
Objetivos: investigar los resultados de la inmunoterapia rápida en niños asmáticos sensibles a Der PI en relación con los cambios en los parámetros clínicos e inmunológicos.Métodos: estudiamos a 18 pacientes con sensibilidad a Der PI. Se repartieron aleatoriamente en dos grupos. Nueve pacientes recibieron ITR y los otros recibieron inmunoterapia convencional (ITC) durante tres años. El grupo de ITR alcanzó al final de una semana la dosis de mantenimiento óptima.El grupo de ITC alcanzó la dosis óptima aproximadamente al tercer mes. Fueron investigadas las puntuaciones por síntomas y administración de fármacos, función pulmonar, efectos secundarios, resultados de las pruebas cutáneas, pruebas cutáneas con Der PI diluido, pruebas de provocación bronquial con Der PI, IgE e IgG4 específicas de Der PI obtenidas en situación basal, en el sexto mes y al final del tercer año.Resultados: no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos con respecto a la edad, sexo y duración de enfermedad. El tratamiento fue bien tolerado. Sin embargo, la puntuación media por efectos secundarios fue más elevada con la ITR que con la ITC (p < 0,005). No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre grupos en los otros parámetros.Conclusión: la ITC tiene más ventajas que la ITR en niños con sensibilidad a Der PI, pero se alcanzó la dosis de mantenimiento más rápidamente con la ITR. (AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial , Antigens, Dermatophagoides , Asthma , Desensitization, Immunologic , Drug Administration Schedule , Allergens , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulin E , Severity of Illness Index , Skin Tests , Mites , Respiratory Function Tests , Bronchial Provocation Tests , GlycoproteinsSubject(s)
Desensitization, Immunologic , Quality of Life , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/therapy , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/therapy , Adolescent , Child , Cost of Illness , Desensitization, Immunologic/economics , Drug Costs , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin E/analysis , Intradermal Tests , Male , Radioallergosorbent Test , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/economics , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/psychology , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/economics , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/psychologyABSTRACT
A weak field DNP study of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (4-hydroxy-TEMPO), 4-amino-2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (4-amino-TEMPO), and 2, 2-Di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals invarious solvents was performed at 1.53 mT using a doubleresonance spectrometer. pi transitions, in which the RF fieldhas a component perpendicular to the static magnetic fieldB0, and final sigma transitions, in which the RF field has a component parallel to B0, were recorded. In order to observe thefinal sigma transitions a new probe head was designed. The final sigma transitions were obtained at the frequencies expected from theoretical calculations. However, the results obtained for the observed enhancements deviated from the values expectedtheoretically.
Subject(s)
Bepridil/analogs & derivatives , Cyclic N-Oxides/chemistry , Picrates , Spin Labels , Bepridil/chemistry , Biphenyl Compounds , Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Free Radicals , Indicators and Reagents , Solutions , WaterABSTRACT
Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) is a mitochondrial disorder. There is a large-scale mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion in most of the case. In this article, a case of KSS who has progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), complete heart block, encephalopathy attacks, type-1 diabetes mellitus, ragged-red fiber (RRF) and lactic acidosis is presented and discussed in light of the literature available on this subjects. Diagnosis is confirmed by determination of mtDNA deletion.
