ABSTRACT
Molecular changes that affect mitochondrial glycolysis have been associated with the maintenance of tumor cells. Some metabolic factors have already been described as predictors of disease severity and outcomes. This systematic review was conducted to answer the question: Is the glycolytic pathway correlated with the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)? A search strategy was developed to retrieve studies in English from PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science using keywords related to squamous cell carcinoma, survival, and glycolytic pathway, with no restriction of publication date. The search retrieved 1273 publications. After the titles and abstracts were analyzed, 27 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies were divided into groups according to two subtopics, glycolytic pathways and diagnosis, which describe the glycolytic profile of OSCC tumors. Several components of tumor energy metabolism found in this review are important predictors of survival of patients with OSCC.
Subject(s)
Glycolysis , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/diagnosis , Humans , Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/metabolismABSTRACT
Molecular changes that affect mitochondrial glycolysis have been associated with the maintenance of tumor cells. Some metabolic factors have already been described as predictors of disease severity and outcomes. This systematic review was conducted to answer the question: Is the glycolytic pathway correlated with the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)? A search strategy was developed to retrieve studies in English from PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science using keywords related to squamous cell carcinoma, survival, and glycolytic pathway, with no restriction of publication date. The search retrieved 1273 publications. After the titles and abstracts were analyzed, 27 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies were divided into groups according to two subtopics, glycolytic pathways and diagnosis, which describe the glycolytic profile of OSCC tumors. Several components of tumor energy metabolism found in this review are important predictors of survival of patients with OSCC.
Subject(s)
Humans , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/diagnosis , Glycolysis , Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/metabolismABSTRACT
Abstract A new species of Tripartiella is described from the gills of the wild saddle cichlid Aequidens tetramerus in north Brazil. Wet smears of skin and gills of examined fish were air-dried at room temperature and impregnated with Klein’s dry silver method for examination of the adhesive disc’s structures and denticles. Total prevalence of parasitism was 65%. This ciliate is characterized as a small-sized trichodinid, body diameter 37.03 ± 4.9 μm, adhesive disc 30.50 ± 2.71 μm, denticulate ring 13.28 ± 0.8 μm and 24 ± 2.0 denticles. Taxonomic and morphometric data for the new species are discussed.
Resumo Um nova espécie de Tripartiella encontrada nas brânquias de Aequidens tetramerus da região Norte do Brasil é descrita. Esfregaços de pele e brânquias de peixes examinados foram secos à temperatura ambiente e impregnados pelo método de Klein para observação das estruturas do disco adesivo e dentículos. A prevalência do parasitismo foi de 65%. Este ciliado é caracterizado como pequeno trichodinídeo, com corpo medindo 37,03 ± 4,9 μm de diâmetro, disco adesivo com 30,50 ± 2,71 μm, anel denticulado com 13,28 ± 0,8 μm e 24 ± 2,0 dentículos. Dados taxonômicos e morfométricos para a nova espécie são discutidos.
Subject(s)
Animals , Oligohymenophorea/classification , Cichlids/parasitology , Brazil , GillsABSTRACT
A new species of Tripartiella is described from the gills of the wild saddle cichlid Aequidens tetramerus in north Brazil. Wet smears of skin and gills of examined fish were air-dried at room temperature and impregnated with Klein's dry silver method for examination of the adhesive disc's structures and denticles. Total prevalence of parasitism was 65%. This ciliate is characterized as a small-sized trichodinid, body diameter 37.03 ± 4.9 µm, adhesive disc 30.50 ± 2.71 µm, denticulate ring 13.28 ± 0.8 µm and 24 ± 2.0 denticles. Taxonomic and morphometric data for the new species are discussed.
Subject(s)
Cichlids/parasitology , Oligohymenophorea/classification , Animals , Brazil , GillsABSTRACT
The antioxidant effects of the hydro-alcoholic guaraná extract (Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis Mart.) on nitric oxide (NO) and other compounds generated from the degradation of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in an embryonic fibroblast culture (NIH-3T3 cells) were evaluated. The guaraná bioactive compounds were initially determined by high-performance liquid chromatography: caffeine=12.240 mg/g, theobromine=6.733 mg/g and total catechins=4.336 mg/g. Cells were exposed to 10 µM SNP during a 6 h period because the cells exhibited >90% mortality at this concentration. Guaraná was added to the cultures in five concentrations (0.5, 1, 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL). The guaraná antioxidant effect was evaluated by viability assays, biochemical oxidation [lipid peroxidation, catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity] and genotoxicity (DNA Comet assay) analysis. Additionally, oxidative stress was evaluated by a 2,7-dihydrodichlorofluorescein diacetate fluorescence assay. Guaraná reverted the SNP toxicity mainly at lower concentrations (<5 mg), which decreased cell mortality, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and cell oxidative stress as well as increased the SOD levels. These results demonstrate that guaraná has an antioxidant effect on NO metabolism in situations with higher cellular NO levels.
