Yagé: Crisis de occidente y trabajo espiritual / Yagé: Western crisis and spiritual work

Resumen Introducción: Ante la crisis epistemológica y sistémica que se encuentra en la civilización occidental, el yagé emerge como alternativa que invita a una reponderación axiológica profunda. Asimismo, el ritual del yagé evidencia los límites del conocimiento médico moderno, dando pauta al abordaje transdisciplinario. Por otro lado, se presentan consecuencias de inserción en el libre mercado, implicando problemas de lucro a costa de tradiciones originarias. En este contexto, se explora el concepto «trabajo espiritual¼ como práctica que busca descolocarse del colonialismo mercantil al tiempo que se aleja del modelo médico moderno. Objetivo: Reflexionar la incorporación del ritual de yagé en Occidente y sus posibilidades como alternativa epistemológica y médica. Materiales y métodos: Revisión de artículos de la base de datos especializados Web of Science, con la palabra clave: "ayahuasca". Resultados: Se estructuró la información teniendo en cuenta los aspectos relacionados con: (a) el contexto de incorporación del yagé al occidente, (b) los límites del conocimiento médico moderno y (c) los problemas de inserción al libre mercado. Conclusiones: Se apoya el diagnóstico de la ruptura epistemológica con occidente, pero reconociendo el estado inicial de las investigaciones y la falta de evidencias documentadas para entrar en una etapa más fructífera para el debate.

Abstract Introduction: In the face of epistemological and systemic crisis in Western civilization, yagé emerges as an alternative that invites a deep axiological reponderation. The yagé ritual demonstrates the limits of modern medical knowledge, giving guidance to a transdisciplinary approach. On the other hand, there are consequences of insertion into the free market, involving profit problems at the expense of original traditions. Thus, the concept of "spiritual work" is explored as a practice that seeks to dislodge itself from commercial colonialism while moving away from the modern medical model. Objective: To reflect on the incorporation of the yage ritual in the West and its possibilities as an epistemological and medical alternative. Materials and methods: Review of articles from the specialized Web of Science database, with the keyword: "ayahuasca". Results: The information was structured considering aspects related to: (a) the context of incorporation of yagé into the West, (b) the limits of modern medical knowledge and (c) the problems of insertion into the free market. Conclusions: The diagnosis of the epistemological rupture with the West is supported while recognizing the initial state of the investigations and the lack of documented evidence in order to enter into a more fruitful debate.

Valoración de la ultrasonografía con apoyo power doppler en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda en el Servicio de Emergencia del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo durante Junio-Noviembre del año 2012 / Assessment of ultrasonography with support power doppler in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the Service of Emergency at the National Hospital Dos de Mayo during June-November of 2012

En la emergencia del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo existe un alto índice de pacientes que ingresan por dolor abdominal con sintomatología y signos inespecíficos asociado a resultados de laboratorio inconclusos que en la emergencia enmascaran el cuadro clínico de una verdadera apendicitis aguda por lo que la ultrasonografía aplicada con una técnica adecuada es un soporte válido como método para determinar una conducta terapéutica ante la duda diagnóstica. En el diagnóstico de la apendicitis aguda los métodos imagenológicos como la ultrasonografía más apoyo Power Doppler y la tomografía resultan eficaces desde su introducción para determinar hallazgos relacionados a esta entidad. La ultrasonografía a la cual nos referimos está basada en la representación acústica reflejada a partir de distintas interfaces corporales y es fundamentalmente uno de los métodos imagenológicos más utilizados en la actualidad. El examen ultrasonográfico se realiza de forma rápida, no requiere preparación y examina todo el abdomen, y por tanto, identifica o excluye diagnósticos alternos que expliquen los síntomas del paciente. La exploración de la fosa ilíaca derecha, incluye la compresión graduada suave con la que desplazan o comprimen asas llenas de gas que interfieran con el examen y permite la valoración del punto de máximo dolor. Cuando el examen con escala de grises es equívoco, puede recurrirse al Power Doppler que demuestra aumento de la vascularización en las paredes del apéndice inflamado en fases no complicadas y ausencia de la misma en fases complicadas. El éxito en el hallazgo ecográfico y de los signos que caracterizan a la apendicitis aguda depende además de la experiencia y conocimiento del operador, de un exhaustivo y paciente análisis de la zona a explorar. En el presente estudio se determinó la sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo de la ultrasonografía con apoyo Power Doppler en el diagnóstico de la apendicitis aguda en la sala de emergencia el Hospital...

In the Emergency at the Hospital Dos de Mayo there is a high rate of patients admitted for abdominal pain with symptomatology and symptoms nonspecific associated with non-contributory laboratory results in the emergency mask the clinical picture of true appendicitis so the ultrasound applied with proper technique is a valid support as a method for determining a therapeutic approach to the diagnostic uncertainty. In the diagnosis of acute appendicitis imaging methods such as Power Doppler ultrasonography more support and CT are effective since its introduction to determine findings related to this entity. Ultrasonography to which we refer is based on the acoustic representation reflected from different interfaces body and is one of the major imaging methods used today more. Ultrasound examination is done quickly, requires no preparation and examines the entire abdomen, and therefore identifies or excludes alternative diagnoses to explain the patient's symptoms. The exploration of the right iliac fosse including graduated compression soft that move or compress the gas-filled loops that interfere with the test and allows assessment of the point of maximum pain. When the examination is equivocal grayscale, can be appealed to the Power Doppler shows increased vascularity in the walls of the inflamed appendix and uncomplicated stages lack thereof in complicated phases. Successful ultrasound finding and signs that characterize acute appendicitis also depends on the experience and knowledge of the operator, and a thorough analysis of the patient area to explore. In the present study we determined the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of Power Doppler ultrasonography more support in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the emergency room the National Hospital Dos de Mayo, finding a correlation between postoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis vs. the ultrasonography in a population of the 160 cases reviewed, the sensitivity is 86 per cent and...

Age-related increases in parathyroid hormone may be antecedent to both osteoporosis and dementia.

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have reported that age-induced increased parathyroid hormone plasma levels are associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Little is known about the correlation that may exist between neurological processing speed, cognition and bone density in cases of hyperparathyroidism. Thus, we decided to determine if parathyroid hormone levels correlate to processing speed and/or bone density. METHODS: The recruited subjects that met the inclusion criteria (n = 92, age-matched, age 18-90 years, mean = 58.85, SD = 15.47) were evaluated for plasma parathyroid hormone levels and these levels were statistically correlated with event-related P300 potentials. Groups were compared for age, bone density and P300 latency. One-tailed tests were used to ascertain the statistical significance of the correlations. The study groups were categorized and analyzed for differences of parathyroid hormone levels: parathyroid hormone levels <30 (n = 30, mean = 22.7 +/- 5.6 SD) and PTH levels >30 (n = 62, mean = 62.4 +/- 28.3 SD, p 30, which demonstrated greater P300 latency (P300 = 345.7 +/- 3.6 SE, p = .02). Participants with parathyroid hormone values <30 (n = 26) were found to have statistically significantly higher bone density (M = -1.25 +/- .31 SE) than those with parathyroid hormone values >30 (n = 48, M = -1.85 +/- .19 SE, p = .04). CONCLUSION: Our findings of a statistically lower bone density and prolonged P300 in patients with high parathyroid hormone levels may suggest that increased parathyroid hormone levels coupled with prolonged P300 latency may become putative biological markers of both dementia and osteoporosis and warrant intensive investigation.