Which type of forceps is better for nonrotational operative births? A simulation study comparing Thierry spatulas and Simpson-Braun and Kielland forceps.

OBJECTIVE: Obstetric forceps play an important role in safe childbirth, yet there is a lack of distinction between various forceps types in clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate and compare perineal pressure and forces on the baby during nonrotational forceps-assisted births using Simpson-Braun forceps, Kielland forceps, and Thierry spatulas on a simulation model. METHODS: This experimental study involved six obstetricians conducting 108 forceps-assisted births on a simulation model. Instruments were assessed for their impact on perineal pressure, traction force, and operator-assessed difficulty. RESULTS: Thierry's spatulas exerted the lowest force on the baby, while Kielland forceps exhibited the lowest perineal pressure, though not statistically significant. An experienced obstetrician demonstrated less perineal pressure with Simpson forceps. Notably, no significant differences in difficulty were observed between instruments. CONCLUSION: This study highlights distinctions in forceps performance, with Thierry spatulas applying the least force on the fetal head, while an experienced obstetrician fared better with Simpson forceps in terms of perineal pressure. Kielland forceps remain a viable alternative for nonrotational forceps births, showing comparable outcomes.

Immobilization of controlled Pu:Am ratio on actinide-specific affinity monolith support developed in capillary and coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

The objective of this work was to develop an actinide-specific monolithic support in capillary designed to immobilize precise Pu:Am ratios and its coupling to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for immobilized metal affinity chromatography applications. This format offers many advantages, such as reducing the sample amount and waste production, which are of prime importance when dealing with highly active radioelements. Four organic phosphorylated-based monoliths were synthesized in situ through UV photo-polymerization in capillary and characterized. The capillary coupling to ICP-MS was set up in conventional laboratory using Th and Sm as chemical analogues of Pu and Am. A dedicated method was developed to quantify online Th and Sm amounts immobilized on the monolithic capillaries, allowing to select the best monolith candidate poly(BMEP-co-EDMA)adp. By precisely adjusting the elemental composition in the loading solutions and applying the developed quantification method, the controlled immobilization of several Th:Sm molar ratios onto the monolith was successful. Finally, the capillary ICP-MS coupling was transposed in a glove box and by applying the strategy developed to design the monolithic support using Th and Sm, the immobilization of a 10.5 ± 0.2 (RSD = 2.3%, n = 3) Pu:Am molar ratio reflecting Pu ageing over 48 years was achieved in a controlled manner on poly(BMEP-co-EDMA)adp. Hence, the new affinity capillary monolithic support was validated, with only hundred nanograms or less of engaged radioelements and can be further exploited to precisely determine differential interactions of Pu and Am with targeted biomolecules in order to better anticipate the effect of Am on Pu biodistribution.

Comparative Analysis of the Comfort of Children and Adolescents in Digital and Conventional Full-Arch Impression Methods: A Crossover Randomized Trial.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the comfort of children and adolescents with conventional full-arch dental impression methods compared to two intraoral scanners (iTeroTM and PrimescanTM). METHODS: A monocentric, analytical, controlled crossover study was designed to compare conventional impression and digital impression with two intraoral scanners (iTeroTM and PrimescanTM) in children and teenagers. Patient comfort was evaluated using a 100 mm VAS scale adapted to Spanish and for children. A descriptive and analytical statistical method was conducted with a confidence level of 95% (p ≤ 0.05) and asymptotic or bilateral significance. RESULTS: A total of 51 subjects were enrolled in the study (mean age = 12.35 years). Although the group of 10-14-year-olds was the most numerous, gender was equally distributed among the age groups. None of the variables on the VAS scale showed differences between the gender categories (p > 0.05). There were differences (p < 0.05) with respect to the age categories, as the middle adolescent group showed the worst general perception and total comfort during the conventional impression. Statistically significant differences were found between all VAS scale items and the three impression methods (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The digital impression technique is superior in terms of total comfort to the conventional alginate impression in children and adolescents.

Limas rotatorias de uso en Odontopediatría: revisión de la literatura / Rotary files for use in pediatric dentistry: Literature review

Introducción: Los dientes primarios juegan un importante papel en el crecimiento y desarrollo general de los niños, por lo que es necesario conservarlos hasta el momento de su recambio fisiológico. Cuando existe una afectación pulpar que compromete la vitalidad del diente, la pulpectomía se convierte en un reto para el odontopediatra debido a la compleja anatomía radicular de los dientes primarios. En esta revisión bibliográfica se darán a conocer diferentes sistemas de limas usados en odontopediatría, y así brindar una mirada actualizada de la instrumentación rotatoria al realizar pulpectomías en los molares primarios. Material y Método: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed y Web of Science de acuerdo con criterios de inclusión y exclusión previamente establecidos. Resultados: tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión fueron seleccionados un total de 30 referencias bibliográficas de los últimos 15 años. Conclusión: las limas rotatorias pediátricas pueden considerarse alternativas seguras y más eficientes en la realización de pulpectomías en molares primarios, ya que se reduce el tiempo de tratamiento, se produce desbridamiento completo de los conductos y se mantiene la función del diente hasta su exfoliación. (AU)

Introduction: Primary teeth play an important role in the growth and development of children, so it is necessary to keep them until the moment of their physiological replacement. When there is a pulp involvement that compromises the vitality of the tooth, pulpectomy treatment becomes a challenge for the pediatric dentist due to the complex root anatomy of primary teeth. This review of the literature will present different file systems used in primary teeth and provide an updated look at rotary instrumentation when performing pulpectomies on primary molars. Material and Method: a bibliographic search was carried out in Pubmed and Web of Science according to previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 30 bibliographic references from the last 15 years were selected. Conclusion: pediatric rotary files can be considered safe and more efficient alternatives in performing pulpectomies on primary molars, due to treatment time is reduced, complete debridement of the root canals is produced, and tooth function is maintained until exfoliation. (AU)

Técnicas de manejo de conducta en odontopediatría: aspectos éticos y legales / Behavioral management techniques in pediatric dentistry: ethical and legal aspects

Introducción: la profesión odontológica es una actividad orientada al cuidado de personas, entre ellos los niños, que necesitan un cuidado más específico estando en pleno desarrollo físico y emocional. Al trabajar con los niños se tiene que lidiar con la ansiedad con la que el pequeño entra por primera vez a la consulta. Para solucionar este problema, se han descrito diferentes técnicas cuya elección depende de la edad, de las necesidades del paciente y de la habilidad profesional. Estas técnicas se pueden agrupar en tres grupos: técnicas farmacológicas, técnicas comunicativas y técnicas no comunicativas. Objetivo: revisar la evidencia científica sobre los aspectos éticos y legales de las técnicas de manejo de conducta en odontopediatría. Material y método: se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos de PubMed/ Medline, Google Scholar y Scopus de acuerdo a unos criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados: los resultados determinan que el empleo de las técnicas de manejo de conducta disminuye los niveles de ansiedad durante el tratamiento dental. El bajo nivel socioeconómico y educativo, y la utilización frecuente de videojuegos aumentan la ansiedad dental mientras la realización de deporte y una vida saludable la disminuyen. Conclusiones: entre las técnicas de manejo de conducta del paciente pediátrico, las de gestión comunicativa son las más aceptadas por los padres. Aunque no hay ninguna prohibición legal en el uso de técnicas farmacológicas o no comunicativas, estas la mayoría de las veces son rechazadas por los padres. (AU)

Introduction: The dental profession is an activity oriented to the people care, including children, who need more specific care being in full physical and emotional development. When working with children you have to deal with the anxiety with which the child first enters the consultation. To solve this problem, different techniques have been described whose choice depends on the age, patient needs and professional skills. These techniques can be grouped into three groups: pharmacological techniques, communicative techniques and noncommunicative techniques. Objective: To review scientific evidence on the ethical and legal aspects of behavioral management techniques in pediatric dentistry. Material and method: A search was performed in the databases of PubMed/ Medline, Google Scholar y Scopus, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The results determine that the use of behavioral management techniques decreases anxiety levels during dental treatment. The low socioeconomic and educational level and the frequent use of video games increase dental anxiety while the performance of sports and a healthy life decrease it. Conclusions: Among the pediatric patient behavior management techniques, those with communicative management were the most accepted by parents. Although there is no legal prohibition on the use of pharmacological or non-communicative techniques, these are most often rejected by parents. (AU)

Metagenómica salival aplicada en Odontología: revisión bibliográfica / Salivary metagenomics applied in dentistry: Literature review

Introducción: la metagenómica es un campo nuevo en el que se persigue obtener secuencias del genoma de los diferentes microorganismos que componen una comunidad, extrayendo y analizando su ADN de forma global. La posibilidad de secuenciar directamente los genomas de microorganismos sin necesidad de cultivarlos abre nuevas opciones que suponen un cambio de rumbo en la microbiología, sobre todo, teniendo en cuenta que en la cavidad oral sólo el 35% han sido identificadas. La microbiota oral humana es la comunidad de microorganismos comensales, simbióticos y patógenos que se encuentran en la cavidad oral. La saliva juega un papel importante en la determinación de su composición y actividad, siendo bien reconocida como un conjunto de marcadores biológicos, que se puede recolectar fácilmente, de forma no invasiva, indolora y no traumática, por lo que podría ser un sustituto de la sangre en el pronóstico y diagnóstico de enfermedades. Material y método: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed de acuerdo con unos criterios de inclusión y exclusión previamente establecidos. Resultados: fueron seleccionadas un total de 37 referencias bibliográficas entre 2010-2023. Conclusión: el análisis microbiológico de la saliva es una alternativa fácil y no invasiva. La microbiota salival refleja las alteraciones bacterianas locales que se producen en la microbiota subgingival y supragingival. Por ello resulta interesante poder ampliar el conocimiento en el mundo microbiano oral, y poder ayudar a definir con más exactitud la etiología de la caries y periodontitis y así poder avanzar hacia tratamientos preventivos y curativos mucho más eficaces. (AU)

Introduction: Metagenomics is a new field in which the aim is to obtain genome sequences of the different microorganisms that make up a community, extracting and analyzing their DNA globally. The possibility of directly sequencing the genomes of micoorganism, without the need to cultive them, opens up new options that represent a change of direction in microbiology, especially considering that only 35% have been identified in the oral cavity. The human oral microbiota is the community of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms found in the oral cavity. Saliva plays an important role in determining its composition and activity, being well recognized as a set of biological markers, wich can be easily collected and non-invasive, painless and non-traumatic way, so it could be a substitute for blood in the prognosis and diagnosis of diseases. Method: A literature search was carried out in Pubmed according to previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of 37 bibliographic references were selected between 20102023. Conclusion: Microbiological analysis of saliva is an easy and non-invasive alternative. The salivary microbiota reflects the local bacterial alterations that occur in the subgingival and supragingival microbiota. It is therefore interesting to be able to expand knowledge in the oral microbial world, and to be able to help define more accurately the etiology of caries and periodontitis and thus be able to move towards much more effective preventive and curative treatments. (AU)

Limas rotatorias de uso en Odontopediatría: revisión de la literatura / Rotary files for use in pediatric dentistry: Literature review

Introducción: Los dientes primarios juegan un importante papel en el crecimiento y desarrollo general de los niños, por lo que es necesario conservarlos hasta el momento de su recambio fisiológico. Cuando existe una afectación pulpar que compromete la vitalidad del diente, la pulpectomía se convierte en un reto para el odontopediatra debido a la compleja anatomía radicular de los dientes primarios. En esta revisión bibliográfica se darán a conocer diferentes sistemas de limas usados en odontopediatría, y así brindar una mirada actualizada de la instrumentación rotatoria al realizar pulpectomías en los molares primarios. Material y Método: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed y Web of Science de acuerdo con criterios de inclusión y exclusión previamente establecidos. Resultados: tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión fueron seleccionados un total de 30 referencias bibliográficas de los últimos 15 años. Conclusión: las limas rotatorias pediátricas pueden considerarse alternativas seguras y más eficientes en la realización de pulpectomías en molares primarios, ya que se reduce el tiempo de tratamiento, se produce desbridamiento completo de los conductos y se mantiene la función del diente hasta su exfoliación. (AU)

Introduction: Primary teeth play an important role in the growth and development of children, so it is necessary to keep them until the moment of their physiological replacement. When there is a pulp involvement that compromises the vitality of the tooth, pulpectomy treatment becomes a challenge for the pediatric dentist due to the complex root anatomy of primary teeth. This review of the literature will present different file systems used in primary teeth and provide an updated look at rotary instrumentation when performing pulpectomies on primary molars. Material and Method: a bibliographic search was carried out in Pubmed and Web of Science according to previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 30 bibliographic references from the last 15 years were selected. Conclusion: pediatric rotary files can be considered safe and more efficient alternatives in performing pulpectomies on primary molars, due to treatment time is reduced, complete debridement of the root canals is produced, and tooth function is maintained until exfoliation. (AU)

Técnicas de manejo de conducta en odontopediatría: aspectos éticos y legales / Behavioral management techniques in pediatric dentistry: ethical and legal aspects

Introducción: la profesión odontológica es una actividad orientada al cuidado de personas, entre ellos los niños, que necesitan un cuidado más específico estando en pleno desarrollo físico y emocional. Al trabajar con los niños se tiene que lidiar con la ansiedad con la que el pequeño entra por primera vez a la consulta. Para solucionar este problema, se han descrito diferentes técnicas cuya elección depende de la edad, de las necesidades del paciente y de la habilidad profesional. Estas técnicas se pueden agrupar en tres grupos: técnicas farmacológicas, técnicas comunicativas y técnicas no comunicativas. Objetivo: revisar la evidencia científica sobre los aspectos éticos y legales de las técnicas de manejo de conducta en odontopediatría. Material y método: se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos de PubMed/ Medline, Google Scholar y Scopus de acuerdo a unos criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados: los resultados determinan que el empleo de las técnicas de manejo de conducta disminuye los niveles de ansiedad durante el tratamiento dental. El bajo nivel socioeconómico y educativo, y la utilización frecuente de videojuegos aumentan la ansiedad dental mientras la realización de deporte y una vida saludable la disminuyen. Conclusiones: entre las técnicas de manejo de conducta del paciente pediátrico, las de gestión comunicativa son las más aceptadas por los padres. Aunque no hay ninguna prohibición legal en el uso de técnicas farmacológicas o no comunicativas, estas la mayoría de las veces son rechazadas por los padres. (AU)

Introduction: The dental profession is an activity oriented to the people care, including children, who need more specific care being in full physical and emotional development. When working with children you have to deal with the anxiety with which the child first enters the consultation. To solve this problem, different techniques have been described whose choice depends on the age, patient needs and professional skills. These techniques can be grouped into three groups: pharmacological techniques, communicative techniques and noncommunicative techniques. Objective: To review scientific evidence on the ethical and legal aspects of behavioral management techniques in pediatric dentistry. Material and method: A search was performed in the databases of PubMed/ Medline, Google Scholar y Scopus, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The results determine that the use of behavioral management techniques decreases anxiety levels during dental treatment. The low socioeconomic and educational level and the frequent use of video games increase dental anxiety while the performance of sports and a healthy life decrease it. Conclusions: Among the pediatric patient behavior management techniques, those with communicative management were the most accepted by parents. Although there is no legal prohibition on the use of pharmacological or non-communicative techniques, these are most often rejected by parents. (AU)

Metagenómica salival aplicada en Odontología: revisión bibliográfica / Salivary metagenomics applied in dentistry: Literature review

Introducción: la metagenómica es un campo nuevo en el que se persigue obtener secuencias del genoma de los diferentes microorganismos que componen una comunidad, extrayendo y analizando su ADN de forma global. La posibilidad de secuenciar directamente los genomas de microorganismos sin necesidad de cultivarlos abre nuevas opciones que suponen un cambio de rumbo en la microbiología, sobre todo, teniendo en cuenta que en la cavidad oral sólo el 35% han sido identificadas. La microbiota oral humana es la comunidad de microorganismos comensales, simbióticos y patógenos que se encuentran en la cavidad oral. La saliva juega un papel importante en la determinación de su composición y actividad, siendo bien reconocida como un conjunto de marcadores biológicos, que se puede recolectar fácilmente, de forma no invasiva, indolora y no traumática, por lo que podría ser un sustituto de la sangre en el pronóstico y diagnóstico de enfermedades. Material y método: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed de acuerdo con unos criterios de inclusión y exclusión previamente establecidos. Resultados: fueron seleccionadas un total de 37 referencias bibliográficas entre 2010-2023. Conclusión: el análisis microbiológico de la saliva es una alternativa fácil y no invasiva. La microbiota salival refleja las alteraciones bacterianas locales que se producen en la microbiota subgingival y supragingival. Por ello resulta interesante poder ampliar el conocimiento en el mundo microbiano oral, y poder ayudar a definir con más exactitud la etiología de la caries y periodontitis y así poder avanzar hacia tratamientos preventivos y curativos mucho más eficaces. (AU)

Introduction: Metagenomics is a new field in which the aim is to obtain genome sequences of the different microorganisms that make up a community, extracting and analyzing their DNA globally. The possibility of directly sequencing the genomes of micoorganism, without the need to cultive them, opens up new options that represent a change of direction in microbiology, especially considering that only 35% have been identified in the oral cavity. The human oral microbiota is the community of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms found in the oral cavity. Saliva plays an important role in determining its composition and activity, being well recognized as a set of biological markers, wich can be easily collected and non-invasive, painless and non-traumatic way, so it could be a substitute for blood in the prognosis and diagnosis of diseases. Method: A literature search was carried out in Pubmed according to previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of 37 bibliographic references were selected between 20102023. Conclusion: Microbiological analysis of saliva is an easy and non-invasive alternative. The salivary microbiota reflects the local bacterial alterations that occur in the subgingival and supragingival microbiota. It is therefore interesting to be able to expand knowledge in the oral microbial world, and to be able to help define more accurately the etiology of caries and periodontitis and thus be able to move towards much more effective preventive and curative treatments. (AU)

Vacuum-assisted birth in maternal lateral posture versus lithotomy. A simulation study.

OBJECTIVE: Maternal lateral postures provide advantages during childbirth. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of assisting vacuum births in maternal lateral postures in a simulation model. STUDY DESIGN: In a simulation model, four obstetricians and four medical students were randomly allocated to perform vacuum-assisted births first in maternal lateral posture or lithotomy. A modification of Aldo Vacca's 5-step technique was developed to assist vacuum-assisted births in lateral posture. The lateral distance, vertical distance, and distance from the cup center to the flexion point were measured for every placement of the cup. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: A total of 128 vacuum-assisted births were performed. The mean distance to the flexion point was 1.15 ± 0.71 cm for the lithotomy posture and 1.31 ± 0.82 cm for the lateral posture (P = 0.127). There were no statistically significant differences in vacuum extractor cup placement accuracy based on maternal posture. Performing vacuum-assisted births in maternal lateral posture is feasible in a simulation model. The technique is easy to learn, and the differences in cup placement between the lateral and lithotomy postures are small.

Determining the selectivity of a tetra-phosphorylated biomimetic peptide towards uranium in the presence of competing cations through the simultaneous coupling of HILIC to ESI-MS and ICP-MS.

A cyclic tetra-phosphorylated biomimetic peptide (pS1368) has been proposed as a promising starting structure to design a decorporating agent of uranyl (UO22+) due to its affinity being similar to that of osteopontin (OPN), a target UO22+ protein in vivo. The determination of this peptide's selectivity towards UO22+ in the presence of competing endogenous elements is also crucial to validate this hypothesis. In this context, the selectivity of pS1368 towards UO22+ in the presence of Ca2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ was determined by applying the simultaneous coupling of hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) to electrospray ionization (ESI-MS) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS) mass spectrometry. Sr2+ was used as Ca2+ simulant, providing less challenging ICP-MS measurements. The separation of the complexes by HILIC was first set up. The selectivity of pS1368 towards UO22+ was determined in the presence of Sr2+, by adding several proportions of the latter to UO2(pS1368). UO22+ was not displaced from UO2(pS1368) even in the presence of a ten-fold excess of Sr2+. The same approach has been undertaken to demonstrate the selectivity of pS1368 towards UO22+ in the presence of Cu2+, Zn2+ and Sr2+ as competing endogenous cations. Hence, we showed that pS1368 was selective towards UO22+ in the presence of Sr2+, but also in the presence of Cu2+ and Zn2+. This study highlights the performance of HILIC-ESI-MS/ICP-MS simultaneous coupling to assess the potential of molecules as decorporating agents of UO22+.

Intraoral scanners in children: evaluation of the patient perception, reliability and reproducibility, and chairside time-A systematic review.

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the perception of the patient, the chairside time, and the reliability and/or reproducibility of intraoral scanners for full arch in pediatric patients. Methods: A data search was performed in four databases (Medline-Pubmed, Scopus, ProQuest and Web of Science) in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statements. Studies were classified in three categories (patient perception, scanning or impression time and reliability and/or reproducibility). The resources, the data extraction and the quality assessment were carried out independently by two operators. The variables recorded were population characteristics, material and methods aspects and included country, study design and main conclusion. A quality assessment of the selected studies was performed with QUADAS-2 tool, and Kappa-Cohen Index was calculated to analyze examiner agreement. Results: The initial search obtained 681 publications, and finally four studies matching inclusion criteria were selected. The distribution of the studies in the categories was three for the analysis of the patient's perception and scanning or impression time; and two items to assess the reliability and/or reproducibility of intraoral scans. All included studies have a repeated measures-transversal design. The sample size ranged between 26 and 59 children with a mean age. The intraoral scanners evaluated were Lava C.O.S, Cerec Omnicam, TRIOS Classic, TRIOS 3-Cart and TRIOS Ortho. The quality assessment of the studies using QUADAS-2 tool revealed a low risk of bias while evaluating patient perception, but an unclear risk of bias in the analysis of accuracy or chairside time. In relation to the applicability concerns, the patient selection was of high risk of bias. All studies agreed that the patient perception and comfort is better with intraoral scanners in comparison with the conventional method. The accuracy or reliability of the digital procedure is not clear, being clinically acceptable. In relation with the chairside time, it depends on the intraoral scanner, with contradictory data in the different analyzed studies. Conclusion: The use of intraoral scanners in children is a favorable option, finding a significantly higher patient perception and comfort with intraoral scanners compared to the conventional impression method. The evidence for reliability or reproducibility is not strong to date, however, the differences between the intraoral measurements and the digital models would be clinically acceptable.

How the Presence of a Doctor Known to Patients Impacts a Web-Based Intervention to Promote Physical Activity and Healthy Eating Behaviour in Individuals with an Overweight/Obesity-Hypertension Phenotype: A Randomised Clinical Trial.

(1) Background: The 'Living Better' web-based programme has shown short- and long-term benefits for body composition and psychological variables in obese patients with hypertension by promoting a healthier lifestyle. To further explore the potential of this programme, in this work we aimed to explore the possible effect of the patient's 'own doctor' appearing in the video content of the Living Better intervention. (2) Methods: A total of 132 patients were randomly assigned either to the experimental (EG, n = 70) or control (CG, n = 62) group (with a doctor the patient knew as 'their own' or an 'unknown doctor', respectively). The body mass index (BMI), motivation towards physical activity (PA), PA levels, motivation to change one's eating habits, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and eating behaviour were all assessed and compared at baseline and post-intervention (12 weeks). (3) Results: The results of this study confirmed the positive effects of the Living Better programme on BMI and external eating style, with significant improvements in these variables in both groups. In addition, in the EG there was higher intrinsic motivation to change eating behaviour (mean difference of 0.9, 95% CI [0.1, 1.6], p = 0.032) and lower amotivation (mean difference of -0.6, 95% CI [-1.2, -0.1], p = 0.027) compared to the CG. (4) Conclusions: This study suggests that the presence of the patients' own doctor in the audiovisual content of the Living Better intervention did not have significant additional benefits in terms of BMI or external eating style. However, their presence did improve intrinsic motivation and amotivation related to eating habits.

"Own doctor" presence in a web-based lifestyle intervention for adults with obesity and hypertension: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Online interventions have long been shown to be an effective means to promote a healthy lifestyle, thereby helping to control body weight and blood pressure figures. Likewise, using video modeling is also considered an effective way to guide patients through behavioral interventions. Nonetheless, to the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to analyze how the presence of patients' "own doctor" in the audiovisual content of a web-based lifestyle program ("Living Better") aimed at promoting regular physical exercise and healthy eating behavior, compared with an "unknown doctor," influences the outcomes of adults with obesity and hypertension. Materials and methods: A total of 132 patients were randomly assigned either to the experimental (n = 70) or control (n = 62) group ("own doctor" or "unknown doctor", respectively). The body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, number of antihypertensive drugs used, physical activity level, and quality of life was assessed and compared at baseline and post-intervention (12 weeks). Results: The intention-to-treat analysis showed intragroup significant improvements in both groups in terms of the body mass index (control group: mean difference -0.3, 95% CI [-0.5, -0.1], p = 0.002; experimental group: -0.4 [-0.6, -0.2], p < 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (control group: -2.3 [-4.4, -0.2], p = 0.029; experimental group: -3.6 [-5.5, -1.6], p< 0.001). In addition, there were also significant improvements in the experimental group for the diastolic blood pressure (-2.5 [-3.7, -1.2], p < 0.001), physical activity (479 [9, 949], p = 0.046), and quality of life (5.2 [2.3, 8.2], p = 0.001). However, when comparing the experimental with the control group, no between-group significant differences were found in these variables. Conclusions: This study suggests that the presence of patients' "own doctor" in the audiovisual content of a web-based intervention, aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle among adults with obesity and hypertension, do not show significant additional benefits over the efficacy of e-counseling. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04426877. First Posted: 11/06/2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04426877.

Determination of the affinity of biomimetic peptides for uranium through the simultaneous coupling of HILIC to ESI-MS and ICP-MS.

Several proteins have been identified in the past decades as targets of uranyl (UO22+) in vivo. However, the molecular interactions responsible for this affinity are still poorly known which requires the identification of the UO22+ coordination sites in these proteins. Biomimetic peptides are efficient chemical tools to characterize these sites. In this work, we developed a dedicated analytical method to determine the affinity of biomimetic, synthetic, multi-phosphorylated peptides for UO22+ and evaluate the effect of several structural parameters of these peptides on this affinity at physiological pH. The analytical strategy was based on the implementation of the simultaneous coupling of hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). An essential step had been devoted to the definition of the best separation conditions of UO22+ complexes formed with di-phosphorylated peptide isomers and also with peptides of different structure and degrees of phosphorylation. We performed the first separations of several sets of UO22+ complexes by HILIC ever reported in the literature. A dedicated method had then been developed for identifying the separated peptide complexes online by ESI-MS and simultaneously quantifying them by ICP-MS, based on uranium quantification using external calibration. Thus, the affinity of the peptides for UO22+ was determined and made it possible to demonstrate that (i) the increasing number of phosphorylated residues (pSer) promotes the affinity of the peptides for UO22+, (ii) the position of the pSer in the peptide backbone has very low impact on this affinity (iii) and finally the cyclic structure of the peptide favors the UO22+ complexation in comparison with the linear structure. These results are in agreement with those previously obtained by spectroscopic techniques, which allowed to validate the method. Through this approach, we obtained essential information to better understand the mechanisms of toxicity of UO22+ at the molecular level and to further develop selective decorporating agents by chelation.

In vitro analysis of the influence of the thermocycling and the applied force on orthodontic clear aligners.

The mechanical properties of polyurethane dental aligners have been studied in an oral environment at 37°C and subjected to thermal cycling between 5°C and 55°C for long periods of time at different mechanical stresses. The aim is to determine the efficacy of the orthodontic aligner at different stress levels, the effect of thermal cycling with therapy time on tooth position correction. Sixty aligners with the same design were studied applying tensions of 0, 3 and 30 N and determining the deformation at different times from 1 to 760 h. Half of these aligners were subjected to stresses submerged in artificial saliva at 37°C and the other half were subjected to thermal cycles between 2°C and 55°C in salivary medium. Deformation was determined using a high-resolution stereo magnifier and ImageJ image analysis software. Water adsorption by the polyurethane was determined at the different test times. The results showed that in the unloaded aligners there is no appreciable deformation, but with thermal cycling there is a light shrinkage of the aligner due to the semi-crystallization process (ordering of polymeric chains) of the polyurethane. When applying loads of 3 and 30 N, creep curves with constant deformation transition zones can be seen. The transition zones decrease as the applied mechanical load increases. In addition, the significant effect of thermal cycling on the reduction of the transition zone of the aligners has been demonstrated. The transition zones are optimal for dental correction as constant stresses are exerted for tooth movement. The effect of thermal cycling shortens the constant deformation zone and reduces tooth alignment time. It was observed that the absorption of water in the aligner is constant after 1 h of immersion and does not exceed 0.4% by weight of absorbed water.

Association between dental agenesis and delay in dental development: a preliminary study in a Spanish paediatric population in relation with Dental Anomaly Pattern (DAP).

BACKGROUND: The association between dental anomalies has been studied, giving rise to the concept of Dental Anomaly Pattern (DAP). Tooth agenesis has been associated with alterations such as molar infracclusion, taurodontism and delayed dental development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental development pattern in patients with non-syndromic dental agenesis, in comparison with a control group. METHODS: Dental and chronological age was analysed in a sample size of 204 orthopantomographs divided into a study group (n = 104) and a control group (n = 100) with the Demirjian Method. Intra and intergroup differences in chronological and dental age, and the correlation between them were calculated by statistical analysis with a 95% confidence level (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Dental age exceeded chronological age both in the control group and in the study group. Statistically significant differences (p = 0.004) were found when comparing the difference between chronological and dental age in the study (-0.16 ± 1.12) and control group (-0.58 ± 0.90). Regarding sex and age intergroup differences, the results were only statistically significant in the girls' group (p = 0.017), and the age over 8 years old (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in tooth development depending on the number of missing teeth or the affected tooth group, but there was a delay in the development of the homologous tooth contralateral to the absent one in 14.9% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The difference between chronological and dental age in permanent dentition is significantly lower in Spanish children with non-syndromic agenesis compared to a control group, presenting a lower dental age than chronological age than children without non-syndromic agenesis.

Evaluation of the Relationship between the Weight and Height Percentiles and the Sequence and Chronology of Eruption in Permanent Dentition.

The standard eruption of the permanent dentition in growing patients is influenced by multiple environmental factors. The objective of this research was to study the relationship between height and weight percentiles and the eruption of the permanent dentition. The design of the study was transversal based on the review of the clinical history, visual dental inspection, weight and height indicators, and their respective percentiles in patients in the mixed and definitive dentition stage. The descriptive and comparative analysis of the data was carried out with the statistical software R version 4.1.1. The sample size was 725 participants. The mean age of eruption of the first tooth was 8.0. The eruption sequence in the upper arch was first molar, central and lateral incisor, first premolar, canine, second premolar, and second molar. In the lower arch, the eruption sequence was: central incisor, first molar, lateral incisor, canine, first and second premolar, and second molar. The most frequent weight percentile was P50-97 (50.34%) and height P3-50 (53.38%). Weight (0.0129; 0.0426; 0.0495; 0.000166) and height (0.00768; 0.00473; 0.00927; 10-5) variables significantly influenced dental eruption. The factor that most influences the eruption of the permanent dentition is the height percentile.