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1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38878820

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is the most common adult-onset focal facial dystonia and its treatment of choice is periodic application of botulinum toxin (BtA). It has a higher incidence in middle and late adulthood, especially in women between 40 and 60 years of age. OBJECTIVE: To carry out the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the CDQ24 questionnaire in its Spanish version in patients diagnosed with BEB who have been treated with BtA in an ophthalmologic center in Bogotá - Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pilot test of validation study and adaptation of a scale assembled in a prospective cohort of the CDQ24 instrument to Spanish in adult patients with primary blepharospasm treated with botulinum toxin in Bogota, Colombia. RESULTS: We obtained a sample of 26 patients to whom the instrument was applied after translation and retranslation of the original document, composed of 19 (73%) women with a median age of 64.5 years; the average time to answer the survey was 4.93 min. The internal consistency of the scale evaluated by Cronbach's Alpha had a total score of 0.78. Criterion validity between the CDQ24 scale and the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life scale was determined by determining correlation between the Emotional Well-Being and Phsychological domains of both scales. CONCLUSIONS: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the CDQ-24 scale into Spanish allowed the applicability of the instrument to the Spanish-speaking population during the pilot test, which allows us to continue the relevant studies in the study population.

2.
Nanomaterials (Basel) ; 13(3)2023 Jan 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36770509

ABSTRACT

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have aroused great interest for applications as fungicides in agriculture. This study reports the synthesis of AgNPs by green chemistry using silver nitrate (AgNO3) as the precursor agent and a coriander leaf extract as the reducing agent and surfactant. The evaluation of their antifungal properties was carried out when placed in contact with Fusarium solani and Rhizopus stolonifer phytopathogens. The extract and AgNP characterizations were performed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The evaluation of antifungal properties was carried out by exposing the phytopathogens to different concentrations of AgNPs in PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar). It was found that it was possible to identify the presence of flavones and flavonoids in the extract, compounds that were also involved in the synthesis process of AgNPs. In addition, the UV-Vis analysis of the obtained AgNPs by green chemistry showed resonance peaks at around 428 nm. Furthermore, a high distribution of AgNP sizes, with high concentrations of below 100 nm, was identified, according to DLS measurements. Using SEM images, the information provided by DLS was confirmed, and a crystallite size of 29.24 nm was determined with the help of XRD measurements. Finally, when exposing the phytopathogens to the action of AgNPs, it was concluded that, at a concentration of 1 mg/mL AgNPs, their growth was totally inhibited.

6.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 56(3): 237-242, Jul - Sep 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-204914

ABSTRACT

En personas con amputación transtibial unilateral (ATU) usualmente se presentan deficiencias en los mecanismos que fundamentan la marcha, posiblemente debido a la ausencia del segmento reseccionado, lo cual impacta la capacidad para ajustar activamente el miembro inferior protetizado. Se incluyeron cinco participantes con ATU, evaluando las fuerzas de reacción desde el piso durante la marcha mediante un sistema integrado BTS GAITLAB. En el miembro inferior sano (MIS) la primera fuerza de pico vertical y la segunda tendieron a ser mayores que en el miembro inferior protetizado (MIP). Tanto las fuerzas de desaceleración como de propulsión fueron menores en esta extremidad, además, se observó variabilidad en las fuerzas mediolaterales. La dependencia para mantener control activo del centro de gravedad durante la marcha desde el MIS se dio probablemente por restricciones mecánicas en el control activo del tobillo y limitaciones para absorber y generar fuerzas que permitan controlar la estabilidad postural durante la marcha desde el MIP.(AU)


Unilateral Transtibial Amputees (UTA) usually present deficiencies in the mechanisms underlying their gait likely because of the absence of the resected segment, thus having an impact on the ability to actively adjust the lower limb prosthesis. Five participants with UTA were evaluated considering the ground reaction forces during gait by using an integrated BTS GAITLAB system. The first and the second vertical peak forces tended to be greater in the Healthy Lower Limb (HLL) than in the Lower Limb prosthesis (LLP). Both the deceleration and propulsion forces were lower in this limb prosthesis, in addition, a variability of the mediolateral force was observed. Maintaining active control of the center of gravity during gait from the HLL was probably due to mechanical restrictions to actively control the ankle and the limitations for force absorption and generation that allow controlling postural stability during gait from the LLP.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Walking Speed , Amputation, Surgical , Amputees , Lower Extremity , Biomechanical Phenomena , Physical Therapy Specialty , Feedback, Sensory , Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
8.
Ind Eng Chem Res ; 61(9): 3457-3473, 2022 Mar 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35300273

ABSTRACT

Herein, the geometric similitude concept is applied to propose a cubic equation that relates surface tension, saturation pressure, and temperature for n-alkanes. The input properties for each fluid are the molecular mass, pressure, temperature, and compressibility factor at the critical point. The model is applied to temperatures below 0.93·T c (critical point temperature). A total of 2429 surface tension values have been selected for 32 n-alkanes. The parameters of the model have been obtained with a fit of the surface tension values for 19 pure n-alkanes that are randomly chosen. Then, it is tested for the other 13 pure n-alkanes and used to predict the surface tension for 11 binary and 4 ternary mixtures. These predictions are compared with the reported experimental data. For pure n-alkanes, the overall absolute average deviation is 2.4%, including the correlation and testing sets. No additional adjustable coefficients are used for mixtures, yielding an overall absolute average deviation of 2.98% for the binary systems and 7.97% for the ternary ones. The results show that the model is accurate enough for predictions and that the highest deviations are due to the lack of agreement in the values of surface tension of pure fluids obtained from different sources.

11.
Rehabilitacion (Madr) ; 56(3): 237-242, 2022.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33832757

ABSTRACT

Unilateral Transtibial Amputees (UTA) usually present deficiencies in the mechanisms underlying their gait likely because of the absence of the resected segment, thus having an impact on the ability to actively adjust the lower limb prosthesis. Five participants with UTA were evaluated considering the ground reaction forces during gait by using an integrated BTS GAITLAB system. The first and the second vertical peak forces tended to be greater in the Healthy Lower Limb (HLL) than in the Lower Limb prosthesis (LLP). Both the deceleration and propulsion forces were lower in this limb prosthesis, in addition, a variability of the mediolateral force was observed. Maintaining active control of the center of gravity during gait from the HLL was probably due to mechanical restrictions to actively control the ankle and the limitations for force absorption and generation that allow controlling postural stability during gait from the LLP.


Subject(s)
Amputees , Artificial Limbs , Amputation, Surgical , Biomechanical Phenomena , Gait , Humans
12.
J Fish Biol ; 92(2): 420-437, 2018 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29235096

ABSTRACT

Stable isotope ratios of C and N in the bone tissue of three different skeletal elements (angular, cleithrum and vertebra) of three fish species from different evolutionary lineages (Clupeiformes, Atheriniformes and Notothenioidei) were determined before (δ13 Cbulk and δ15 Nbulk ) and after demineralization and delipidation (δ13 Cdml and δ15 Ndml ). One of the species had cellular bone and the other two had acellular bone. Results revealed that δ15 N and δ13 C values from different skeletal elements were interchangeable in species with acellular bone, but caution was needed in species with cellular bone, as δ15 N values varied among skeletal elements. Furthermore, δ15 Nbulk values were significantly lower than δ15 Ndml values in the three species, thus suggesting that they are not comparable. This difference is probably because δ15 Nbulk refers to total bone protein and δ15 Ndml to collagen only.


Subject(s)
Bone and Bones/chemistry , Fishes , Animals , Bone Demineralization Technique , Carbon Isotopes/analysis , Lipids/isolation & purification , Nitrogen Isotopes/analysis , Perciformes , Seafood
13.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 36(5): 207-216, sept.-oct. 2014. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-127651

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El cuestionario desarrollado en EE. UU. por Jette et al. se emplea como herramienta para estimar las actitudes, las creencias, los conocimientos y los comportamientos hacia la práctica basada en la evidencia (PBE). Este instrumento fue adaptado y validado en lengua española por Guerra et al., pero carece de estudios de validez en población hispana. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estimar las propiedades psicométricas, como forma de obtener evidencias de validez del instrumento para el uso propuesto. Método: La muestra se compone de 1.064 fisioterapeutas de Colombia y que completaron la versión on-line del cuestionario. La fiabilidad y la reproducibilidad fueron estimadas mediante el procedimiento alfa de Cronbach, prueba-reprueba con el coeficiente de correlación intra-clase de Lin y el índice de kappa de Cohen, respectivamente. Se aplicó un análisis factorial exploratorio para analizar la estructura factorial. Resultados: El cuestionario ha mostrado a nivel global alta consistencia interna, moderada estabilidad temporal, aceptable reproducibilidad, apropiada validez de constructo y adecuada bondad de ajuste a una estructura unidimensional. El análisis factorial exploratorio identificó 2 factores que explican el 37,953% de la varianza. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos en este cuestionario avalan la utilización de este instrumento con este tipo de muestra, desde el punto de vista de la fiabilidad y la estructura factorial. No obstante, es necesario realizar nuevos estudios que aporten evidencias de validez basadas en la relación con otras variables, para determinar su utilidad como instrumento de prueba que evalúe la PBE


Objective: The questionnaire developed in the U.S by Jette et al. is used as a screening to olto estimate the attitudes, beliefs, knowledge and behaviors toward evidence-based practice(EBP). This instrument was adapted and validated in the Spanish language by Guerra et al., but lacking validity studies in the Hispanic population. This research has aimed to estimate the psychometric properties as a way to obtain evidence on the validity of the instruments for the use proposed. Method: The sample was made up of 1,064 Physiotherapists in Colombia who completed the on-line version of the questionnaire. Its reliability and reproducibility were estimated with Cronbach’s alpha procedure, the test-retest with Lin’ correlation coefficient and Cohen’s kappaindex, respectively. An exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze the factorial structure. Results: The questionnaire has shown global high internal consistency, moderate temporal stability, acceptable reproducibility, and construct validity appropriate. Exploratory factorial analysis identified two factors that account for 37.953% of the variance. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study support the use of this questionnaire for this type of sample from the viewpoint of reliability and factor structure. However, further studies are needed to provide evidence of validity based on the relationship with other variables to determine its usefulness as a questionnaire to evaluate the EBP


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychometrics/instrumentation , Physical Therapy Modalities , Evidence-Based Practice , Reproducibility of Results , Reproducibility of Results , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
14.
Clín. investig. ginecol. obstet. (Ed. impr.) ; 41(2): 66-70, abr.-jun. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-121532

ABSTRACT

La preeclampsia es un síndrome que afecta el sistema cardiovascular, renal, hepático y está asociado a un incremento en la morbimortalidad materno-fetal. Objetivo: Describir el perfil epidemiológico de las pacientes con diagnóstico de preeclampsia que fueron tratadas en una clínica privada de Medellín, entre los años 2005 y 2010. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo en el que se estudiaron las historias clínicas de las pacientes atendidas por preeclampsia en una clínica privada de Medellín, Colombia. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa SPSS, a las variables cuantitativas se les calculó el promedio y la desviación estándar y los valores mínimo y máximo. A las variables cualitativas se les estimó proporciones. Resultados: Se estudiaron 707 mujeres con diagnóstico de preeclampsia. Entre las características más frecuentes se encontraron: primigravidez (50,3%), hipertensión de base (12,4%) y al ingreso cifras de tensión arterial superiores a 140/90 mm Hg (50,4%). Los síntomas asociados a preeclampsia más frecuentes fueron: edema (56,2%), cefalea (47,6%) y epigastralgia severa (26,3%). Las complicaciones de las madres fueron: 10,9% síndrome de hemólisis, enzimas hepáticas elevadas y bajo recuento de plaquetas (HELLP) y la eclampsia (1,8%). El 38,7% de los fetos tuvieron bajo peso al nacer y un 1,7% fueron mortinatos. Conclusión: La preeclampsia se encontró más comúnmente en pacientes primigestantes. La principal complicación fue el síndrome de HELLP, siendo la eclampsia poco frecuente. Es necesario ahondar en estrategias para el diagnóstico temprano y la gestión del perfil de riesgo de cada paciente, evitando así el desarrollo de complicaciones severas y morbimortalidad materno-fetal


Preeclampsia is a syndrome that affects the cardiovascular, renal, and hepatic systems and is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of patients with a diagnosis of preeclampsia who were treated in a private clinic in Medellin between 2005 and 2010. Methodology: We performed a descriptive and retrospective study that reviewed the medical records of patients treated for preeclampsia. The SPSS program was used for the statistical analysis. The means, standard deviation and ranges were calculated for quantitative variables. Proportions were calculated for qualitative variables. Results: A total of 707 women with a diagnosis of preeclampsia were studied. Among the most frequent characteristics were first pregnancy (50.3%), a history of hypertension (12.4%),and blood pressure at admission exceeding 140/90 mmHg (50.4%). The symptoms most frequently associated with preeclampsia were edema (56.2%) and headache (47.6%). Maternal complications consisted of HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count)syndrome in 10.9% and eclampsia (1.8%). A total of 38.7% of the neonates had low birth weight and 1.7% were stillborn. Conclusion: Preeclampsia was most common in patients with a first pregnancy. The main complication was HELLP syndrome, and eclampsia was rare. Therefore, strategies for early diagnosis and for the management of at-risk patients should be developed, thus avoiding the development of severe complications and maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Pre-Eclampsia/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Parity , HELLP Syndrome/epidemiology , Early Diagnosis
16.
An Med Interna ; 24(3): 129-31, 2007 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17590134

ABSTRACT

Acute organophosphate poisoning leads to a cholinergic crisis secondary to an acetylcholine rise, developed by an acetylcholinesterase inhibition. In some cases, after the resolution of the initial cholinergic signs and symptoms, an intermediate syndrome occurs, characterized by a delayed development of proximal and diaphragmatic muscle paralysis. We describe a case of a 67-year-old man who developed an intermediate syndrome after oxydemeton-metryl ingestion in a suicide attempt, despite a continuous pralidoxime infusion. Several hypotheses have been developed to explain the aetiology of this intermediate syndrome (neuromuscular junction dysfunction, inadequate poisoning treatment, late beginning of the oxime administration, etc). Intermediate syndrome manifestation will depend on the organophosphate's organism persistence and its chemical structure, and also on the time elapsed between the poisoning and the antidote administration.


Subject(s)
Antidotes/administration & dosage , Insecticides/poisoning , Organophosphate Poisoning , Organothiophosphorus Compounds/poisoning , Pralidoxime Compounds/administration & dosage , Respiratory Paralysis/chemically induced , Respiratory Paralysis/drug therapy , Aged , Humans , Male , Suicide, Attempted , Treatment Failure
17.
Rev. méd. hondur ; 75(1): 14-20, ene.-mar. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BIMENA | ID: bim-4773

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: determinar la frecuencia, características clínicas e histopatológicas y hallazgos radiológicos asociados a alto grado de malignidad, en los tumores óseos diagnosticados en el Departamento de Patología del Hospital Escuela de Tegucigalpa. MATERIALES Y METODOS: estudio prospectivo, descriptivo, desde junio del 2002 hasta junio del 2005. Se evaluaron 143 casos de biopsias con sospecha de neoplasia ósea. Cada biopsia se examinó con el respectivo estudio radiológico. RESULTADOS: 37% (n=53)fueron tumores malignos primarios, 54.5% (n=78),tumores benignos; 8.3%(n=12) tumores metastásicos. El tumor maligno más frecuente fue el osteosarcoma convencional (45.2%), localizado en la región de la rodilla(80%), predominando entre los 16 y los 30 años de edad. De los tumores benignos, 37 (47.4 %) fueron osteocondromas. De los tumores metastáticos el 58.3% fueron carcinomas (adenocarcinoma y carcinoma de sitio no especificado). Los hallazgos radiológicos más relevantes en los tumores malignos fueron: el patrón apolillado, infiltrativo y geográfico de márgenes indefinidos, con zona de transición corta, y afección apartes blandas. Se encontró una buena concordancia clínica- radiológica. CONCLUSIONES: La frecuencia y características clínicas e histopatológicas de los tumores óseos evaluados en el Departamento de Patología del Hospital Escuela no difieren significativamente de los reportados en la literatura mundial. La presencia radiológica de patrón apolillado, infiltrativo, o geográfico de bordes indefinidos, reacción perióstica, con una zona de transición amplia y afectación de partes blandas debe hacer sospechar la presencia de un tumor óseo maligno...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Neoplasms/diagnosis , Osteosarcoma/diagnosis , Osteosarcoma/pathology , Clinical Diagnosis/diagnosis , Radiology/methods , Biopsy/methods , Carcinoma/diagnosis , Pathology
18.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 24(3): 129-131, mar. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-053964

ABSTRACT

En las intoxicaciones agudas por insecticidas organofosforados se produce un síndrome colinérgico debido a un aumento de la aceticolina a nivel sináptico, como consecuencia de una inhibición de la acetilcolinesterasa. En algunos casos, tras la resolución de la sintomatología colinérgica, se presenta el síndrome intermedio, caracterizado por una parálisis de la musculatura proximal y diafragmática. Describimos el caso de un paciente de 67 años que desarrolla un síndrome intermedio tras la ingestión de una cantidad desconocida de oxidemetón-metilo en un intento de autolisis, a pesar de la infusión continuada de pralidoxima a dosis altas. Diversas hipótesis tratan de explicar la etiología del síndrome intermedio (disfunción de la unión neuromuscular, instauración de un tratamiento inadecuado o de inicio tardío con oximas, entre otras). Asimismo, su manifestación se ve condicionada por la persistencia del insecticida organofosforado en el organismo, su estructura química o el tiempo transcurrido entre la ingestión del tóxico y la administración del antídoto


Acute organophosphate poisoning leads to a cholinergic crisis secondary to an acetylcholine rise, developed by an acetylcholinesterase inhibition. In some cases, after the resolution of the initial cholinergic signs and symptoms, an intermediate syndrome occurs, characterized by a delayed development of proximal and diaphragmatic muscle paralysis. We describe a case of a 67-year-old man who developed an intermediate syndrome after oxydemeton-metryl ingestion in a suicide attempt, despite a continuous pralidoxime infusion. Several hypotheses have been developed to explain the aetiology of this intermediate syndrome (neuromuscular junction dysfunction, inadequate poisoning treatment, late beginning of the oxime administration, etc). Intermediate syndrome manifestation will depend on the organophosphate’s organism persistence and its chemical structure, and also on the time elapsed between the poisoning and the antidote administration


Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Suicide, Attempted , Insecticides, Organophosphate/poisoning , Pralidoxime Compounds/therapeutic use , Poisoning/drug therapy , Respiratory Paralysis/etiology
19.
Rev. méd. hondur ; 75(1): 14-20, ene.-mar. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-476362

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: determinar la frecuencia, características clínicas e histopatológicas y hallazgos radiológicos asociados a alto grado de malignidad, en los tumores óseos diagnosticados en el Departamento de Patología del Hospital Escuela de Tegucigalpa. MATERIALES Y METODOS: estudio prospectivo, descriptivo, desde junio del 2002 hasta junio del 2005. Se evaluaron 143 casos de biopsias con sospecha de neoplasia ósea. Cada biopsia se examinó con el respectivo estudio radiológico. RESULTADOS: 37% (n=53)fueron tumores malignos primarios, 54.5% (n=78),tumores benignos; 8.3%(n=12) tumores metastásicos. El tumor maligno más frecuente fue el osteosarcoma convencional (45.2%), localizado en la región de la rodilla(80%), predominando entre los 16 y los 30 años de edad. De los tumores benignos, 37 (47.4 %) fueron osteocondromas. De los tumores metastáticos el 58.3% fueron carcinomas (adenocarcinoma y carcinoma de sitio no especificado). Los hallazgos radiológicos más relevantes en los tumores malignos fueron: el patrón apolillado, infiltrativo y geográfico de márgenes indefinidos, con zona de transición corta, y afección apartes blandas. Se encontró una buena concordancia clínica- radiológica. CONCLUSIONES: La frecuencia y características clínicas e histopatológicas de los tumores óseos evaluados en el Departamento de Patología del Hospital Escuela no difieren significativamente de los reportados en la literatura mundial. La presencia radiológica de patrón apolillado, infiltrativo, o geográfico de bordes indefinidos, reacción perióstica, con una zona de transición amplia y afectación de partes blandas debe hacer sospechar la presencia de un tumor óseo maligno...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Osteosarcoma , Clinical Diagnosis/diagnosis , Bone Neoplasms/diagnosis , Biopsy/methods , Carcinoma/diagnosis , Pathology , Radiology/methods
20.
Rev. toxicol ; 24(1): 36-41, 2007. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-75356

ABSTRACT

El objetivo fue evaluar los cambios epidemiológicos enlas intoxicaciones agudas (IA) entre 1994 y 2004. Para ello seestudiaron todos los casos atendidos en Urgencias con el diagnósticode intoxicación aguda, mediante un estudio transversal descriptivoanalítico desarrollado en dos períodos de un mes separados por 10 años, y comparando los resultados. Se registraron los datosdemográficos, clínicos y toxicológicos.La prevalencia de IA en Urgencias entre los períodos estudiadosaumentó significativamente (0,83 vs 1,25%) mientras que lahospitalización por esta causa pasó del 30,5% al 6,34%. La edadmedia se mantuvo entre los 32-33 años, así como la relaciónhombre/mujer, que osciló alrededor de 1. No se registraronfallecimientos.Los medicamentos fueron el tóxico más frecuente (51,3% y 62,7%respectivamente) con un aumento debido principalmente a lasbenzodiazepinas (BDZ). Asimismo, el alcohol incrementó supresencia en intoxicaciones múltiples, disminuyendo como agenteúnico. Las admisiones por drogas de abuso experimentaron unretroceso, del 26 al 19%. Los pacientes que recibieron tratamiento dealgún tipo disminuyeron aunque no de forma significativa, del 52,8 al44,4% y, a pesar del aumento de las BDZ, la utilización deflumazenilo varió de un 7% a un 8,5% de los casos. La utilización denaloxona disminuyó a la mitad.Los intentos de suicidio aumentaron el 25%, lo que supuso el 65% deltotal de la IA en el segundo período estudiado. La hospitalización, porel contrario, pasó de un 45% a un 6% en estos pacientes. Losfármacos, y entre ellos los psicotropos, fueron el tóxico másfrecuente, implicados en el 62% y 78% de los intentos de suicidio. Laasociación fármaco y alcohol aumentó de manera significativa (10% vs 22%). El registro de pacientes con antecedentes psiquiátricos seincrementó del 29% al 75%. En el intervalo de 21 a 30 años, elporcentaje de mujeres implicadas es el doble que el de hombres enambos períodos.La prevalencia de la IA experimentó un incremento significativo,paralelamente a los intentos de autolisis; sin embargo los ingresos enunidades de hospitalización, disminuyeron considerablemente tanto en el global de la IA como en los intentos de suicidio. Losmedicamentos, y entre ellos las BDZ fueron el tóxico más frecuente(AU)


The aim was to evaluate the epidemiological changes in the acutepoisonings (AP) between 1994 and 2004. For this purpose, all thecases attended at the Emergency Service with the diagnosis of acutepoisoning were studied, by means of a transverse descriptiveanalytical study developed in two periods of one month separated for 10 years, and comparing the results. The demographic, clinical andtoxicological data were recorded.The acute poisoning's prevalence in the Emergency Service increasedsignificantly (0,83 vs. 1,25%) whereas the hospitalization for thisreason decreased from 30,5% to 6,34%. The average age of our serieswere unchanged, (between 32-33 years) as well as the relation man /woman,that it ranged about 1. No deaths were recorded.Drugs were the most frequent poisoning agent (51,3% and 62,7%respectively) with an increase due principally to the benzodiazepines.Likewise, the alcohol increased its presence in multiple poisonings, diminishing as the only agent. The admissions for drugs of abuseexperienced a setback, from 26 to 19%. The patients who receivedany type of treatment diminished but not in a significant form, from 52,8 to 44,4% and, in spite of the benzodiazepines increase, theutilization of flumazenil changed from 7% to 8,5% of the cases. Theutilization of naloxone diminished to the half.The attempts of suicide increased 25%, which supposed 65% of thewhole of the IA in the second studied period. The hospitalization, onthe contrary, descended from 45% to 6% in these patients. Drugs, andamong them the psychotropes, were the most frequent poisoningagent, implied in 62% and 78% of the suicide attempts. Theassociation drug and alcohol increased in a significant way (10% vs.22%). The patients' record with psychiatric precedents was increasedfrom 29% to 75%. In the age interval from 21 to 30, the percentage ofwomen is twice than that of men in both periods.The prevalencia of the IA experienced a significant increase, parallelto the attempts of autolisis; nevertheless the admission inhospitalization units, diminished both in the global of the IA and inthe suicide attempts. Drugs, and among them the benzodiacepineswere the toxic agent most frequently involved(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Poisoning/complications , Poisoning/diagnosis , Emergencies , Emergency Medicine/methods , Hospitals, University/trends , Hospitals, University , Cross-Sectional Studies , Naloxone/therapeutic use , Autolysis/diagnosis
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