Factores predictivos de toxicidad urinaria y rectal tras radioterapia externa conformada en el cáncer de próstata: correlación de parámetros clínicos, tumorales y dosimétricos con radioterapia radical y postoperatoria / Predictors of urinary and rectal toxicity after external conformed radiation therapy in prostate cancer: Correlation between clinical, tumour and dosimetric parameters and radical and postoperative radiation therapy

Objetivo: Determinar la toxicidad rectal y urinaria tras radioterapia externa (EBRT), valorando resultados de pacientes sometidos a tratamiento radical o postoperatorio por cáncer de próstata y su correlación con potenciales factores de riesgo. Método: Trescientos treinta y tres pacientes tratados con EBRT, 285 radicales y 48 tras cirugía (39 rescate; 9 adyuvante). Se recopilaron variables clínicas, tumorales y dosimétricas a correlacionar con parámetros de toxicidad. Se elaboraron árboles de decisión según el grado de significación estadística. Resultados: La toxicidad aguda severa, tanto urinaria como rectal, fue del 5,4% y del 1,5%, respectivamente. La toxicidad crónica fue del 4,5% y del 2,7%. Veintisiete pacientes presentaron hematuria y 9 rectitis hemorrágica. Veinticinco (7,5%) presentaron secuelas permanentes limitantes. Los pacientes con síntomas del tracto urinario inferior previos a la RT presentaron peor tolerancia, con mayor toxicidad vesical aguda (p = 0,041). Respecto a la toxicidad rectal aguda, pacientes con dosis media en recto > 45 Gy, con tratamiento anticoagulante/antiagregante, desarrollaban un 63% de toxicidad leve frente al 37% de los pacientes con dosis media rectal< 45 Gy y sin anticoagulantes. No se han podido establecer factores predictivos de toxicidad crónica en el análisis multivariable. Las secuelas a largo plazo son más elevadas en los pacientes con cirugías urológicas previas a la RT que siguen tratamiento anticoagulante. Conclusiones: La tolerancia a EBRT es buena y la toxicidad severa poco frecuente. La sintomatología urinaria basal es el factor predictor que más influye en la toxicidad urinaria aguda. La toxicidad rectal se relaciona con la dosis media al recto y con el tratamiento anticoagulante/antiagregante. No existen diferencias significativas en la toxicidad grave entre RT radical y a RT postoperatoria

Objective: To determine rectal and urinary toxicity after external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), assessing the results of patients who undergo radical or postoperative therapy for prostate cancer (pancreatic cancer) and their correlation with potential risk factors. Method: A total of 333 patients were treated with EBRT. Of these, 285 underwent radical therapy and 48 underwent postoperative therapy (39 cases of rescue and 9 of adjuvant therapy). We collected clinical, tumour and dosimetric variable to correlate with toxicity parameters. We developed decision trees based on the degree of statistical significance. Results: The rate of severe acute toxicity, both urinary and rectal, was 5.4% and 1.5%, respectively. The rate of chronic toxicity was 4.5% and 2.7%, respectively. Twenty-seven patients presented haematuria, and 9 presented haemorrhagic rectitis. Twenty-five patients (7.5%) presented permanent limiting sequela. The patients with lower urinary tract symptoms prior to the radiation therapy presented poorer tolerance, with greater acute bladder toxicity (P = 0.041). In terms of acute rectal toxicity, 63% of the patients with mean rectal doses > 45Gy and anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy developed mild toxicity compared with 37% of the patients with mean rectal doses <45 Gy and without anticoagulant therapy. We were unable to establish predictors of chronic toxicity in the multivariate analysis. The long-term sequelae were greater in the patients who underwent urological operations prior to the radiation therapy and who were undergoing anticoagulant therapy. Conclusions: The tolerance to EBRT was good, and severe toxicity was uncommon. Baseline urinary symptoms constitute the predictor that most influenced the acute urinary toxicity. Rectal toxicity is related to the mean rectal dose and with anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy. There were no significant differences in severe toxicity between radical versus postoperative radiation therapy

Phase II trial: concurrent radio-chemotherapy with weekly docetaxel for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck

INTRODUCTION: Standard fractionation radiation therapy (RT) combined with concomitant chemotherapy (CT) based on cisplatin schemes is actually the standard treatment for locally advanced non-resectable squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN). The appearance of taxoids has introduced a new kind of treatment with high antitumoral power. The aim of this study is to add more information about the role of this new approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients with locally advanced non-resectable SCCHN were recruited at six institutions in Spain, between January 2001 and January 2003. Docetaxel was administered weekly, for 6 weeks, concurrently with RT. RESULTS: The mean total delivered dose of RT was 70'2 Gy (range 64-74 Gy). The median and mean duration of time were 63 days and 61 days (range 49-103 days) respectively. After a median time control of 19 months (range 3.3-42.2 months), the response rate was 83.4%. The median time to local progression was 16.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI]=4.4-28.4 months). The median survival time was 26.9 months, with one- and two-year overall survival of 66.9% (95% CI=48.1-85.7%) and 57.5% (95% CI=37.3-77.7%) respectively. The median duration time response was 15.1 months (95% CI=3.7-26.5 months). The median time until treatment failure was 9.4 months (95% CI=4.7-14.1). Incidence of grade III-IV mucositis was 88%, neutropenia 72% and skin toxicity 92% (24% grade III-IV). The incidence of severe late toxicity (grade III and IV) due to RT/CT was 31.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Although therapeutics results are equivalent to cisplatin schemes of concurrent CT-RT, mucositis and cutaneous toxicity registered in this trial must be considered as limiting factors to application of this new approach (AU)

Radioterapia intraoperatoria (electrones) en España: 20 años de implantación asistencial y contribución científica / No disponible

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