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1.
Psicol. educ. (Madr.) ; 29(1): 101-107, Ene. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-215016

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio examinó el efecto de tres intervenciones socioeducativas en estudiantes de Magisterio sobre la reducción del estigma: un juego formativo denominado Stigma-Stop, programa basado en el contacto directo entre estudiantes y pacientes con problemas de salud mental y, en tercer lugar, la emisión de un documental junto con la charla de un profesional. Se contó con la participación de 120 alumnos que cursaban el Grado de Magisterio en Educación Infantil y de Magisterio en Educación Primaria. Se trata así de un un diseño experimental pretest-postest, en el que los participantes se dividieron de manera aleatoria en tres grupos experimentales y un grupo de control. Los resultados mostraron una reducción estadísticamente significativa del grado de estigma entre el pretest y postest en las tres intervenciones, a diferencia del grupo control que se mantuvo estable en ambas mediciones, lo cual implica que las tres intervenciones fueron eficaces en la reducción del estigma, particularmente en la dimensión de peligro y en la puntuación total.(AU)


This study examined the effect of three socio-educational interventions in teacher training students on the reduction of stigma: a serious game called Stigma-Stop, a program based on direct contact between students and people with mental health problems, and the broadcast of a documentary with a talk from a professional. The sample consisted of 120 undergraduates of the Degree in Teaching in Early Childhood Education and the Degree in Teaching in Primary Education of a Spanish university, with a pretest-posttest experimental design, the participants were randomly divided into three experimental groups and a control group. The results show a statistically significant reduction in stigma levels between the pretest and posttest in the three interventions, but not in the control group, which remained stable in both measurements. This showed that the three interventions were effective in reducing stigma, predominantly in the danger dimension and the total score.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Mental Health , Students , Education, Primary and Secondary , Social Learning , Simulation Training , Psychology, Educational , Psychology
2.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 942020 Jan 10.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31919340

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The clinical approach of fibromyalgia is a cause of frustration for some professionals due to the controversy on its diagnosis, etiopathology and clinical management. The aim of this study was to explore the beliefs and knowledge on fibromyalgia among health professionals from different specialties of the public health service from Almería province. METHODS: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. A questionnaire prepared ex profeso was applied to a sample of 103 clinicians from Primary Care Physicians, Mental Health, Internal Medicine and Rheumatology. The chi-square test was performed to explore the relationships among variables. RESULTS: 59.7% of Primary Care providers and 66.7% of Internal Medicine conceptualized fibromyalgia as a somatization. Likewise, 58.9% of Primary Care indicated that fibromyalgia should be considered in no case as a disabling illness, compared to 16.7% from Rheumatology, as well as for 42.5% of them the fibromyalgia diagnosis is not essential, compared to the amount of other specialties. Mood disorders were mentioned by 53.4% of Primary Care as entities from which fibromyalgia is difficult to discriminate. Sleep or gastrointestinal problems were mentioned by 83.3% and 50% of Rheumatology professionals, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of professionals considered fibromyalgia as a psychogenic entity, especially among Internal Medicine and Primary Care, highlighting in the last one a position against the consideration of disability and its difficult differentiation from mood disorders. These latest findings could be explained by beliefs or attitudes on the amplification of pain behaviors and secondary gains. A deeper knowledge on fibromyalgia symptoms from Rheumatology is highlighted. Methodological limitations and recommendations are discussed.


OBJETIVO: El abordaje clínico de la fibromialgia es causa de frustración para algunos profesionales por la controversia en su diagnóstico, etiopatología y manejo clínico. El objetivo del presente estudio fue explorar cuáles son las creencias y conocimientos hacia la fibromialgia por parte de profesionales de distintas especialidades del ámbito público de salud de la provincia de Almería. METODOS: Se trató de un estudio descriptivo y transversal. Se aplicó un cuestionario elaborado ex profeso a una muestra de 103 clínicos de Atención Primaria, Salud Mental, Medicina Interna y Reumatología. Se exploró la relación de las variables mediante la prueba chi-cuadrado. RESULTADOS: El 59,7% de los profesionales de Atención Primaria y el 66,7% de los de Medicina Interna conceptuaron la fibromialgia como una somatización. Asimismo, el 58,9% de los profesionales de Atención Primaria indicó que en ningún caso había de considerarse como una enfermedad discapacitante, en comparación con el 16,7% de los de Reumatología, así como que para el 42,5% no era fundamental su diagnóstico, en comparación a la totalidad en otras especialidades. Los trastornos del ánimo, como entidades de las que resulta difícil de discriminar la fibromialgia, fueron mencionados por el 53,4% de los de Atención Primaria. Los problemas de sueño o problemas gastrointestinales se mencionaron en mayor medida como manifestaciones clínicas entre los de Reumatología (83,3% y 50%, respectivamente). CONCLUSIONES: Un alto porcentaje de profesionales conceptúan la fibromialgia como una entidad psicógena, en especial, profesionales de Medicina Interna y Atención Primaria, destacando en esta última una posición en contra de la consideración de discapacidad y su difícil diferenciación de los trastornos del ánimo. Estos últimos hallazgos podrían explicarse por creencias o actitudes respecto a la amplificación de las conductas del dolor y la obtención de ganancias secundarias. Destacan los conocimientos más profundos de la sintomatología en Reumatología. Se discuten las limitaciones metodológicas y recomendaciones.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Consensus , Dissent and Disputes , Fibromyalgia , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Fibromyalgia/etiology , Fibromyalgia/psychology , Fibromyalgia/therapy , Humans , Internal Medicine , Male , Middle Aged , Primary Health Care , Rheumatology , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 94: 0-0, 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-193574

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: El abordaje clínico de la fibromialgia es causa de frustración para algunos profesionales por la controversia en su diagnóstico, etiopatología y manejo clínico. El objetivo del presente estudio fue explorar cuáles son las creencias y conocimientos hacia la fibromialgia por parte de profesionales de distintas especialidades del ámbito público de salud de la provincia de Almería. METODOS: Se trató de un estudio descriptivo y transversal. Se aplicó un cuestionario elaborado ex profeso a una muestra de 103 clínicos de Atención Primaria, Salud Mental, Medicina Interna y Reumatología. Se exploró la relación de las variables mediante la prueba chi-cuadrado. RESULTADOS: El 59,7% de los profesionales de Atención Primaria y el 66,7% de los de Medicina Interna conceptuaron la fibromialgia como una somatización. Asimismo, el 58,9% de los profesionales de Atención Primaria indicó que en ningún caso había de considerarse como una enfermedad discapacitante, en comparación con el 16,7% de los de Reumatología, así como que para el 42,5% no era fundamental su diagnóstico, en comparación a la totalidad en otras especialidades. Los trastornos del ánimo, como entidades de las que resulta difícil de discriminar la fibromialgia, fueron mencionados por el 53,4% de los de Atención Primaria. Los problemas de sueño o problemas gastrointestinales se mencionaron en mayor medida como manifestaciones clínicas entre los de Reumatología (83,3% y 50%, respectivamente). CONCLUSIONES: Un alto porcentaje de profesionales conceptúan la fibromialgia como una entidad psicógena, en especial, profesionales de Medicina Interna y Atención Primaria, destacando en esta última una posición en contra de la consideración de discapacidad y su difícil diferenciación de los trastornos del ánimo. Estos últimos hallazgos podrían explicarse por creencias o actitudes respecto a la amplificación de las conductas del dolor y la obtención de ganancias secundarias. Destacan los conocimientos más profundos de la sintomatología en Reumatología. Se discuten las limitaciones metodológicas y recomendaciones


OBJECTIVE: The clinical approach of fibromyalgia is a cause of frustration for some professionals due to the controversy on its diagnosis, etiopathology and clinical management. The aim of this study was to explore the beliefs and knowledge on fibromyalgia among health professionals from different specialties of the public health service from Almería province. METHODS: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. A questionnaire prepared ex profeso was applied to a sample of 103 clinicians from Primary Care Physicians, Mental Health, Internal Medicine and Rheumatology. The chi-square test was performed to explore the relationships among variables. RESULTS: 59.7% of Primary Care providers and 66.7% of Internal Medicine conceptualized fibromyalgia as a somatization. Likewise, 58.9% of Primary Care indicated that fibromyalgia should be considered in no case as a disabling illness, compared to 16.7% from Rheumatology, as well as for 42.5% of them the fibromyalgia diagnosis is not essential, compared to the amount of other specialties. Mood disorders were mentioned by 53.4% of Primary Care as entities from which fibromyalgia is difficult to discriminate. Sleep or gastrointestinal problems were mentioned by 83.3% and 50% of Rheumatology professionals, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of professionals considered fibromyalgia as a psychogenic entity, especially among Internal Medicine and Primary Care, highlighting in the last one a position against the consideration of disability and its difficult differentiation from mood disorders. These latest findings could be explained by beliefs or attitudes on the amplification of pain behaviors and secondary gains. A deeper knowledge on fibromyalgia symptoms from Rheumatology is highlighted. Methodological limitations and recommendations are discussed


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Chronic Pain/diagnosis , Pain Management/methods , Fibromyalgia/psychology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care , Spain/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Care Surveys/statistics & numerical data
4.
PLoS One ; 14(8): e0221461, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31430325

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a trainer's interpersonal relations from the perspective of autonomy support and controlling style on sportspeople's basic need satisfaction and frustration, motivation, and resilience. The study used a cross-sectional design based on self-determination theory (SDT). Sportspeople (N = 324) completed questionnaires to measure their perceptions of trainers' autonomy-supportive and controlling coaching styles, basic need satisfaction and frustration in the sports context, motivation for sport, and resilience. Structural equation modeling of the proposed relations among variables supported SDT by showing a positive relation between perceived autonomy support and the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (ß = .39, p < .001) and a negative relation with the frustration of psychological needs (ß = -.17, p < .05). The coach's perceived interpersonal controlling style showed a positive relation with the frustration of psychological needs (ß = .55, p < .001) and a negative relation with the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (ß = -.27, p < .05). Furthermore, autonomous motivation showed a negative relation (ß = -.46, p < .001) with the frustration of psychological needs and a positive relation (ß = .35, p < .05) with the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and resilience (ß = .60, p < .001). In addition, the resilience of sportspeople was indirectly affected to the same extent by the trainer's influence through control (ß = -.38, p < .05) and perception of autonomy support (ß = .16, p < .05) through the mediators of satisfaction of basic psychological needs and motivation. These results show the influence of the coach on the motivation and resilience of sportspeople.


Subject(s)
Models, Theoretical , Motivation , Personal Autonomy , Resilience, Psychological , Sports/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult
5.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 24(2): 289-295, 2015. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-139899

ABSTRACT

Los trastornos del sueño suponen una importante patología clínica, por lo que adoptar hábitos saludables al dormir resulta clave para la calidad del sueño y de la vida. Por ello existe gran interés por adoptar medidas que prevengan sus efectos adversos, especialmente durante la vejez, destacando principalmente los programas de actividad física porque facilitan la activación de las estructuras cognoscitivas de los sujetos, aumentando su nivel de actividad, calidad de vida e higiene del sueño. Partiendo de dichas argumentaciones, se pretende comprobar, mediante un estudio cuasiexperimental, si una intervención con diferentes programas de actividad física puede producir cambios significativos en diversas variables relacionadas con la calidad del sueño en sujetos mayores de 55 años. Los resultados resaltan la utilidad de los programas de actividad física para mejorar su calidad del sueño. Se hace necesario investigar si invertir en este tipo de programas que favorecen la prevención y el mantenimiento de la salud y la calidad de vida de la persona, es más rentable que invertir en servicios sanitarios


Sleeping disorders are an important clinical pathology, but adopting healthy habits proves to be beneficial towards improving both quality of sleep and life. Consequently, there exists a great deal of interest in implementing measures that prevent the adverse effects of such disorders, particularly those that appear with old age. Most notable among these measures are physical fitness programs, as they facilitate the activation of cognitive structures among participants, increasing their level of activity, quality of life, and sleep hygiene. Taking these ideas as a starting point, it was the intention of the authors to verify, by means of a quasi-experimental study, whether the application of different physical fitness programs is able to produce significant changes in the different variables related to the quality of sleep among subjects over 55 years of age. The results highlight the usefulness of physical fitness programs for improving quality of sleep hygiene. As a result, this makes it necessary to evaluate whether investing in these types of programs, which favor the prevention of health problems and maintain overall health and quality of life among people, are more profitable than investing in healthcare services


Os transtornos do sono supõem uma importante patologia clínica, pelo que adoptar hábitos saudáveis ao dormir é de vital importância paraa qualidade do sono e da vida. Como tal, existe um grande interesse na adopção de medidas que previnam os seus efeitos adversos, especialmente durantea velhice, com principal destaque para os programas de actividade física uma vez que facilitam a activação das estruturas cognitivas dos sujeitos,aumentando o seu nível de actividade, qualidade de vida e higiene do sono. Partindo destes argumentos, pretende-se comprovar, mediante um estudoquase-experimental, se uma intervenção com diferentes programas de actividade física pode produzir mudanças significativas em diversas variáveisrelacionadas com a qualidade do sono em sujeitos maiores de 55 anos. Os resultados enfatizam a utilidade dos programas de actividade física paramelhorar a qualidade de sono. É igualmente necessário investigar se investir neste tipo de programas favorece a prevenção e manutenção da saúde e daqualidade de vida da pessoa, e se é mais rentável que investir em serviços de saúde


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Physical Conditioning, Human/psychology , Exercise/psychology , Sleep/physiology , Quality of Life , Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies
6.
Int. j. psychol. psychol. ther. (Ed. impr.) ; 14(3): 445-458, oct. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-127625

ABSTRACT

Depression is widely prevalent in nursing home residents. However, this population remain unobserved and undertreated. This pilot study explored the applicability and efficacy of a brief ACT-based protocol to three elderly residents, aged 65 to 83 years, diagnosed with dysthymic disorder and recurrent depressive disorder. Measures of psychological flexibility, value-consistent behaviour and depressive symptomatology were assessed. The results suggest that this brief ACT protocol produced significant increases on value-consistent behaviour in all subjects at 5 and 12 months follow-up. Clinical significant changes were also obtained in improvements in psychological flexibility, value-consistent behaviour and depressive symptomatology scores. This preliminary brief ACT protocol shows an important impact as a therapeutic tool in nursing home residents who present recurrent depressive symptoms. Further research is discussed (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Health of Institutionalized Elderly , Depression/therapy , Health of the Elderly , Attitude to Health
7.
Apuntes psicol ; 32(1): 41-48, 2014. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-142198

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio pretende evaluar la toma de perspectiva en personas con esquizofrenia a través de una tarea de respuesta relacional deíctica y un test de atribución de estados mentales. Participaron doce personas con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia y doce personas sin diagnóstico clínico. Los resultados revelaron la presencia de diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la ejecución de estas tareas. Los efectos de grupo permanecieron significativos tras examinar los posibles efectos del CI. La actuación en la tarea de respuesta relacional deíctica no permitió predecir de manera consistente la ejecución en la tarea de atribución de estados mentales en ambos grupos. Se discuten estos resultados, y se proponen líneas de estudio que supongan un avance hacia la conceptuación de la atribución de estados mentales en términos de la Teoría de los Marcos Relacionales (RFT)


The present study aims to assess perspective taking in people with schizophrenia through a deictic relational response task and a test of mental state attribution. The sample was composed by twelve people diagnosed with schizophrenia and twelve people without clinical diagnosis. The results revealed the presence of statistically significant differences in the execution of these tasks. The effects of group remained significant after considering the possible effects of CI. The acting in the deictic relational response task did not allow consistently predict the performance in the task of mental state attribution in both groups. We discuss these results, and suggests lines of study that advance towards the conceptualization of mental state attribution in terms of Relational Frame Theory (RFT)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Schizophrenic Psychology , Psychological Theory , Behavior/classification , Psychology, Experimental/classification , Psychology, Experimental/methods , Psychology, Experimental/trends , Language , Language Tests/statistics & numerical data
8.
Apuntes psicol ; 30(1/3): 305-310, ene.-dic. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-132437

ABSTRACT

La presente investigación indaga los aspectos clínicos y de la personalidad relacionados con la drogadicción. Para ello se aplicó el Inventario Clínico Multiaxial de Millon (MCMI-II) y se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados obtenidos señalan la presencia de diferentes alteraciones de personalidad relacionadas con un mayor o menor abuso de drogas. Así, los sujetos con una puntuación menor en esta escala, no manifestarían características reseñables, a excepción de componentes antisociales de la personalidad. Sin embargo, los sujetos con una abuso de drogas pronunciado mostrarían una constelación amplia de distintas alteraciones. Se analiza la importancia de estos resultados de cara a la intervención (AU)


This study analyzes clinical and personality aspects related to drug addiction. The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory II (MCMI-II) and a modified Graña (1994) semi-structured interview were employed. The results obtained indicate the presence of several different personality disorders related to different degrees of drug abuse. Subjects with lower scores on this scale did not show noticeable characteristics. except for antisocial elements of the personality. However, the subjects with a greater level of drug abuse did show a wide range of disorders. The importance of these results for intervention is analyzed (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Personality Disorders/epidemiology , Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry)/statistics & numerical data , Substance Abuse Treatment Centers/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Anxiety/epidemiology
9.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 21(1): 125-133, ene.-jun. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-93939

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente estudio se centró en examinar los efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico, basado en la práctica de la natación adaptada, sobre la autoestima, la reducción del peso, el equilibrio y la movilidad articular. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 33 personas dependientes mayores de 60 años. El programa de intervención motriz basado en la práctica de la natación adaptada se aplicó durante ocho meses. Se evaluaron los niveles de autoestima con la Escala de Rosenberg, y las demás variables: peso, equilibrio y movilidad articular, tanto al inicio como a la finalización del programa. Se realizaron diferentes análisis descriptivos e inferenciales que permitieron concluir que se habían obtenido mejoras significativas en autoestima, reducción de peso, optimización del equilibrio y de la movilidad articular. El programa de intervención motriz de natación adaptada ha influido significativamente en la salud y mejora del bienestar de las personas de la muestra (AU)


The purpose of this work was to study the effects of an adapted swimming-based exercise programme on self-esteem, weight reduction, balance and joint mobility. The sample consisted of 33 participants over 60 years of age from Almeria. The adapted swimming-based motor intervention programme was applied for eight months. Levels of self-esteem and the other variables -weight, balance and joint mobility- were assessed with the Rosenberg Scale at the beginning and the end of the programme. Various descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted and it was found that significant improvements had been achieved in self-esteem, weight reduction, optimization of balance and joint mobility. The adapted swimming-based motor intervention programme significantly influenced the health and betterment of the people in the sample (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Middle Aged , Swimming/psychology , Frail Elderly/psychology , Motor Activity , Motor Activity/physiology , Self Concept , Range of Motion, Articular/physiology , Quality of Life/psychology , Swimming/standards , Swimming/trends , Body Image , Statistics, Nonparametric , Postural Balance/physiology
10.
Span J Psychol ; 11(2): 443-52, 2008 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18988430

ABSTRACT

The main aim of the present study is to analyze the opinion of pupils, families and teachers in four European countries (Spain, Hungary, Austria and the Czech Republic) on the prevalence of violent behavior and other problematic aspects related to coexistence in schools, and on the way in which individuals are personally affected by them. For this purpose, a single instrument was used. From the results obtained it emerges, first of all, that there are significant differences depending on who is analyzing the school problems. Generally, families perceive the problems analyzed as less common and feel less affected by them personally. Hungary was considered to be the country with the lowest levels of school violence. Pupils indicate their concern about the high levels of lack of motivation or boredom, whilst teachers are more preoccupied about the serious problems of coexistence, due in particular to the presence or use of weapons and drugs and to intercultural conflicts.


Subject(s)
Attitude , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Parents/psychology , Social Environment , Students/psychology , Teaching , Violence/psychology , Adolescent , Austria , Boredom , Cross-Sectional Studies , Czech Republic , Female , Humans , Hungary , Incidence , Male , Motivation , Social Problems/psychology , Spain , Violence/statistics & numerical data
11.
Span. j. psychol ; 11(2): 443-452, nov. 2008. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-74122

ABSTRACT

The main aim of the present study is to analyze the opinion of pupils, families and teachers in four European countries (Spain, Hungary, Austria and the Czech Republic) on the prevalence of violent behavior and other problematic aspects related to coexistence in schools, and on the way in which individuals are personally affected by them. For this purpose, a single instrument was used. From the results obtained it emerges, first of all, that there are significant differences depending on who is analyzing the school problems. Generally, families perceive the problems analyzed as less common and feel less affected by them personally. Hungary was considered to be the country with the lowest levels of school violence. Pupils indicate their concern about the high levels of lack of motivation or boredom, whilst teachers are more preoccupied about the serious problems of coexistence, due in particular to the presence or use of weapons and drugs and to intercultural conflicts (AU)


El objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar la opinión de alumnos, familias y profesores en cuatro países europeos (España, Hungría, Austria y la República Checa) sobre la prevalencia del comportamiento violento y otros aspectos problemáticos relacionados con la convivencia en la escuela, y sobre la forma en que los individuos se ven afectados personalmente por ellos. Para ello, se empleó un solo instrumento. De los resultados, se observa, primero, que hay diferencias significativas en función de quién analiza los problemas de la escuela. En general, las familias perciben los problemas analizados como menos habituales y se sienten menos afectados por ellos. Hungría se consideró el país con los niveles más bajos de violencia escolar. Los alumnos comentan su preocupación por los altos niveles de falta de motivación o aburrimiento, mientras que los profesores están más preocupados por los problemas serios de convivencia, debidos en particular a la presencia o el uso de armas y drogas y a los conflictos interculturales (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Violence/statistics & numerical data , Schools/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Hungary/epidemiology , Austria/epidemiology , Czech Republic/epidemiology , Spain/epidemiology
12.
Psicol. conduct ; 16(2): 189-205, mayo-ago. 2008. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-115379

ABSTRACT

Los trastornos de personalidad asociados a trastornos del Eje I se han erigido como unos de los principales tópicos actuales en la investigación psicológica. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, comparativo y transversal cuyos objetivos fueron comparar las escalas de personalidad en una muestra clínica de 67 pacientes con TCA frente a un grupo control a través del MCMI-II y analizar la existencia de agregación de estilos de personalidad en función de la topografía del TCA. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la agregación de estilos de personalidad entre grupos clínicos, aunque si respecto al grupo control en la mayoría de las escalas patológicas. Se discute sobre las escalas en las que no se encontró diferencia entre ambos grupos (dependiente, histriónica, narcisista y compulsiva) y sobre la posibilidad de que ello se deba a la influencia de ciertos valores sociales imperantes y por tanto comunes a ambas muestras (AU)


Personality disorders associated to Axis I disorders have become ever-present topics in current psychological research. A descriptive, comparative and transversal study was designed to compare the personality scales in a clinical sample of 67 patients with TCA and a control group by means of the MCMI-II and to analyze the existence of aggregation of styles of personality depending on the topography of the TCA. We did not find significant differences in the aggregation of styles of personality among clinical groups, though differences did appear with regard to the control group in the majority of the pathological scales. we discuss the scales in which no differences were found between both groups (dependent, histrionic, narcissist and compulsive) and the possibility that it should be due to the influence of certain widely accepted social values common to both samples


Subject(s)
Humans , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Personality Assessment , Personality Disorders/psychology , Case-Control Studies , Risk Factors
13.
Apuntes psicol ; 24(1/3): 293-307, 2006.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049831

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo ofrece una revisión de las aplicaciones de la Terapia de Aceptacióny Compromiso (ACT) en sintomatología psicótica. En primer lugar, se presenta brevementela Terapia, sus objetivos, el procedimiento canónico de aplicación y las técnicasmás habituales. Posteriormente se analizan las adaptaciones que sería conveniente teneren cuenta al aplicar ACT a sintomatología psicótica, repasando los resultados habidoshasta la fecha. Así, se exponen los dos ensayos clínicos aleatorizados de ACT con pacientesdiagnosticados de esquizofrenia, que suponen el mayor aval empírico de la Terapia.Igualmente se presentan tres estudios de caso relativos, por este orden, a alucinacionesauditivas, delirios y síntomas psicóticos negativos. Por último, se revisan las afinidadesde ACT con otros enfoques basados en la aceptación de síntomas psicóticos y se proponeun mayor énfasis en las variables sociales por parte de ACT


This paper offers a revision of the research of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy(ACT) in the treatment of psychotic symptoms. First the Therapy is briefly exposed, aswell as its main objectives, the canonical procedure and the more common techniques.Then, the required fittings for adapting ACT to psychotic symptoms are analyzed. Themain empirical evidence of the efficacy of ACT in this field are two controlled randomizedtrials, which are exposed and discussed. Three case-studies relating hallucinations,delusions and negative symptoms are also presented. Lastly, similarities between ACTand other therapeutic acceptance-approaches are exposed. The paper ends proposing amore social emphasis in the application of ACT to psychotic symptoms


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Humans , Affective Symptoms/diagnosis , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Behavioral Symptoms/psychology , Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis , Neurocognitive Disorders/psychology , Schizophrenia/diagnosis , Schizophrenic Psychology , Hallucinations/psychology , Psychotherapy/methods , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Psychotherapy/organization & administration , Psychotherapy/trends
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