ABSTRACT
Allergy is widely discussed by researchers due to its complex mechanism that leads to disorders and injuries, but the reason behind the allergic status remains unclear. Current treatments are insufficient to improve the patient's quality of life significantly. New technologies in scientific and technological development are emerging. For instance, the union between allergy and peptidomics and bioinformatics tools may help fill the gaps in this field, diagnosis, and treatment. In this review, we look at peptidomics and address some findings, such as target proteins or biomarkers that help better understand mechanisms that lead to inflammation, organ damage, and, consequently, poor quality of life or even death.
Subject(s)
Asthma , Hypersensitivity , Humans , Proteomics , Quality of Life , Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/epidemiology , Asthma/therapy , InflammationABSTRACT
Allergy is widely discussed by researchers due to its complex mechanism that leads to disorders and injuries, but the reason behind the allergic status remains unclear. Current treatments are insufficient to improve the patients quality of life significantly. New technologies in scientific and technological development are emerging. For instance, the union between allergy and peptidomics and bioinformatics tools may help fill the gaps in this field, diagnosis, and treatment. In this review, we look at peptidomics and address some findings, such as target proteins or biomarkers that help better understand mechanisms that lead to inflammation, organ damage, and, consequently, poor quality of life or even death (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Asthma/genetics , Hypersensitivity/genetics , Proteomics , Computational Biology , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Mass SpectrometryABSTRACT
Introduction and objectives Atopic individuals are characterized by increased IgE production and Th2 response if exposed to certain antigens. It is known that the mother transfers anti-mite antibodies to the fetus and newborn, IgG thru the placenta, and IgA thru breastfeeding, but it is not clear whether there is a protective mechanism mediated by them concerning the development of future allergies. This study aimed to compare the levels of IgA, IgG, and IgE antibodies specific to Der p 1 and Der p 2 between atopic and healthy individuals. Methods Serum samples of 98 patients and 44 healthy controls were subjected to quantification for specific IgE, IgG, and IgA antibodies against Der p 1 and Der p 2 by ImmunoCap® and ELISA, and subjected to statistical analysis as indicated. Results Atopic patients had higher serum levels of IgE, IgG, and IgA specific to Der p 1 and Der p 2. The correlation was more robust between IgE and IgG antibodies. Conclusions Allergic patients produce higher levels of antibodies against Der p 1 and Der p 2 compared with healthy individuals. The mechanisms involved still require detailed studies (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Antigens, Dermatophagoides/immunology , Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus/immunology , Arthropod Proteins/immunology , Cysteine Endopeptidases/immunology , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/diagnosis , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/blood , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/immunology , Immunoglobulin A/immunology , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/immunologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Atopic individuals are characterized by increased IgE production and Th2 response if exposed to certain antigens. It is known that the mother transfers anti-mite antibodies to the fetus and newborn, IgG thru the placenta, and IgA thru breastfeeding, but it is not clear whether there is a protective mechanism mediated by them concerning the development of future allergies. This study aimed to compare the levels of IgA, IgG, and IgE antibodies specific to Der p 1 and Der p 2 between atopic and healthy individuals. METHODS: Serum samples of 98 patients and 44 healthy controls were subjected to quantification for specific IgE, IgG, and IgA antibodies against Der p 1 and Der p 2 by ImmunoCap® and ELISA, and subjected to statistical analysis as indicated. RESULTS: Atopic patients had higher serum levels of IgE, IgG, and IgA specific to Der p 1 and Der p 2. The correlation was more robust between IgE and IgG antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: Allergic patients produce higher levels of antibodies against Der p 1 and Der p 2 compared with healthy individuals. The mechanisms involved still require detailed studies.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Dermatophagoides/immunology , Arthropod Proteins/immunology , Cysteine Endopeptidases/immunology , Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus/immunology , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Healthy Volunteers , Humans , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/blood , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/immunology , Immunoglobulin A/blood , Immunoglobulin A/immunology , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Infant , Male , Young AdultABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the protective effects of pentoxifylline against lung injury observed after dorsal scald in aged animals. METHODS: Adult (eight months old) and aged (20 months old) rats were subjected to thermal injury or sham procedure. The six hours post-trauma animals received pentoxifylline and after 24 hours were euthanatized and lung tissue samples collected. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was evaluated for total protein content and tumor necrosis factor-alpha cytokine. Malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity in the lung homogenate were measured and a histological lung examination was undertaken. RESULTS: Burn injury induced oxidative stress in lung homogenate was higher in elderly-burned rats compared to adult-burned rats (p<0.001). Total protein and cytokine in bronchoalveolar lavage increased in the elderly-burned group when compared to the adult-burned group (p<0.001). All parameters decreased in both groups treated with pentoxifylline (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The injury was augmented in elderly rats when compared to adult rats. Damage was reduced with the use of pentoxifylline, however further studies are needed to evaluate the dose-response of the drug.
Subject(s)
Free Radical Scavengers/therapeutic use , Lung Injury/drug therapy , Pentoxifylline/therapeutic use , Age Factors , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/chemistry , Burns/complications , Disease Models, Animal , Inflammation Mediators/analysis , Lung Injury/enzymology , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Oxidative Stress , Peroxidase/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysisABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the protective effects of pentoxifylline against lung injury observed after dorsal scald in aged animals. METHODS: Adult (eight months old) and aged (20 months old) rats were subjected to thermal injury or sham procedure. The six hours post-trauma animals received pentoxifylline and after 24 hours were euthanatized and lung tissue samples collectedted. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was evaluated for total protein content and tumor necrosis factor-alpha cytokine. Malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activety in the lung homogenate were measured and a histological lung examination was undertaken. RESULTS: Burn injury induced oxidative stress in lung homogenate was higher in elderly-burned rats compared to adult-burned rats (p<0.001). Total protein and cytokine in bronchoalveolar lavage increased in the elderly-burned group when compared to the adult-burned group (p<0.001). All parameters decreased in bolth groups treated with pentoxifylline (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The injury was augmented in elderly rats when compared to adult rats. Damage was reduced with the use of pentoxifylline, however further studies are needed to evaluate the dose-response of the drug.
