ABSTRACT
Objetivo: el diagnóstico serológico de las pruebas para sífilis tiene un rango de falsos positivos que varía entre el 1 y 3% en el área del tamizaje de esta enfermedad infecciosa en donantes de sangre. El uso de las pruebas treponémicas y no treponémicas además de la implementación de nuevas técnicas como pruebas automáticas no treponémicas ha variado constantemente buscando mejorar sus parámetros de sensibilidad y especificidad. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la sensibilidad diagnóstica de las pruebas treponémicas y no treponémicas para el tamizaje de sífilis entre los donantes de sangre del Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe. Metodología: estudio observacional de corte transversal en el Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe en realizado entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2014. Se registraron los resultados de 342 pacientes con serología positiva para sífilis por pruebas iniciales de tamizaje treponémica y no treponémicas y se utilizó el FTA-ABS como gold estándar para valoración de la sensibilidad de estas en el escenario de donación de sangre. Resultados: los porcentajes de sensibilidad de las pruebas no treponémicas RPR y la prueba automatizada con sistema Architec fueron respectivamente: sensibilidad 29,3 % (IC 95% 22,9-35,6) y 99,53 (IC 95% 98,39-100). Conclusiones: la prueba treponémica Architect difiere en cuanto sensibilidad en comparación con la prueba no treponémica RPR, en el escenario del tamizaje para sífilis en donantes de sangre la utilización del estándar de referencia permite disminuir la brecha de errores al detectar la enfermedad.
Objective: The serological diagnosis of syphilis has a range of false positives varying from 1 to 3%. The use of treponemal and nontreponemal tests for screening as well as the implementation of automatic methods has been changing constantly in an effort to improve sensitivity and specificity parameters. We assessed the sensitivity for the syphilis screening of treponemal and nontreponemal tests in blood donors at Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional study conducted from January 2012 to December 2014. Results from 342 patients were registered with positive serology by treponemal and nontreponemal tests, using the FTA-ABS as gold standard in the blood donors scenario. Results: The sensitivity percentages of the nontreponemal test RPR and the automatic test Architect were 29.3% (CI 95% 22.9-35.6) and 99.53% (CI 95% 98.39-100), respectively. Conclusion: the Architect treponemal test has a better sensitivity than the nontreponemal test RPR. In the scenario of syphilis screening in blood donors, the treponemal test reduces the mistakes when detecting the infectious disease.
Objetivo: o diagnóstico serológico das provas para sífilis tem uma faixa de falsos positivos que varia entre 1 e 3% na área da triagem desta doença infecciosa em doadores de sangue. O uso das provas treponêmicas e não treponêmicas ademais da implementação de novas técnicas como provas automáticas não treponêmicas há variado constantemente buscando melhorar seus parâmetros de sensibilidade e especificidade. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a sensibilidade diagnóstica das provas treponêmicas e não treponêmicas para a triagem de sífilis entre os doadores de sangue do Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe. Metodologia: estudo observacional de corte transversal no Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe realizado entre janeiro de 2012 e dezembro de 2014. Se registraram os resultados de 342 pacientes com serologia positiva para sífilis por provas iniciais de triagem treponêmica e não treponêmicas e se utilizou o FTA-ABS como gold padrão para valorização da sensibilidade destas no cenário de doação de sangue. Resultados: as porcentagens de sensibilidade das provas não treponémicas RPR e a prova automatizada com sistema Architec foram respectivamente: sensibilidade 29,3 % (IC 95% 22,9-35,6) y 99,53 (IC 95% 98,39-100). Conclusões: a prova treponémica Architect difere em quanto sensibilidade em comparação com a prova não treponémica RPR, no cenário da triagem para sífilis em doadores de sangue a utilização do padrão de referência permite diminuir a brecha de erros ao detectar a doença.
Subject(s)
Syphilis , Blood Donors , Serologic Tests , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Straining of Liquids , Communicable Diseases , Sensitivity and Specificity , DiagnosisABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo del presente estudio era mostrar los resultados clínicos del tratamiento con una rehabilitación fija mediante implantes dentales en pacientes edéntulos totales. MÉTODOS: Veinte pacientes fueron tratados con 248 implantes Galimplant(R) de conexión externa y con superficie arenada y grabada para la rehabilitación fija. Los implantes fueron cargados después de un periodo de cicatrización de 2 meses. El seguimiento clínico fue al menos de 24 meses. RESULTADOS: 145 implantes fueron insertados en el maxilar superior y 103 implantes en la mandíbula. Se realizaron 27 rehabilitaciones fijas, 15 maxilares y 12 mandibulares. El 100% de las prótesis realizadas fueron cementadas. Los hallazgos clínicos indican una supervivencia y éxito de los implantes del 98,4%. Cuatro implantes se perdieron durante el periodo de cicatrización. Después de un periodo medio de carga funcional de 27,3 meses, no ha habido complicaciones tardías. CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio indica que el tratamiento con una rehabilitación fija mediante implantes dentales en pacientes edéntulos constituye una terapéutica con éxito
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to report the clinical outcomes of treatment of edentulous patients with fixed prostheses supported with dental implants. METHODS: 20 patients were treated with 248 Galimplant(R) external connection and sandblasted and acid-etched surface implants for fixed rehabilitation. Implants were loaded after a healing freeloading period of 2 months. The follow-up were at least 24 months. RESULTS: 145 implants were inserted in maxilla and 103 implants in mandible. 27 fixed rehabilitations, 15 maxillary and 12 mandibular were realized. 100% of patients were restored with cemented fixed prostheses. Clinical results indicate a survival and success rate of implants of 98.4%. 4 implants were lost during the healing period. After a mean functioning period of 27.3 months, no late complications were reported. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicate that treatment with fixed protheses by dental implants in edentulous patients constitute a successful treatment
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dental Implants/standards , Dental Implants , Dental Implantation/methods , Jaw, Edentulous/rehabilitation , Jaw, Edentulous/surgery , Wound Healing/physiology , Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic/rehabilitation , Prosthodontics/methods , Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic , Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination/therapeutic use , Ibuprofen/therapeutic use , 28599ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Standard fractionation radiation therapy (RT) combined with concomitant chemotherapy (CT) based on cisplatin schemes is actually the standard treatment for locally advanced non-resectable squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN). The appearance of taxoids has introduced a new kind of treatment with high antitumoral power. The aim of this study is to add more information about the role of this new approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients with locally advanced non-resectable SCCHN were recruited at six institutions in Spain, between January 2001 and January 2003. Docetaxel was administered weekly, for 6 weeks, concurrently with RT. RESULTS: The mean total delivered dose of RT was 70'2 Gy (range 64-74 Gy). The median and mean duration of time were 63 days and 61 days (range 49-103 days) respectively. After a median time control of 19 months (range 3.3-42.2 months), the response rate was 83.4%. The median time to local progression was 16.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI]=4.4-28.4 months). The median survival time was 26.9 months, with one- and two-year overall survival of 66.9% (95% CI=48.1-85.7%) and 57.5% (95% CI=37.3-77.7%) respectively. The median duration time response was 15.1 months (95% CI=3.7-26.5 months). The median time until treatment failure was 9.4 months (95% CI=4.7-14.1). Incidence of grade III-IV mucositis was 88%, neutropenia 72% and skin toxicity 92% (24% grade III-IV). The incidence of severe late toxicity (grade III and IV) due to RT/CT was 31.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Although therapeutics results are equivalent to cisplatin schemes of concurrent CT-RT, mucositis and cutaneous toxicity registered in this trial must be considered as limiting factors to application of this new approach (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy , Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy , Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Taxoids/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/mortality , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Radiotherapy/adverse effectsABSTRACT
La quimioprevención del cáncer es hoy en día una realidad. Se considera de uso clínico asistencial la prevención del cáncer de mama con tamoxifeno, del cáncer escamoso cutáneo con queratitis actínica mediante diclofenaco en gel y en poliposis familiar con el antiinflamatorio inhibidor de ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2) celecoxib. Este último, ha recibido una enorme atención por investigadores de cáncer por lo atractivo de su mecanismo de acción y sus posibilidades de uso clínico futuro en diversas neoplasias. Otros antiinflamatorios como ácido acetilsalicílico o sulindac también tienen un papel probado en quimioprevención del cáncer mediante la inhibición de ciclooxigenasas o de sustancias relacionadas. La revisión de los mecanismos por los que actúan estas sustancias nos da una clara idea de lo que es y lo que será la quimioprevención (AU)
Chemoprevention of cancer is a reality today. Prevention of breast cancer with tamoxifen, of squamous cell skin cancer with actinic keratosis by diclofenac gel and in familial polyposis with anti-inflammatory drug (COX-2) celecoxib is considered of health care clinical use. The latter has received enormous attention by cancer investigators due to the attractiveness of its action mechanism and its possibilities of future clinical use in different neoplasms. Other anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin and sulindac also have a proven role in chemoprevention of cancer by cycloosygenase inhibition or of related substances. The review of the mechanisms by which these substances act gives us a clear idea of what it is and what the chemoprevention will be (AU)
