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1.
Biophys Chem ; 151(3): 149-54, 2010 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20619956

ABSTRACT

The varied selectivity of bZIP transcription factors stems from the fact that they are dimers consisting of two not necessarily identical subunits held together by a leucine zipper dimerization domain. Determining their stability is therefore important for understanding the mechanism of formation of these transcription factors. The most widely used approach for this problem consists of observing temperature-induced dissociation of the bZIPs by any means sensitive to their structural changes, particularly optical methods. In calculating thermodynamic characteristics of this process from such data it is usually assumed that it represents a two-state transition. However, scanning micro-calorimetric study of the temperature-induced unfolding/dissociation of the three bZIPs formed by the ATF-2 and c-Jun proteins, i.e. the two homodimers (ATF-2/ATF-2) and (c-Jun/c-Jun) and the heterodimer (ATF-2/c-Jun), showed that this process does not represent a two-state transition, as found previously with the GCN4 homodimeric bZIP protein. This raises doubt about all indirect estimates of bZIP thermodynamic characteristics based on analysis of their optically-observed temperature-induced changes.


Subject(s)
Activating Transcription Factor 2/chemistry , Activating Transcription Factor 2/metabolism , Protein Multimerization , Protein Unfolding , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun/chemistry , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Calorimetry , Fluorescence Polarization , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Protein Structure, Quaternary , Temperature
2.
J Mol Biol ; 396(2): 431-40, 2010 Feb 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19944700

ABSTRACT

The dimer formed by the ATF-2 and c-Jun transcription factors is one of the main components of the human interferon-beta enhanceosome. Although these two transcription factors are able to form two homodimers and one heterodimer, it is mainly the heterodimer that participates in the formation of this enhanceosome, binding specifically to the positive regulatory domain IV (PRDIV) site of the enhancer DNA. To understand this surprising advantage of the heterodimer, we investigated the association of these transcription factors using fragments containing the basic DNA-recognition segment and the basic leucine zipper domain (bZIP). It was found that the probability of forming the hetero-bZIP significantly exceeds the probability of forming homo-bZIPs, and that the hetero-bZIP interacts more strongly with the PRDIV site of the interferon-beta enhancer, especially in the orientation that places the folded ATF-2 basic segment in the upstream half of this asymmetric site. The effect of salt on the formation of the ATF-2/c-Jun dimer and on its ability to bind the target PRDIV site showed that electrostatic interactions between the charged groups of these proteins and with DNA play an essential role in the formation of the asymmetric ATF-2/c-Jun/PRDIV complex.


Subject(s)
Activating Transcription Factor 2/chemistry , Activating Transcription Factor 2/metabolism , DNA/metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun/chemistry , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/chemistry , Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism , DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry , DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Humans , Protein Binding , Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs , Protein Interaction Mapping , Protein Multimerization/physiology , Protein Stability , Transcription Factors/chemistry , Transcription Factors/metabolism
3.
Rev. peru. endocrinol. metab. (Impr.) ; 5(1/2): 37-46, 2002. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1111558

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo se investigó el efecto de iopodato sódico, en 8 sujetos normales y en 21 hipertirodeos con enfermedad de Graves. A los primeros se les administró 3 gramos de iopodato solo por vía oral y a los segundos junto con 30-45 mg fue mertimazol. Posteriormente se determinó la concentración sérica de T4, T3, THS y I, así como también la excreción urinaria de yodo en forma seriada hasta los 45 días después de la administración de este medicamento. Adicionalmente a los estudios hormonales, en los pacientes hipertiroideos se realizó también una evaluación clínica. Utilizando el índice de Crooks, Wayne y Murray (ICWM) y también cardiovascular, antes y durante el tratamiento. En los sujetos normales se observó una caida significativa en los niveles de T3 equivalente al 22 por ciento del valor basal en el primer día y máxima del 35 por ciento al tercer día después de la administración de iopodato, siguiendo luego una curva de recuperación progresiva hasta alcanzar los niveles basales a los 15 días. Los niveles de T4 experimentaron un discreto aumento. Los niveles de TSH también se elevaron significativamente entre el segundo y tercer día. En los pacientes hipertiroideos la respuesta a la administración de iopodato y metimazol fue más marcada, la caída en los niveles de T3 fue 56.7 por ciento al primer día y 60.6 por ciento al tercer día. Los niveles de T4 también sufrieron una disminución progresiva y los valores de TSH se mantuvieron deprimidos durante el periodo de observación. La evolución clínica de los hipertiroideos mostró franca mejoría en estrecha concordancia con los cambios hormonales, en particular con la caída de T3, y en los pacientes con complicaciones cardiovasculares hubo una regresión de la insuficiencia cardiaca y la fibrilación auricular...


Subject(s)
Hyperthyroidism/prevention & control , Ipodate/therapeutic use , Thyroxine/therapeutic use , Triiodothyronine/therapeutic use
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