Ativação dos músculos do powerhouse durante os exercícios leg-circle do pilates realizados no solo e em equipamentos / Activación de los músculos de powerhouse durante los ejercicios leg-circle de pilates realizados en el suelo yen máquinas / Powerhouse muscle activation during pilates leg-circle exercises performed on mat and devices

Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi testar a capacidade dos exercícios leg-circle para ativar os músculos do powerhouse. Método: a amostra foi composta por onze instrutoras de Pilates com pelo menos seis meses de experiência. A eletromiografia (EMG) dos músculos retoabdominal, oblíquo interno, oblíquo externo e multífido foi registrada. Os dados EMG foram coletados durante a realização de 10 repetições do exercício leg-circle bilateralmente no Reformer e no Cadillac, e 10 repetições executadas unilateralmente no Mat com os membros inferiores direito e esquerdo (um total de 40 repetições). Como os dados não eram normais, foi realizada a ANOVA de Friedman. Os testes post-hoc de Wilcoxon foram realizados com a correção de Bonferroni (p 0.008). ˂ 0.008). Resultados: Quando comparados os músculos em um mesmo aparelho, o reto abdominal e o multífido tiverem sempre os menores níveis de ativação, não sendo diferentes entre si em nenhum dos aparelhos. O obliquo externo sempre foi o músculo com maior nível de ativação, independente do aparelho. Quando comparados os aparelhos para um mesmo músculo, houve diferenças significativas no reto abdominal [χ² (3) = 26.89, p <0.001] e no oblíquo ² (3) = 26.89, p <0.001] e no oblíquoχ² (3) = 26.89, p <0.001] e no oblíquo interno [χ² (3) = 26.89, p <0.001] e no oblíquo ² (3) = 27.44, p <0.001], onde a ativação elétrica foi maior nos exercícios realizados no χ² (3) = 26.89, p <0.001] e no oblíquoMat em comparação com aqueles realizados no Cadillac ou Reformer. Em contrapartida, não houve diferença entre os exercícios quanto à ativação dos músculos oblíquos externos ou multífidos. Conclusão: A maior ativação ocorreu no obliquo externo, independente do aparelho analisado. Os exercícios realizados no solo tiveram maior ativação doreto abdominal e do obliquo interno comparativamente aos exercícios realizados nos aparelhos.(AU)

Objetivo: el objetivo del presente estudio es probar la capacidad de los ejercicios leg-circle para activar los músculos de powerhouse. Método: la muestra está formada por once instructores de Pilates con al menos seis meses de experiencia. Se registró la electromiografía (EMG) de los músculos recto del abdomen, oblicuo interno, oblicuo externo y multífidos. Los datos de EMG se recopilaron durante 10 repeticiones del ejercicio de leg-circle bilateralmente en el Reformer y en el Cadillac, y 10 repeticiones realizadas unilateralmente en el Mat con las extremidades inferiores derecha e izquierda (un total de 40 repeticiones). Como los datos no eran normales, se realizó el ANOVA de Friedman. Las pruebas post-hoc de Wilcoxon se realizaron con la corrección de Bonferroni (p ˂ 0.05). Resultados: Los resultados revelaron diferencias significativas en el recto abdominal [χ² (3) = 26.89, p <0.001] y en el oblicuo interno [χ² (3) = 27.44, p <0.001], donde la activación eléctrica fue mayor en ejercicios realizados en el Mat en comparación con los realizados en el Cadillac o Reformer. Por otro lado, no hubo diferencia entre los ejercicios en cuanto a la activación de los músculos oblicuos externos o multífidos. Conclusión: los instructores de Pilates pueden usar esta información sobre las características EMG de los ejercicios leg-circle realizados en diferentes dispositivos para calificar el nivel de ejercicio.(AU)

Objective: The goal of the present study was to test the capacity of leg-circle exercises to activate core muscles. Method: The sample comprised eleven female Pilates instructors with at least six months experience. The electromyography (EMG) of the rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, and multifidus muscles was recorded. EMG data were collected during the performance of 10 repetitions ofthe leg-circle exercise bilaterally on the Reformer and on the Cadillac, as well as 10 single leg-circle repetitions performed unilaterally on the Mat with both the right and left lower limbs (a total of 40 repetitions). Since the data were not normal, Friedman ANOVA was conducted. Post-hoc Wilcoxon testswere carried out using the Bonferroni correction (p 0.008). ˂ 0.008). Results: When comparing the muscles in the same device, the rectus abdominis and the multifidus always have the lowest levels of activation and are not different from each other in any of the devices. The external oblique was always the muscle with the highest level of activation, regardless of the device.When comparing the devices in the same muscle, the results revealed significant differences in the rectus abdominis [χ² (3) = 26.89, p <0.001] e no oblíquo ²(3) = 26.89, p < 0.001] and in the χ² (3) = 26.89, p <0.001] e no oblíquointernal oblique [χ² (3) = 26.89, p <0.001] e no oblíquo ²(3) = 27.44, p < 0.001], where the electrical activation was higher in the Mat-based exercises compared to those performed on theχ² (3) = 26.89, p <0.001] e no oblíquo Cadillac or Reformer. By contrast, there was no difference between the exercises regarding activation of the external oblique or multifidus muscles. Conclusion: The greatest activation occurred in the external oblique, regardless of the device analyzed.(AU)

Characterisation of a homogeneous plant aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase.

According to our knowledge, this is the first purification method developed, enabling isolation of a homogeneous aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase (AMADH) from etiolated pea seedlings. The procedure involved initial purification with precipitants followed by three low pressure chromatographic steps. Partially purified enzyme was further subjected to fast protein liquid chromatography on a Mono Q column and to affinity-interaction chromatography on 5'-AMP Sepharose. Purity of the final enzyme preparation was checked by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and chromatofocusing. Pea AMADH exists as a tetramer of 230 kDa in the native state, a molecular mass of one subunit was determined as 57 kDa. The enzyme was found to be an acidic protein with pI 5.4. AMADH showed a broad substrate specificity utilising various aminoaldehydes (C3-C6) as substrates. The best substrate of pea AMADH was 3-aminopropionaldehyde, the enzyme also efficiently oxidised 4-aminobutyraldehyde and omega-guanidinoanalogues of the aminoaldehydes. Pea AMADH was inhibited by SH reagents, several elementary aldehydes and metal-binding agents. Although AMADH did not oxidise betaine aldehyde at all, the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme shows a high degree of homology with those of plant betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases (BADHs) of spinach, sugar beet and amaranth. Several conserved amino acids were found in comparison with BADH from cod liver of known crystal structure.

A study on the reactions of plant copper amine oxidase with C3 and C4 aliphatic diamines.

The paper reports a study on the reactions of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) amine oxidase (GPAO) with several aliphatic diamines. The influence of the chain length and of unsaturations in the molecules was examined. Kinetic measurements confirmed that trans-, i.e., (E)-2-butene-1,4-diamine (TDABE) and cis-, i.e., (Z)-2-butene-1,4-diamine (CDABE) could be classified as good substrates. Propane-1,3-diamine (DAP) and propene-1,3-diamine (DAPE) were only weakly oxidized, whereas 1,3-diamino-2-propanol (DAPL) was not utilized as a substrate. Contrary to the inactivator 2-butyne-1,4-diamine (DABI), DAPE was shown to be only a competitive inhibitor. DAP itself did not inhibit the catalytic activity. Irreversible inhibition of the activity occurred only after the incubation of GPAO with DABI; other diamines were without this effect. Differential pulse polarography and chromatofocusing confirmed that the aminoaldehyde product of DABI oxidation binds to the enzyme. Activity assay of pea aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase enabled us to detect the products of the oxidation of TDABE, CDABE, and DAP by GPAO. As the product of DAP oxidation, 3-amino-propanal (APAL) was detected by mass spectrometry and confirmed to be a potent noncompetitive inhibitor of GPAO. The absorption changes that occurred in the course of the reaction of GPAO with the diamines were investigated using rapid-scanning spectrophotometry. DABI, TDABE, CDABE, DAP, and DAPE reacted with GPAO providing characteristic maxima of the Cu(I)-semiquinolamine species that is formed in the catalytic cycle. The results presented here confirm that with the exception of DAPL, all the studied diamines could be classified as GPAO substrates, but only DABI can be considered as a mechanism-based inhibitor.

Emprego de altas doses de amiodarona via oral na reversão da fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca / High dose amiodarone for the reversion of atrial fibrillation during the postoperative period of cardiac surgery

OBJETIVO - Relatar experiência no emprego de altas doses de amiodarona via oral (1800mg/d) na reversão da fibrilação atrial (FA) em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. MÉTODOS - Analisados, retrospectivamente, 80 pacientes, que apresentaram FA no pós operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, constituindo 2 grupos: grupo A com 28 pacientes em uso de amiodarona e grupo B recebendo digital, sendo que este grupo foi subdividido no grupo C com 21 pacientes onde foi associada amiodarona, quando não houvesse reversão da arritmia em 48h. As diferenças foram consideradas significativas para um valor de P<0,05. RESULTADOS - A FA esteve presente em 19,4 'por cento' dos pacientes operados, com predomínio no sexo masculino e entre 60-69 anos. No grupo A, a reversão ocorreu em 78,6 'por cento' dos casos, grupo B, o digital obteve sucesso em 60 'por cento' das vezes e no grupo C, a taxa de sucesso foi de 90 'por cento'. CONCLUSÄO - O uso de altas doses de amiodarona via oral, isolada ou em combinação com digital pode ser segura e eficaz no tratamento da FA em pós operatório de cirurgia cardíaca.

Disfunção sistólica aguda de ventrículo esquerdo após drenagem de derrame pericárdico / Transient left ventricular systolic dysfunction after pericardial effusion drainage

Paciente com timoma e função sistólica normal do ventrículo esquerdo desenvolveu tamponamento cardíaco, revertido por pericardiocentese. Após quatro dias, foi submetida à exérese do tumor e, em aproximandamente uma semana da drenagem, apresentou disfunção sistólica aguda e grave do ventrículo esquerdo, que melhorou com terapia venosa, normalizando o quadro em três dias.

[Use of high-dose oral amiodarone for the reversion of atrial fibrillation during the postoperative period of cardiac surgery]. / Emprego de altas doses de amiodarona via oral na reversão da fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca.

PURPOSE: To report our experience using high dose oral amiodarone (1,800 mg/day) for the reversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm in patients submitted to cardiac surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 80 patients who had atrial fibrillation during the postoperative period after cardiac surgery, initially divided in two groups: group A, 28 patients that used amiodarone, and group B composed of patients receiving digoxin. The latter group was divided further in a third group (C), with 21 patients in which amiodarone was associated with digoxin if there was no reversion of the arrhythmia after 48 hours of treatment. The observed differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Atrial fibrillation occurred in 19.4% of the patients submitted to surgery, predominating in males, 60 to 69 years-old. In group A there was reversion to sinus rhythm in 78.6% of the cases. In group B digoxin succeeded in 60%, and in group C 90% of the patients reverted to sinus rhythm. CONCLUSION: High dose oral amiodarone, alone or combined to digoxin, can be safe and effective for the treatment of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.

[Acute left ventricular systolic dysfunction after pericardial effusion drainage]. / Disfunção sistólica aguda de ventrículo esquerdo após drenagem de derrame pericárdico.

A patient with a thymoma and initially normal ventricular systolic function developed cardiac tamponade, which was relieved by pericardiocentesis. After four days, the tumor was removed and, one week after the relief of tamponade, she developed severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction, that recovered in three days with venous therapy.

Curvularia lunata peritonitis complicating peritoneal dialysis.

A case of peritonitis due to Curvularia lunata during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is reported. Diagnosis was established by culture of dialysis effluent and peritoneal exudate, and was also confirmed through histological examination.

Autosensitization to DNA.

The spontaneous occurrence of widespread ecchymoses in a patient not exhibiting coagulopathy leads to a spectrum of differential diagnoses including amyloidosis, anaphylactoid purpura, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, autoerythrocyte sensitization and autosensitization to DNA (11). This paper reports on a patient exhibiting the characteristic clinical findings and skin reactivity indicative of DNA autosensitization. The syndrome will be discussed briefly with particular reference to the differential diagnosis to autoerythrocyte sensitization.

[Roads in the phantasms of psychotic children]. / Les routes dans les fantasmes des enfants psychotiques

The authors have previously analyzed themes such as 'the rails', 'the sun', 'the house' in the drawings and modellings of very regressed, psychotic children. Here we have 'the roads', another anxiogenous subject. The mental condition of the young patients expresses itself clearly in the way the theme is treated in plastic works, and even in the stage play. The colours used, the entanglement, the importance of cross-roads, and the delirious comments are studied. The image of the roads is changing with progressing success of treatment.