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1.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act ; 21(1): 41, 2024 Apr 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38641816

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Digital interventions are potential tools for reducing and limiting occupational sedentary behaviour (SB) in sedentary desk-based jobs. Given the harmful effects of sitting too much and sitting for too long while working, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effectiveness of workplace interventions, that incorporated digital elements, to reduce the time spent in SB in office workers. METHODS: Randomised control trials that evaluated the implementation of workplace interventions that incorporated digital elements for breaking and limiting SB among desk-based jobs were identified by literature searches in six electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO and PEDro) published up to 2023. Studies were included if total and/or occupational SB were assessed. Only studies that reported pre- and postintervention mean differences and standard deviations or standard errors for both intervention arms were used for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5 (RevMan 5; Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). Risk of bias was assessed using the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields QUALSYST tool. RESULTS: Nineteen studies were included in the systematic review. The most employed digital elements were information delivery and mediated organisational support and social influences. Multicomponent, information, and counselling interventions measuring total and/or occupational/nonoccupational SB time by self-report or via device-based measures were reported. Multicomponent interventions were the most represented. Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis, which presented a reduction of 29.9 (95% CI: -45.2, -14.5) min/8 h workday in SB (overall effect: Z = 3.81). CONCLUSIONS: Multicomponent interventions, using a wide range of digital features, have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing time spent in SB at the workplace among desk-based employees. However, due to hybrid work (i.e., work in the office and home) being a customary mode of work for many employees, it is important for future studies to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of these interventions in the evolving work landscape. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The review protocol was registered in the Prospero database (CRD42022377366).


Subject(s)
Sedentary Behavior , Workplace , Humans , Counseling , Time Factors
2.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 12(8)2024 Apr 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38667572

ABSTRACT

Nursing home (NH) residents commonly face limitations in basic activities of daily living (BADLs), following a hierarchical decline. Understanding this hierarchy is crucial for personalized care. This study explores factors associated with early, middle, and late loss in BADLs among NH residents. A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 NHs in Catalonia, Spain. Dependent variables were related to limitations in BADLs: early loss (self-care-related BADLs: personal hygiene, dressing, or bathing), middle loss (mobility-related BADLs: walking or wheelchair handling, toileting, and transferring), and late loss (eating). Independent variables were based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment and institutional factors. Logistic regression was used for the multivariate analyses. The study included 671 older adults. Early loss in BADLs was significantly associated with urinary incontinence, cognitive impairment, and falls. Middle loss in BADLs was linked to fecal incontinence, urinary incontinence, ulcers, and cognitive impairment. Late loss in BADLs was associated with fecal incontinence, the NH not owning a kitchen, neurological disease, cognitive impairment, dysphagia, polypharmacy, and weight loss. These findings highlight the need to address geriatric syndromes, especially cognitive impairment and bladder/bowel incontinence. Monitoring these syndromes could effectively anticipate care dependency. The presence of kitchens in NHs may help to address limitations to eating, allowing for potential personalized meal adaptation.

3.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 11(13)2023 Jun 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37444649

ABSTRACT

Maintaining an active lifestyle is a key health behavior in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a socio-ecological Nordic walking intervention (SENWI) to enhance healthy behaviors in primary healthcare settings. Participants included individuals with T2D (n = 33; age 70 (95% CI 69-74)) and healthcare professionals (HCPs, n = 3). T2D participants were randomly assigned to a SENWI, active comparator, or control group for twelve weeks. Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated based on a mixed methodology. Quantitative data reported adherence information, differences between follow-up and dropout participants and pre- and post-intervention on physical activity, sedentary behavior, and health outcomes. Qualitative data acquisition was performed using focus groups and semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Thirty-three T2D invited participants were recruited, and twenty-two (66.7%) provided post-intervention data. The SENWI was deemed acceptable and feasible, but participants highlighted the need to improve options, group schedules, gender inequities, and the intervention's expiration date. Healthcare professionals expressed a lack of institutional support and resources. Nevertheless, no significant difference between the SENWI follow-up and dropout participants or pre- and post- intervention was found (only between the active comparator and control group in the physical quality of life domain). Implementing the SENWI in primary healthcare settings is feasible and acceptable in real-world conditions. However, a larger sample is needed to assess the program's effectiveness in improving healthy behaviors and its impact on health-related outcomes in the long term.

4.
J Psychosom Res ; 170: 111375, 2023 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37196585

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to analyse the bidirectional hypothesis between stress and multiple sclerosis with several measures of stress, impairment and functionality, considering also the interaction role of stress-related psychosocial factors such as anxiety, coping and social support. METHODS: A one-year follow-up was conducted with 26 people with multiple sclerosis. Participants reported i) at baseline, anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), and social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support); ii) daily, Ecological Momentary Assessment through self-reported diaries of stressful events and coping strategies; iii) monthly, the perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale), iv) trimonthly, the self-reported functionality (Functionality Assessment in multiple sclerosis) and v) at baseline and at the end, neurologist rated impairment (Expanded Disability Status Scale). Mixed-effect regression models were conducted. RESULTS: The bidirectional hypothesis was confirmed with perceived stress and self-reported functionality, which were negatively related in both directions. Coping and anxiety showed an interaction effect: active coping increased functionality only with high levels of stress, and high-trait anxiety showed lower functionality whereas low-trait anxiety showed higher functionality but only with low stress levels. CONCLUSION: People with multiple sclerosis may benefit from different types of psychological therapies, from gold-standard therapies like Cognitive Behavioural Therapy to third-waves therapies like Dialectical Behaviour Therapy or mindfulness, that focus on dealing with stress and affective symptoms, adjusting to the disease, and to improving their overall quality of life. More research is needed in this field under the biopsychosocial model.


Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Anxiety , Coping Skills , Multiple Sclerosis , Social Support , Stress, Psychological , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anxiety/etiology , Anxiety/physiopathology , Anxiety/psychology , Ecological Momentary Assessment , Mindfulness , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Multiple Sclerosis/physiopathology , Multiple Sclerosis/psychology , Regression Analysis , Stress, Psychological/etiology , Stress, Psychological/physiopathology , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological/physiology
5.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 33(1): 14-21, Ene-Feb. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-214376

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Aunque la actividad física (AF) es un comportamiento clave para el control de la diabetes tipo 2 (DT2), los problemas de adopción-adherencia a la AF dificultan el manejo de la enfermedad. Este estudio tiene como objetivo entender cómo los pacientes con DT2 experimentan la promoción de la AF durante las consultas de enfermería en centros de atención primaria de Cataluña. Método: Estudio cualitativo. Entre 2019-2020, en pre-COVID-19, 22 pacientes con DT2 de la provincia de Barcelona participaron en cinco grupos focales y/o cuatro entrevistas semiestructuradas. Todas las reuniones fueron registradas, transcritas y analizadas usando el enfoque de análisis de contenido convencional a través del método comparativo constante. Resultados: El análisis de datos reveló dos temas principales con 16 subtemas. Los dos temas principales fueron: «Procesos conscientes intrapersonales de adopción de la AF» y «Procesos inconscientes estructurales de (no)adherencia a la AF». Conclusión: La experiencia de los pacientes refleja dos problemas concurrentes e interconectados. En primer lugar, la mayoría adoptan rápidamente la AF después del apoyo de las enfermeras, los cuales fueron los principales promotores de la AF. En efecto, según los pacientes, la adopción de la AF parece ser la prioridad de la mayoría de las enfermeras. En segundo lugar, los pacientes perciben que pocas enfermeras dedican tiempo a la adherencia, lo que la convierte en un problema casi universal y una fuente de decepción para el paciente. Para la adherencia, los pacientes experimentan que la atención de las enfermeras debe centrarse en la activación de procesos y habilidades que apoyen la participación continua en la AF ya adoptada.(AU)


Objective: Although physical activity (PA) is a key behaviour for controlling Type 2 Diabetes, problematic adoption and/or adherence continues to impair disease management. This study aims to understand how patients with T2D live and experience nurses PA promotion during consultations in Spanish context. Method: The present study is a qualitative research. In 2019-2020, pre-COVID-19, 22 people living with T2D from Barcelona province contributed either to focus groups (n = 5) or to semi-structured interviews (n = 4). All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using conventional content analysis approach through constant comparative method. Results: Data analysis revealed two major themes with 16 subthemes. The two major themes include: «Intra-personal conscious PA adoption processes» and «Structural unconscious PA (non)adherence processes». Conclusion: Patients’ experiences reflect two concurrent and interconnected issues. First, most patients readily adopted new PA after encouragement from nurses, who were the main proponents of PA. Indeed, adoption seemed to be most nurses’ PA priority and it was effective for most patients. Second, few nurses discussed adherence, making it an almost universal problem and source of disappointment. For adherence, patients experience that nurses’ attention needs to focus on activating processes and skills that support continued involvement in already-adopted PA.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus , Motor Activity , Primary Health Care , Nursing , Nurses , Spain , Qualitative Research
6.
Enferm Clin (Engl Ed) ; 33(1): 14-21, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35597425

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Although physical activity (PA) is a key behaviour for controlling Type 2 Diabetes, problematic adoption and/or adherence continues to impair disease management. This study aims to understand how patients with T2D live and experience nurses PA promotion during consultations in Spanish context. METHOD: The present study is a qualitative research. In 2019-2020, pre-COVID-19, Twenty-two people living with T2D from Barcelona province contributed either to focus groups (n = 5) or to semi-structured interviews (n = 4). All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using conventional content analysis approach through constant comparative method. RESULTS: Data analysis revealed two major themes with sixteen subthemes. The two major themes include: "Intra-personal conscious PA adoption processes" and "Structural unconscious PA (non)adherence processes". CONCLUSION: Patients' experiences reflect two concurrent and interconnected issues. First, most patients readily adopted new PA after encouragement from nurses, who were the main proponents of PA. Indeed, adoption seemed to be most nurses' PA priority and it was effective for most patients. Second, few nurses discussed adherence, making it an almost universal problem and source of disappointment. For adherence, patients experience that nurses' attention needs to focus on activating processes and skills that support continued involvement in already-adopted PA.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Nursing Care , Humans , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , COVID-19/epidemiology , Exercise , Referral and Consultation
7.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36231564

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To identify principal components of free-living patterns of sedentary behaviour in office employees with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to normal glucose metabolism (NGM) office employees, using principal component analysis (PCA). METHODS: 213 office employees (n = 81 with T2D; n = 132 with NGM) wore an activPAL inclinometer 24 h a day for 7 consecutive days. Comparions of sedentary behaviour patterns between adults with T2D and NGM determined the dimensions that best characterise the sedentary behaviour patterns of office employees with T2D at work, outside work and at weekends. RESULTS: The multivariate PCA technique identified two components that explained 60% of the variability present in the data of sedentary behaviour patterns in the population with diabetes. This was characterised by a fewer number of daily breaks and breaks in time intervals of less than 20 min both at work, outside work and at weekends. On average, adults with T2D took fewer 31 breaks/day than adults without diabetes. CONCLUSION: Effective interventions from clinical practice to tackle prolonged sedentary behaviour in office employees with T2D should focus on increasing the number of daily sedentary breaks.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Sedentary Behavior , Adult , Glucose , Habits , Humans , Principal Component Analysis , Workplace
8.
Trials ; 23(1): 842, 2022 Oct 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36192800

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) is a key behaviour for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, healthcare professionals' (HCP) recommendations (walking advice), which are short-term and individually focused, did not reduce the PA drop-out ratio in the long run. Using a socio-ecological model approach may contribute to reducing patient dropout and improving adherence to PA. The aim of this study is threefold: first, to evaluate the effectiveness of a theory-driven Nordic walking intervention using a socio-ecological approach with T2DM patients in Spain; second, to explore the feasibility on the PA adherence process in T2DM patients while participating in the SENWI programme; and third, to understand the HCPs' opinion regarding its applicability within the Spanish healthcare system. METHODS: A three-arm randomized control trial (n = 48 each group) will assess the efficacy of two primary care-based PA interventions (Nordic walking vs. Nordic walking plus socio-ecological approach; two sessions per week for twelve weeks) compared to a control group (usual HCPs' walking advice on PA). Inclusion criteria will include physically inactive patients with T2DM, older than 40 years and without health contraindications to do PA. PA levels and drop-out ratio, quality of life and metabolic and health outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention and at 9- and 21-month follow-ups. The effect of the different interventions will be assessed by a two-factor analysis of variance: treatment group vs time. Also, a two-factor ANOVA test will be performed with linear mixed models for repeated measures. A qualitative analysis using focus groups will explore the reasons for the (in)effectiveness of the new PA interventions. Qualitative outcomes will be assessed at post-intervention using thematic analysis. DISCUSSION: Compared with the general PA walking advice and Nordic walking prescriptions, integrating a socio-ecological approach into Spanish primary care visits could be an effective way to reduce the PA drop-out ratio and increase PA levels in patients with T2DM. Such interventions are necessary to understand the role that multiple socio-complex process in day-to-day PA behaviour has in patients with T2DM in the Spanish context. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05159089. Physical Activity Drop-out Ratio in Patients' Living with Type 2 Diabetes. Prospectively registered on 15 December 2021.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Exercise , Humans , Primary Health Care , Quality of Life , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Sedentary Behavior
9.
Acta Neurol Scand ; 146(5): 448-464, 2022 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36121184

ABSTRACT

The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of Internet-based psychological interventions in the treatment of physical, socio-affective and cognitive symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) to provide currently available evidence. Systematic searches for eligible studies were carried out in four databases (August 2021) using key words. Studies were screened, data extracted, quality appraised and analysed by three independent reviewers, using predefined criteria and following the PRISMA rules. Study quality was assessed using Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields QUALSYST tool. Physical, socio-affective and cognitive symptoms and QoL were the primary outcomes. Thirteen studies were included. Two principal approaches were reported: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based interventions (MBI). Interventions varied from tailored versions to videoconference by a clinician, duration mean 8 weeks, delivered via individually and groups, all online. The review found that iCBT interventions were effective for improve depression, anxiety, fatigue and QoL, and slightly in cognitive functioning in pwMS, whereas MBI interventions reported benefits in depression, anxiety, stress and QoL, and less evidence in fatigue. Generally, study quality was acceptable in most studies; eleven of the studies scored a low risk of bias on all items in the Qualsyst Tool, whereas only two studies were considered unacceptable. Psychological online interventions may improve physical, socio-affective and cognitive symptoms as well as QoL in pwMS, overcoming the face-to-face barriers (i.e. disability). Contact with the therapist and groups sessions have been identified as enablers of the online interventions. Nevertheless, the limited number of studies and the heterogeneity of health outcomes reported made difficult to afford robust conclusions on psychological intervention effects in pwMS.


Subject(s)
Internet-Based Intervention , Multiple Sclerosis , Depression/etiology , Depression/therapy , Fatigue/therapy , Humans , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Multiple Sclerosis/psychology , Multiple Sclerosis/therapy , Psychosocial Intervention , Quality of Life/psychology
10.
BMC Public Health ; 22(1): 1269, 2022 06 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35768818

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Prolonged sedentary time is associated with an increased incidence of chronic disease including type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Given that occupational sedentary time contributes significantly to the total amount of daily sedentariness, incorporating programmes to reduce occupational sedentary time in patients with chronic disease would allow for physical, mental and productivity benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-, medium- and long-term effectiveness of a mHealth programme for sitting less and moving more at work on habitual and occupational sedentary behaviour and physical activity in office staff with DM2. Secondary aims. To evaluate the effectiveness on glycaemic control and lipid profile at 6- and 12-month follow-up; anthropometric profile, blood pressure, mental well-being and work-related post-intervention outcomes at 3, 6 and 12 months. METHODS: Multicentre randomized controlled trial. A sample size of 220 patients will be randomly allocated into a control (n = 110) or intervention group (n = 110), with post-intervention follow-ups at 6 and 12 months. Health professionals from Spanish Primary Health Care units will randomly invite patients (18-65 years of age) diagnosed with DM2, who have sedentary office desk-based jobs. The control group will receive usual healthcare and information on the health benefits of sitting less and moving more. The intervention group will receive, through a smartphone app and website, strategies and real-time feedback for 13 weeks to change occupational sedentary behaviour. VARIABLES: (1) Subjective and objective habitual and occupational sedentary behaviour and physical activity (Workforce Sitting Questionnaire, Brief Physical Activity Assessment Tool, activPAL3TM); 2) Glucose, HbA1c; 3) Weight, height, waist circumference; 4) Total, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides; (5) Systolic, diastolic blood pressure; (6) Mental well-being (Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being); (7) Presenteeism (Work Limitations Questionnaire); (8) Impact of work on employees´ health, sickness absence (6th European Working Conditions Survey); (9) Job-related mental strain (Job Content Questionnaire). Differences between groups pre- and post- intervention on the average value of the variables will be analysed. DISCUSSION: If the mHealth intervention is effective in reducing sedentary time and increasing physical activity in office employees with DM2, health professionals would have a low-cost tool for the control of patients with chronic disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04092738. Registered September 17, 2019.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Workplace , Delivery of Health Care , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Exercise , Humans , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Sedentary Behavior
11.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act ; 18(1): 123, 2021 09 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34526048

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Most of theevidence has focused on examining the influence of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity on mental health, but he role of light intensity physical activity (LIPA) is less understood. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the relationship between time spent in LIPA and mental ill health across the lifespan. METHODS: Data were obtained from online databases (Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsychInfo and CINAHL). The search and collection of eligible studies was conducted up to May 28, 2020. Observational studies conducted in the general population and reporting on the association between LIPA (1.6-2.9 metabolic equivalents; either self-reported or device-based measured) and mental ill health were included. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies were included in the review (16 cross-sectional and 6 longitudinal). In older adults (≥ 65 years) and adults (18-64 years), the evidence examining the relationship between LIPA and depressive symptoms is mixed. Data on anxiety, psychological distress and overall mental health are scarce, and results are inconclusive. There is no evidence suggesting favorable associations between LIPA and anxiety in college students. Finally, very limited data was found in adolescents (11-17 years) (n = 2 studies) and children (6-10 years) (n = 2 studies), but the evidence suggests that LIPA does not influence mental health outcomes in these age groups. CONCLUSIONS: This review provided mostly cross-sectional evidence indicating that LIPA may not be associated with mental health outcomes across age groups. Future research efforts employing prospective research designs are warranted to better understand the role of LIPA on mental ill health across age groups.


Subject(s)
Exercise , Mental Health , Adolescent , Aged , Anxiety , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Prospective Studies
12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33260697

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Most workplace interventions that aim to reduce sedentary behaviour have 38 focused on employees' sedentary patterns at-work but less have focused on understanding the 39 impact beyond working time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 13-week m-40 health workplace-based 'sit less, move more' intervention (Walk@WorkApp; W@W-App) on 41 physical activity (PA) and sitting in desk-based employees at-work and away from work. METHODS: Participants (n = 141) were assigned by hospital to an intervention group (IG; used the W@W-App; n = 90) or an active comparison group (A-CG; monitored occupational activity; n = 51). The W@W-App, installed on the participants´ own smartphones, provided real-time feedback for occupational sitting, standing, and stepping, and gave access to automated strategies to sit less and move more at work. Changes between groups were assessed for total sitting time, sedentary bouts and breaks, and light and moderate-to-vigorous PA (activPAL3TM; min/day) between the baseline and after program completion. RESULTS: Compared to the A-CG, employees that used the W@W-App program increased their number of daily breaks and the time spent on short sedentary bouts (<20 min, p = 0.047) during weekends. Changes in shortest sedentary bouts (5-10 min) during weekends were also statistically significant (p < 0.05). No changes in workday PA or sitting were observed. CONCLUSION: Desk-based employees seemed to transfer the W@W-App program knowledge outside of work. Evaluating the impact of workplace (mHealth-based or not) interventions at work but also away from work would provide a better understating of the impact of such interventions.


Subject(s)
Mobile Applications , Occupational Health , Sedentary Behavior , Telemedicine , Workplace , Exercise , Humans , Sitting Position
13.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth ; 8(8): e15338, 2020 08 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32459625

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Replacing occupational sitting time with active tasks has several proposed health benefits for office employees. Mobile phones and motion sensors can provide objective information in real time on occupational sitting behavior. However, the validity and feasibility of using mobile health (mHealth) devices to quantify and modify occupational sedentary time is unclear. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to validate the new Walk@Work-Application (W@W-App)-including an external motion sensor (MetaWearC) attached to the thigh-for measuring occupational sitting, standing, and stepping in free-living conditions against the activPAL3M, the current gold-standard, device-based measure for postural behaviors. METHODS: In total, 20 office workers (16 [80%] females; mean age 39.5, SD 8.1 years) downloaded the W@W-App to their mobile phones, wore a MetaWearC sensor attached to their thigh using a tailored band, and wore the activPAL3M for 3-8 consecutive working hours. Differences between both measures were examined using paired-samples t tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Agreement between measures was examined using concordance correlation coefficients (CCCs), 95% CIs, Bland-Altman plots (mean bias, 95% limits of agreement [LoA]), and equivalence testing techniques. RESULTS: The median recording time for the W@W-App+MetaWearC and the activPAL3M was 237.5 (SD 132.8) minutes and 240.0 (SD 127.5) minutes, respectively (P<.001). No significant differences between sitting (P=.53), standing (P=.12), and stepping times (P=.61) were identified. The CCC identified substantial agreement between both measures for sitting (CCC=0.98, 95% CI 0.96-0.99), moderate agreement for standing (CCC=0.93, 95% CI 0.81-0.97), and poor agreement for stepping (CCC=0.74, 95% CI 0.47-0.88). Bland-Altman plots indicated that sitting time (mean bias -1.66 minutes, 95% LoA -30.37 to 20.05) and standing time (mean bias -4.85 minutes, 95% LoA -31.31 to 21.62) were underreported. For stepping time, a positive mean bias of 1.15 minutes (95% LoA -15.11 to 17.41) was identified. Equivalence testing demonstrated that the estimates obtained from the W@W-App+MetaWearC and the activPAL3M were considered equivalent for all variables excluding stepping time. CONCLUSIONS: The W@W-App+MetaWearC is a low-cost tool with acceptable levels of accuracy that can objectively quantify occupational sitting, standing, stationary, and upright times in real time. Due to the availability of real-time feedback for users, this tool can positively influence occupational sitting behaviors in future interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04092738; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04092738.


Subject(s)
Mobile Applications , Sitting Position , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Sedentary Behavior , Walking , Workplace
14.
J Sports Sci ; 38(13): 1566-1574, 2020 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32279592

ABSTRACT

This study examined relationships between physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with state-trait anxiety and stress. State-Trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), psychological stress (Perceived Stress Scale), SB across domains during weekdays and weekends (Last 7-day Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire) and PA intensities (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) were assessed by self-report in 360 undergraduates (44% females, mean age 20.9 ± 2.93 years). A subsample (n = 121; 53.7% females; mean age 20.8 ± 2.6 years) wore an activPALTM to determine total SB, light, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA). Self-reported MVPA was significantly associated with lower trait anxiety and perceived stress, whereas light PA was only associated with lower perceived stress. Weekend total self-reported SB was related to higher trait anxiety and perceived stress levels, while total SB during the week was not. Of all SB domains, only leisure SB (screen and non-screen based) was associated with higher trait anxiety and perceived stress. PA attenuated the negative relationships between excessive sitting time and trait anxiety but not perceived stress. No associations were found for monitor-based measures of PA and SB. No associations were found between PA or SB variables with state anxiety. Further research is needed to assess causal and reciprocal relationships between PA, SB and mental health in college students.


Subject(s)
Exercise/psychology , Sedentary Behavior , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Students/psychology , Adolescent , Anxiety/etiology , Anxiety/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Fitness Trackers , Humans , Male , Self Report , Sitting Position , Stress, Psychological/etiology , Young Adult
15.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 55(2): 98-106, mar.-abr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-199853

ABSTRACT

La actividad física (AF) puede mejorar la funcionalidad en las personas mayores de 65 años. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de intervenciones de ejercicio de intensidad suave en la salud funcional y la calidad vida de estas personas. Se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos WOS (n=20), Scopus (n=235), PubMed (n=15) y PEDro (n=20). Ocho estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se evaluaron 619 sujetos con un rango de edad entre 60-103 años. Las intervenciones incluyeron ejercicios de resistencia, aeróbicos y de vibración. Aquellos que usaron podómetros, llamadas telefónicas y controles de seguimiento mostraron efectos positivos en el aumento de la actividad física. Cinco estudios evaluaron la fuerza y mostraron que al aumentar la fuerza se mejoraba también el equilibrio y la velocidad de la marcha. Los resultados indican que aplicar intervenciones de actividad física de intensidad suave es una garantía de mejora en la salud funcional y la calidad de vida en la gente mayor


Physical activity can improve function in people over 65. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of mild intensity exercise interventions on the functional health and quality of life of this population. A systematic review was conducted using WOS (n=20), Scopus (n=235), PubMed (n=15), and PEDro (n=20) databases. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Six hundred and nineteen subjects with an age range of 60-103 years were evaluated. Interventions included endurance, aerobic, and vibration exercises. Those who used pedometers, telephone calls and follow-up controls showed positive effects in increasing physical activity. Five studies evaluated strength and showed that increasing strength also improved balance and walking speed. The results indicate that applying mild intensity physical activity interventions is a way of ensuring improved functional health and quality of life in older people


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Motor Activity/physiology , Aging/physiology , Quality of Life
16.
Eur J Public Health ; 30(1): 150-157, 2020 02 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30793737

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although people with severe mental illness (SMI) show high sedentary behaviour (SB) levels, there is little research on how SB patterns influence health and which type of intervention is the most critical for reducing this behaviour. The aims of this study are to examine associations between SB and physical and mental health in people with SMI; and the extent to which physical activity interventions may effectively reduce SB. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Experimental and observational studies were searched in Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, CINHAL and Scopus up to June 2018. Eighteen studies (n = 15 observational; n = 3 experimental) met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Both subjective and objective measurements for SB (an average of 8.5 and 10 h day-1, respectively) were positively associated with an increased cardiovascular and metabolic risk, worse global functioning, less quality of life, more severity of depressive symptoms, longer illness duration and higher doses of antipsychotic medication. Regarding intervention studies, active-lifestyle interventions (n = 2) reduced sedentary time (1.7-2.4 h day-1) while structured exercise (n = 1) reported no changes on SB. CONCLUSIONS: Levels of sedentariness in people with SMI are linked to an increased physical health risk, worse wellbeing and poorer mental health. Active-lifestyle interventions may be an indicated approach to reduce SB of people with SMI. However, a limited number of studies, their mixed quality and the heterogeneity of health outcomes made it difficult to provide robust conclusions on SB effects in people with SMI.Study protocol was registered to PROSPERO (CRD42017067592).


Subject(s)
Mental Disorders , Sedentary Behavior , Exercise , Humans , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Quality of Life
17.
Physiol Behav ; 215: 112786, 2020 03 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31863856

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Physical exercise represents the cornerstone in the treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is not clear how different physical exercise intensities might affect the drop-out ratio. The aim of this review is to examine the extent to which exercise interventions impact dropout risk in patients with, or at risk of, T2DM. METHODS: A Systematic review and meta-analysis of dropouts to aerobic exercise training interventions of varying intensity were conducted. Randomized controlled trials with exercise interventions on patients with, or at risk of, T2DM were included. The intervention had to last a minimum of three months and the studies had to include at least two groups (moderate- vs high-intensity exercise). RESULTS: Twenty-three studies were selected for both systematic revision and meta-analysis. Although no difference between intensities groups have been seen (OR 1,12 [CI95% 0,85-1,47] p = 0,41), high intensity exercise training has a higher dropout risk than moderate exercise when both are conducted over a similar time period (OR 1,81 [CI95% 1,12-2,91] p=0,01). CONCLUSION: It seems that high-intensity protocols did not decrease drop-out ratio. Although high-intensities are more time efficient than moderate intensities, the difficult to carry on the exercise might also become a barrier to take into consideration. Further research is needed to explore barriers and enablers to better understand patients' participation.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Exercise Therapy/methods , High-Intensity Interval Training/methods , Patient Dropouts/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Patient Compliance
18.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 55(2): 98-106, 2020.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31883638

ABSTRACT

Physical activity can improve function in people over 65. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of mild intensity exercise interventions on the functional health and quality of life of this population. A systematic review was conducted using WOS (n=20), Scopus (n=235), PubMed (n=15), and PEDro (n=20) databases. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Six hundred and nineteen subjects with an age range of 60-103 years were evaluated. Interventions included endurance, aerobic, and vibration exercises. Those who used pedometers, telephone calls and follow-up controls showed positive effects in increasing physical activity. Five studies evaluated strength and showed that increasing strength also improved balance and walking speed. The results indicate that applying mild intensity physical activity interventions is a way of ensuring improved functional health and quality of life in older people.


Subject(s)
Physical Conditioning, Human/methods , Physical Functional Performance , Quality of Life , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Exercise/physiology , Humans , Middle Aged , Muscle Strength , Postural Balance , Resistance Training/methods , Walking Speed
19.
PLoS One ; 14(5): e0217362, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31141542

ABSTRACT

There are few valid instruments to assess domain-specific sedentary behaviours (SB) among Spanish-speaking populations. This study validated the original English version of the last 7 days SB questionnaire (SIT-Q-7d) into Spanish (Castilian). A total of 151 undergraduates (52% male, 21.19±2.57 yrs.) wore an activPAL3M (AP3M) for 7 days and subsequently completed the Spanish version of the SIT-Q-7d (SIT-Q-7d-Sp). A subsample of 30 participants (70% male, 22.89±1.54 yrs.) simultaneously wore the AP3M and used a domain-log to register the context where the SB occurred. The SIT-Q-7d-Sp differed significantly from the AP3M, overestimating sitting time by an average of 60.69 mins.d-1 (all p<0.016). No significant differences were observed between the two measures for weekend total sitting time. The SIT-Q-7d-Sp did not differ significantly from the AP3M +Log for meal, work, and transportation-based sitting time (all p>0.016). However, screen-based and other leisure-based sitting activities were significantly overestimated (ranging from 94.68 mins.d-1 to 234.08 mins.d-1, p<0.001). The SIT-Q-7d-Sp appears to provide acceptable estimates of sitting time during transportation, occupational and meal-based domains. The SIT-Q-7d-Sp is not an appropriate measure of SB when examining total sitting time and leisure-based SB in young adults. For total sitting time and leisure-based SB, the use of objective measures is recommended.


Subject(s)
Psychological Tests/standards , Sedentary Behavior , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Female , Health Behavior/physiology , Humans , Leisure Activities/psychology , Male , Reproducibility of Results , Self Report , Sitting Position , Spain , Young Adult
20.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 32(6): 563-566, nov.-dic. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-174291

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study validated the Walk@Work-Application (W@W-App) for measuring occupational sitting and stepping. Methods: The W@W-App was installed on the smartphones of office-based employees (n=17; 10 women; 26±3 years). A prescribed 1-hour laboratory protocol plus two continuous hours of occupational free-living activities were performed. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) compared mean differences of sitting time and step count measurements between the W@W-App and criterion measures (ActivPAL3TM and SW200Yamax Digi-Walker). Results: During the protocol, agreement between self-paced walking (ICC=0.85) and active working tasks step counts (ICC=0.80) was good. The smallest median difference was for sitting time (1.5seconds). During free-living conditions, sitting time (ICC=0.99) and stepping (ICC=0.92) showed excellent agreement, with a difference of 0.5minutes and 18 steps respectively. Conclusions: The W@W-App provided valid measures for monitoring occupational sedentary patterns in real life conditions; a key issue for increasing awareness and changing occupational sedentariness


Objetivo: Validar la aplicación móvil Walk@Work (W@W-App) para monitorizar los patrones de actividad y sedentarios en el trabajo. Método: W@W-App se instaló en teléfonos móviles de oficinistas (n=17; 10 mujeres; 26±3 años). El tiempo sentado y el número de pasos se midieron mediante un test de laboratorio y bajo condiciones habituales. Las diferencias entre W@W-App y las medidas de referencia (ActivPAL3TM y SW200Yamax Digi-Walker) se compararon mediante coeficientes de correlación intraclase (CCI). Resultados: En el test de laboratorio, los valores de correlación fueron buenos en los pasos realizados a baja intensidad (CCI=0.85-0.80). La menor diferencia de mediana fue para el tiempo sentado (1,5 segundos). En condiciones habituales, el tiempo sentado (CCI=0.99) y los pasos (CCI=0.92) mostraron valores de correlación excelentes, con una diferencia de 0,5 minutos y 18 pasos. Conclusiones: W@W-App proporciona medidas válidas para la monitorización de patrones sedentarios en el trabajo; aspecto clave para modificar el sedentarismo en las oficinas


Subject(s)
Humans , Exercise/physiology , Sedentary Behavior , Monitoring, Physiologic/methods , Walking/physiology , Mobile Applications , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted/instrumentation , Workplace/statistics & numerical data , Health Promotion/methods
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