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1.
S Afr J Bot ; 135: 240-251, 2020 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32963416

ABSTRACT

Metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of metabolic disorders related to the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In latter years, plant secondary metabolites have become of special interest because of their potential role in preventing and managing metabolic syndrome. Sesquiterpene lactones constitute a large and diverse group of biologically active compounds widely distributed in several medicinal plants used for the treatment of metabolic disorders. The structural diversity and the broad spectrum of biological activities of these compounds drew significant interests in the pharmacological applications. This review describes selected sesquiterpene lactones that have been experimentally validated for their biological activities related to risk factors of metabolic syndrome, together with their mechanisms of action. The potential beneficial effects of sesquiterpene lactones discussed in this review demonstrate that these substances represent remarkable compounds with a diversity of molecular structure and high biological activity, providing new insights into the possible role in metabolic syndrome management.

2.
Metas enferm ; 21(4): 15-21, mayo 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-172682

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: determinar la efectividad de un taller formativo para disminuir el abandono de lactancia materna exclusiva (LME) al mes y a los cuatro meses del parto en una Unidad de Obstetricia, estimar la prevalencia de abandono de la LME, las causas del abandono y el grado de la utilidad del taller. MÉTODO: diseño cuasiexperimental con grupo control no concurrente y seguimiento a cuatro meses. Se incluyeron 70 mujeres puérperas en el grupo control (GC) (cuidados habituales) y 70 en el grupo intervención (GI) (taller formativo de 20 minutos con proyección de infografía de lactancia materna y después ronda de preguntas). VARIABLES: sociodemográficas, antecedentes gineco-obstétricos, abandono de LME al mes y a los cuatro meses del parto, conocimientos y actitudes frente a la LME, causas de abandono, grado de satisfacción con el taller formativo. Tratamiento y análisis de los datos: comparación entre el GC y GI mediante Chi cuadrado, t de Student o U de Mann-Whitney, seguimiento de las participantes mediante pruebas de contraste de hipótesis para datos apareados (Chi cuadrado, t de Student para muestras relacionadas o Wilcoxon). RESULTADOS: al mes de seguimiento el abandono de la LME fue de 23,2% en el GI frente al 13% en el GC, y a los cuatro meses 15% y 20,5% respectivamente, sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas. El grado de conocimiento de los beneficios de la LME fue muy elevado en ambos grupos, al igual que el grado de satisfacción con el servicio. La causa mayoritaria de abandono, tanto al mes como a los cuatro meses, fue la percepción de cantidad insuficiente de leche. CONCLUSIONES: aunque la prevalencia de abandono de la LME a los cuatro meses no disminuye significativamente en el GI. Las madres que participaron en este estudio, tanto en el grupo control como en el de intervención, han demostrado tener un alto grado de conocimiento en LME. Se evidenció un elevado grado de satisfacción con el taller formativo


OBJECTIVES: to determine the effectiveness of a training workshop upon the reduction of discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at one month and four months after childbirth in an Obstetrics Unit, to estimate the prevalence of EBF discontinuation and its causes, and the degree of usefulness of this workshop. METHOD: a quasi-experimental design with a non-concurrent control arm and follow-up at four months. The study included 70 post-partum women in the control arm (CA) (standard care), and 70 in the intervention arm (IA) (20-minute training workshop with projection of computer graphics about breastfeeding and a subsequent round of questions). Variables; sociodemographic, gynaecological and obstetric background, EBF discontinuation at one month and four months after childbirth, knowledge and attitudes towards EBF, causes for discontinuation, degree of satisfaction with the training workshop. Data treatment and analysis: comparison between the CA and the IA through Chi-Square, Student's t or Mann Whitney U, follow-up of participants through contrast hypothesis tests for paired data: (Chi-Square, Student's t for dependent samples, or Wilcoxon). RESULTS: at one month of follow-up, EBF discontinuation was 23.2% in the IA vs. 13% in the CA, and at four months, 15% and 20.5% respectively, without any statistically significant differences. The level of knowledge about the benefits of EBF was very high in both arms, as well as the level of satisfaction with the service. The main cause for discontinuation, both at one month and at four months, was the perception of insufficient milk. CONCLUSIONS: even though there was no significant prevalence of EBF discontinuation at four months in the IA, those mothers participating in this study, both in the control arm and in the intervention arm, have demonstrated to have a high level of knowledge about EBF. There was evidence of a high level of satisfaction with the training workshop


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Feeding , Health Education/organization & administration , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Health Promotion/methods , Courses/analysis , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions , Mother-Child Relations/psychology
3.
J Colloid Interface Sci ; 503: 159-167, 2017 Oct 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28521218

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to present a method for predicting the effect of temperature on contact angles and wetting transitions for n-alkanes on PTFE. The analysis is based on the effect of temperature on two closely related phenomena, which are critical in the determination of contact angles: intermolecular forces and the thickness of an adsorbed film in the region adjacent to the three-phase contact. Considering solely van der Waals forces, it is possible to reproduce the experimental temperature dependence of contact angles. At low temperature values, contact angles show a small and linear decrease with temperature. For higher temperature values, substantially larger decreases are exhibited by the more volatile alkanes. In the case of n-octane, a single transition from partial to total wetting is found at 443K. This transition, which arises from the vanishing of the effective Hamaker constant at 430K, is characterized by a surface specific heat exponent close to one, indicating the existence of a first order wetting transition. For the less volatile alkanes, the contact angle decrease is progressively less pronounced as the volatility decreases in such a way that for n-hexadecane the contact angle remains approximately constant throughout the temperature range under study.

4.
Phys Rev E ; 94(2-1): 022801, 2016 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27627371

ABSTRACT

At a three-phase contact line, a liquid bulk phase is in contact with and coexists with a very thin layer of adsorbed molecules. This adsorbed film in the immediate vicinity of a liquid wedge modifies the balance of forces between the liquid and solid phases such that, when included in the balance of forces, a quantitative relationship emerges between the adsorbed film thickness and the static contact angle. This relationship permits the prediction of static contact angles from molecular forces and equilibrium adsorption data by means of quantities that are physically meaningful and measurable. For n-alkanes on polytetrafluoroethylene, for which there are experimental data available on adsorption and contact angles, our computations show remarkable agreement with the data. The results obtained are an improvement on previously published calculations-particularly for alkanes with a low number of carbon atoms, for which adsorption is significant.

5.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 61(1): 14-24, 1 jul., 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-138214

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El deterioro cognitivo puede aparecer en las etapas más iniciales de la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP). Determinar la prevalencia del deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) como etapa de transición o sus diferentes perfiles resulta complicado por la ausencia de criterios diagnósticos consensuados. Objetivo. Revisar el concepto de DCL en la EP, sus criterios diagnósticos y los factores predictores de conversión a demencia. Pacientes y métodos. Revisión sistemática de los artículos publicados en Medline (PubMed) utilizando la combinación de las palabras clave ‘deterioro cognitivo leve’ y ‘enfermedad de Parkinson’. Resultados. Los criterios diagnósticos del DCL en la EP publicados por la Sociedad de Trastornos del Movimiento, a pesar de no estar validados, constituyen una importante herramienta para el diagnóstico de estos pacientes. Su aplicación se ve influida por las siguientes limitaciones: la heterogeneidad de los déficits cognitivos descritos en la EP, su evolución variable, que dificulta el hallazgo de factores predictores de conversión a demencia, la selección de las pruebas neuropsicológicas más apropiadas y la determinación de los puntos de corte más idóneos, y las características del paciente, etapa de la enfermedad y tipo de tratamiento antiparkinsoniano. Conclusiones. Marcadores neuropsicológicos, de neuroimagen, biomarcadores o la limitación en algunas actividades instrumentales son muy prometedores para la detección de pacientes con DCL en la EP y riesgo elevado de conversión a demencia (AU)


Introduction. Cognitive impairment may appear at the earliest stages in Parkinson’s disease (PD). To assess the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its different subtypes, as transitional stage, is complicated by the lack of consensus diagnostic criteria. Aim. To review MCI in PD (MCI-PD), diagnostic criteria and predictive factors of conversion to dementia. Patients and methods. Systematic review of articles published in Medline (PubMed) using the combination of keywords ‘mild cognitive impairment’ and ‘Parkinson’s disease’. Results. MCI-PD diagnostic criteria published by the Movement Disorders Society are an interesting tool for the diagnosis, in spite they are not validated. Its implementation has the following limitations: 1) the heterogeneity of cognitive deficits described in PD; 2) a variable evolution of cognitive symptoms in PD which difficult the identification of dementia predictors; 3) selection of the more appropriate neuropsychological tests and cut-off points; 4) patient characteristics, disease stage and type of antiparkinsonian treatment. Conclusions. Neuropsychological subtypes, neuroimaging, biomarkers or limitation in some instrumental activities seem to be very sensitive for detecting patients with MCI-PD and increased risk of conversion to dementia (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Dementia/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis , Parkinson Disease/complications , Biomarkers/analysis , Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors
6.
Rev Neurol ; 61(1): 14-24, 2015 Jul 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26108904

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Cognitive impairment may appear at the earliest stages in Parkinson's disease (PD). To assess the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its different subtypes, as transitional stage, is complicated by the lack of consensus diagnostic criteria. AIM: To review MCI in PD (MCI-PD), diagnostic criteria and predictive factors of conversion to dementia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Systematic review of articles published in Medline (PubMed) using the combination of keywords 'mild cognitive impairment' and 'Parkinson's disease'. RESULTS: MCI-PD diagnostic criteria published by the Movement Disorders Society are an interesting tool for the diagnosis, in spite they are not validated. Its implementation has the following limitations: 1) the heterogeneity of cognitive deficits described in PD; 2) a variable evolution of cognitive symptoms in PD which difficult the identification of dementia predictors; 3) selection of the more appropriate neuropsychological tests and cut-off points; 4) patient characteristics, disease stage and type of antiparkinsonian treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Neuropsychological subtypes, neuroimaging, biomarkers or limitation in some instrumental activities seem to be very sensitive for detecting patients with MCI-PD and increased risk of conversion to dementia.


TITLE: Subtipos de deterioro cognitivo leve en la enfermedad de Parkinson y factores predictores de conversion a demencia.Introduccion. El deterioro cognitivo puede aparecer en las etapas mas iniciales de la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP). Determinar la prevalencia del deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) como etapa de transicion o sus diferentes perfiles resulta complicado por la ausencia de criterios diagnosticos consensuados. Objetivo. Revisar el concepto de DCL en la EP, sus criterios diagnosticos y los factores predictores de conversion a demencia. Pacientes y metodos. Revision sistematica de los articulos publicados en Medline (PubMed) utilizando la combinacion de las palabras clave 'deterioro cognitivo leve' y 'enfermedad de Parkinson'. Resultados. Los criterios diagnosticos del DCL en la EP publicados por la Sociedad de Trastornos del Movimiento, a pesar de no estar validados, constituyen una importante herramienta para el diagnostico de estos pacientes. Su aplicacion se ve influida por las siguientes limitaciones: la heterogeneidad de los deficits cognitivos descritos en la EP, su evolucion variable, que dificulta el hallazgo de factores predictores de conversion a demencia, la seleccion de las pruebas neuropsicologicas mas apropiadas y la determinacion de los puntos de corte mas idoneos, y las caracteristicas del paciente, etapa de la enfermedad y tipo de tratamiento antiparkinsoniano. Conclusiones. Marcadores neuropsicologicos, de neuroimagen, biomarcadores o la limitacion en algunas actividades instrumentales son muy prometedores para la deteccion de pacientes con DCL en la EP y riesgo elevado de conversion a demencia.


Subject(s)
Cognitive Dysfunction/classification , Dementia/etiology , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Amyloid beta-Peptides/cerebrospinal fluid , Atrophy , Attention , Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid , Brain/pathology , Cognitive Dysfunction/cerebrospinal fluid , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis , Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dementia/cerebrospinal fluid , Dementia/epidemiology , Disease Progression , Executive Function , Humans , Language Disorders/epidemiology , Language Disorders/etiology , Longitudinal Studies , Memory Disorders/epidemiology , Memory Disorders/etiology , Neuroimaging , Neuropsychological Tests , Parkinson Disease/cerebrospinal fluid , Parkinson Disease/epidemiology , Peptide Fragments/cerebrospinal fluid , Prevalence , Quality of Life , Research Design , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Symptom Assessment , alpha-Synuclein/cerebrospinal fluid
8.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 60(1): 10-16, 1 ene., 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-131519

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Las disfunciones sexuales constituyen uno de los problemas más importantes que afectan a la salud sexual y se asocian a bajos niveles de calidad de vida. Objetivo. Evaluar la función sexual en pacientes migrañosos y la disfunción sexual atribuible al tratamiento preventivo. Pacientes y métodos. Pacientes atendidos en las consultas de cefaleas de dos hospitales generales que acudían a la primera visita tras prescripción de un preventivo. Respondieron al cuestionario de funcionamiento sexual del Hospital General de Massachusetts (MGH-SFQ) y al cuestionario de disfunción sexual secundaria a psicofármacos (SALSEX). Resultados. Muestra de 79 pacientes (17 varones, 62 mujeres), de 37,6 ± 9,1 años (rango: 19-57 años), 31 (39,2%) de ellos con migraña crónica. Como tratamiento preventivo, 23 (29,1%) recibían betabloqueantes; 42 (53,2%), neuromoduladores; 8 (10,1%), antagonistas del calcio, y 6 (7,6%), antidepresivos. El MGH-SFQ detectó en 24 pacientes (30,4%) disminución al menos moderada de satisfacción sexual global. El SALSEX mostró cambio de la función sexual atribuible al tratamiento preventivo en 36 casos (45,5%), sólo excepcionalmente manifestada de forma espontánea. En pacientes con disfunción al menos moderada en el MGH-SFQ, eran significativamente mayores la edad media en el momento de la inclusión, el número de días de dolor al mes y el uso excesivo de medicación sintomática (53,3% frente a 46,7%; p = 0,03). Conclusión. La disfunción sexual evaluada con sencillos test de cribado detecta con frecuencia disfunción sexual en pacientes migrañosos en tratamiento preventivo y cambios en su vida sexual atribuibles a estos fármacos (AU)


Introduction. Sexual dysfunctions are one of the most important problems affecting sexual health and are associated withlow levels of quality of life. Aim. To assess the sexual functioning in migraine patients and the sexual dysfunction that can be attributed to its preventive treatment. Patients and methods. The patients attended in the headache units of two general hospitals who visited for the first time after being prescribed preventive treatment. They answered the Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ) and the Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (SALSEX). Results. The sample used in the study consisted of 79 patients (17 males, 62 females) aged 37.6 ± 9.1 years (range: 19-57 years), 31 (39.2%) of them with chronic migraine. As preventive treatment, 23 (29.1%) received beta blockers; 42 (53.2%) neuromodulators; 8 (10.1%), calcium antagonists; and 6 (7.6%), antidepressants. The MGH-SFQ detected diminished overall sexual satisfaction that was at least moderate in 24 patients (30.4%). SALSEX showed changes in sexual functioning that was attributable to the preventive treatment in 36 cases (45.5%), which only exceptionally appeared spontaneously. In patients with at least moderate dysfunction on the MGH-SFQ, the mean ages at the time of testing, the number of days with pain per month and the excessive use of medication for their symptoms were all higher(53.3% versus 46.7%; p = 0.03). Conclusions. Simple sexual dysfunction screening tests often detect sexual dysfunctions in patients with migraine on preventive treatment and changes in their sex life that can be attributed to these drugs (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/complications , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/diagnosis , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/prevention & control , Sexual Health , Quality of Life , Migraine Disorders/complications , Psychotropic Drugs/adverse effects , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Surveys and Questionnaires , Psychopharmacology/methods , Prospective Studies , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Receptors, Neurotransmitter/therapeutic use , Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use , Mass Screening/methods , Mass Screening/prevention & control
9.
Rev Neurol ; 60(1): 10-6, 2015 Jan 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25522859

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Sexual dysfunctions are one of the most important problems affecting sexual health and are associated with low levels of quality of life. AIM: To assess the sexual functioning in migraine patients and the sexual dysfunction that can be attributed to its preventive treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The patients attended in the headache units of two general hospitals who visited for the first time after being prescribed preventive treatment. They answered the Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ) and the Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (SALSEX). RESULTS: The sample used in the study consisted of 79 patients (17 males, 62 females) aged 37.6 ± 9.1 years (range: 19-57 years), 31 (39.2%) of them with chronic migraine. As preventive treatment, 23 (29.1%) received beta blockers; 42 (53.2%) neuromodulators; 8 (10.1%), calcium antagonists; and 6 (7.6%), antidepressants. The MGH-SFQ detected diminished overall sexual satisfaction that was at least moderate in 24 patients (30.4%). SALSEX showed changes in sexual functioning that was attributable to the preventive treatment in 36 cases (45.5%), which only exceptionally appeared spontaneously. In patients with at least moderate dysfunction on the MGH-SFQ, the mean ages at the time of testing, the number of days with pain per month and the excessive use of medication for their symptoms were all higher (53.3% versus 46.7%; p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Simple sexual dysfunction screening tests often detect sexual dysfunctions in patients with migraine on preventive treatment and changes in their sex life that can be attributed to these drugs.


TITLE: Disfuncion sexual en pacientes migrañosos que reciben tratamiento preventivo: identificacion mediante dos tests de cribado.Introduccion. Las disfunciones sexuales constituyen uno de los problemas mas importantes que afectan a la salud sexual y se asocian a bajos niveles de calidad de vida. Objetivo. Evaluar la funcion sexual en pacientes migrañosos y la disfuncion sexual atribuible al tratamiento preventivo. Pacientes y metodos. Pacientes atendidos en las consultas de cefaleas de dos hospitales generales que acudian a la primera visita tras prescripcion de un preventivo. Respondieron al cuestionario de funcionamiento sexual del Hospital General de Massachusetts (MGH-SFQ) y al cuestionario de disfuncion sexual secundaria a psicofarmacos (SALSEX). Resultados. Muestra de 79 pacientes (17 varones, 62 mujeres), de 37,6 ± 9,1 años (rango: 19-57 años), 31 (39,2%) de ellos con migraña cronica. Como tratamiento preventivo, 23 (29,1%) recibian betabloqueantes; 42 (53,2%), neuromoduladores; 8 (10,1%), antagonistas del calcio, y 6 (7,6%), antidepresivos. El MGH-SFQ detecto en 24 pacientes (30,4%) disminucion al menos moderada de satisfaccion sexual global. El SALSEX mostro cambio de la funcion sexual atribuible al tratamiento preventivo en 36 casos (45,5%), solo excepcionalmente manifestada de forma espontanea. En pacientes con disfuncion al menos moderada en el MGH-SFQ, eran significativamente mayores la edad media en el momento de la inclusion, el numero de dias de dolor al mes y el uso excesivo de medicacion sintomatica (53,3% frente a 46,7%; p = 0,03). Conclusion. La disfuncion sexual evaluada con sencillos test de cribado detecta con frecuencia disfuncion sexual en pacientes migrañosos en tratamiento preventivo y cambios en su vida sexual atribuibles a estos farmacos.


Subject(s)
Migraine Disorders/prevention & control , Severity of Illness Index , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adolescent , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/adverse effects , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Adult , Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Anxiety/epidemiology , Calcium Channel Blockers/adverse effects , Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use , Comorbidity , Depression/drug therapy , Depression/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Libido/drug effects , Male , Middle Aged , Migraine Disorders/epidemiology , Neurotransmitter Agents/adverse effects , Neurotransmitter Agents/therapeutic use , Orgasm/drug effects , Penile Erection/drug effects , Personal Satisfaction , Prospective Studies , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/chemically induced , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/epidemiology , Young Adult
10.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 59(7): 289-293, 1 oct., 2014. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-127346

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Aunque se dispone de diferentes tratamientos para el dolor neuropático, en muchas ocasiones estos pacientes son refractarios, lo que hace necesario probar tratamientos que, por su utilidad en otras patologías, podrían ser eficaces en el dolor neuropático. Pacientes y métodos. Se recogieron las historias clínicas de pacientes que hubieran sido tratados con lacosamida para el dolor neuropático, en diferentes hospitales de la zona centro peninsular, y que cumplieran unas características similares en cuanto a refractariedad a otros tratamientos estándares, en un seguimiento de al menos seis meses, o que hubiesen tenido que suspender el tratamiento con dicho fármaco por cualquier motivo. Se obtuvo una muestra de 114 pacientes, 61 varones y 53 mujeres, con una edad media de 60,5 años. Resultados. Las causas de dolor neuropático más frecuentes fueron: polineuropatía diabética (31,6%), neuralgia postherpética (22,8%), neuralgia del trigémino (17,5%), neuralgia suboccipital y lumbociatalgia (un 12,3% en ambas). La eficacia fue buena/muy buena en la mayoría de los pacientes, con un descenso medio en la escala analógica visual tras seis meses de 7,7 a 4,8. No se registraron efectos secundarios graves en ningún paciente, pero en 12 y 10 pacientes no hubo registro más allá de seis meses, por ineficacia e intolerancia al tratamiento, respectivamente. Conclusiones. El tratamiento con lacosamida en el dolor neuropático de diferentes causas podría considerarse como una alternativa efectiva y bien tolerada para aquellos pacientes que no respondan a los tratamientos estándares (AU)


Introduction. Although different treatments are available for neuropathic pain, these patients are often refractory, which makes it necessary to test treatments that, as they have proven useful in other pathologies, could be effective in neuropathic pain. Patients and methods. The study made use of the medical records of patients who had been treated with lacosamide for neuropathic pain in different hospitals in the central area of the peninsula and who fulfilled similar characteristics in terms of refractoriness to other standard treatments, in a follow-up that lasted at least six months, or who had had to stop treatment with that drug for some reason or another. A sample of 114 patients (61 males and 53 females) with a mean age of 60.5 years was obtained from the data. Results. The most common causes of neuropathic pain were: diabetic polyneuropathy (31.6%), post-herpes neuralgia (22.8%), trigeminal neuralgia (17.5%), suboccipital and lumbar-radicular neuralgia (both 12.3%). Effectiveness was good/ very good in most patients, with the mean score on the visual analogue scale after six months dropping from 7.7 to 4.8. No serious side effects were reported in any of the patients, but in 12 and 10 patients no recordings were made beyond six months, due to ineffectiveness and intolerance to the treatment, respectively. Conclusions. Treatment with lacosamide in neuropathic pain due to different causes could be considered an effective and well-tolerated alternative for patients who fail to respond to standard treatments (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Neuralgia/drug therapy , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Pain, Intractable/drug therapy , Pain Management/methods , Trigeminal Neuralgia/drug therapy , Neuralgia, Postherpetic/drug therapy
11.
Rev Neurol ; 59(7): 289-93, 2014 Oct 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25245872

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Although different treatments are available for neuropathic pain, these patients are often refractory, which makes it necessary to test treatments that, as they have proven useful in other pathologies, could be effective in neuropathic pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study made use of the medical records of patients who had been treated with lacosamide for neuropathic pain in different hospitals in the central area of the peninsula and who fulfilled similar characteristics in terms of refractoriness to other standard treatments, in a follow-up that lasted at least six months, or who had had to stop treatment with that drug for some reason or another. A sample of 114 patients (61 males and 53 females) with a mean age of 60.5 years was obtained from the data. RESULTS: The most common causes of neuropathic pain were: diabetic polyneuropathy (31.6%), post-herpes neuralgia (22.8%), trigeminal neuralgia (17.5%), suboccipital and lumbar-radicular neuralgia (both 12.3%). Effectiveness was good/very good in most patients, with the mean score on the visual analogue scale after six months dropping from 7.7 to 4.8. No serious side effects were reported in any of the patients, but in 12 and 10 patients no recordings were made beyond six months, due to ineffectiveness and intolerance to the treatment, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with lacosamide in neuropathic pain due to different causes could be considered an effective and well-tolerated alternative for patients who fail to respond to standard treatments.


TITLE: Efectividad de la lacosamida en el tratamiento del dolor neuropatico refractario: estudio observacional abierto.Introduccion. Aunque se dispone de diferentes tratamientos para el dolor neuropatico, en muchas ocasiones estos pacientes son refractarios, lo que hace necesario probar tratamientos que, por su utilidad en otras patologias, podrian ser eficaces en el dolor neuropatico. Pacientes y metodos. Se recogieron las historias clinicas de pacientes que hubieran sido tratados con lacosamida para el dolor neuropatico, en diferentes hospitales de la zona centro peninsular, y que cumplieran unas caracteristicas similares en cuanto a refractariedad a otros tratamientos estandares, en un seguimiento de al menos seis meses, o que hubiesen tenido que suspender el tratamiento con dicho farmaco por cualquier motivo. Se obtuvo una muestra de 114 pacientes, 61 varones y 53 mujeres, con una edad media de 60,5 años. Resultados. Las causas de dolor neuropatico mas frecuentes fueron: polineuropatia diabetica (31,6%), neuralgia postherpetica (22,8%), neuralgia del trigemino (17,5%), neuralgia suboccipital y lumbociatalgia (un 12,3% en ambas). La eficacia fue buena/muy buena en la mayoria de los pacientes, con un descenso medio en la escala analogica visual tras seis meses de 7,7 a 4,8. No se registraron efectos secundarios graves en ningun paciente, pero en 12 y 10 pacientes no hubo registro mas alla de seis meses, por ineficacia e intolerancia al tratamiento, respectivamente. Conclusiones. El tratamiento con lacosamida en el dolor neuropatico de diferentes causas podria considerarse como una alternativa efectiva y bien tolerada para aquellos pacientes que no respondan a los tratamientos estandares.


Subject(s)
Acetamides/therapeutic use , Neuralgia/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Lacosamide , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Young Adult
12.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(9): 385-388, 1 mayo, 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-120528

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La migraña puede cursar con síntomas autonómicos craneales propios de las cefaleas trigeminoautonómicas, lo que plantea dificultades en el diagnóstico. Objetivo. Describir una serie de diez pacientes con edema palpebral asociado a la migraña. Pacientes y métodos. Diez pacientes atendidos en la consulta de cefaleas de tres hospitales (nueve mujeres, un varón; edad: 26-53 años), con edema palpebral recurrente asociado a la migraña. Resultados. Según los criterios diagnósticos de la Clasificación Internacional de las Cefaleas (ICHD-III, versión beta), ocho pacientes presentaban migraña sin aura, una tenía migraña con aura y otra, migraña crónica. El edema palpebral aparecía durante las crisis de migraña más intensas, y tenía mayor duración que la cefalea. Se descartaron causas farmacológicas o sistémicas del edema en todos los casos. Otros síntomas autonómicos asociados fueron la inyección conjuntival (n = 3), el lagrimeo (n = 2) y la rinorrea (n = 1). Tanto el dolor como el edema asociado respondieron a los tratamientos sintomáticos y preventivos de la migraña. Conclusiones. El edema palpebral es un posible acompañante de la migraña. Aparece en algunos pacientes con los episodios de mayor intensidad, y responde al tratamiento sintomático y preventivo de la migraña (AU)


Introduction. Migraine may present with cranial autonomic symptoms typical of trigeminal-autonomic cephalalgias, thus posing diagnostic difficulties. Aim. To report a series of patients with prominent eyelid oedema associated with migraine. Patients and methods. Ten patients attending the headache offices in three hospitals (nine women, one man; age: 26-53 years-old) with recurrent eyelid oedema as a migraine accompaniment. Results. According to the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-III, beta version), eight patients had migraine without aura, one had migraine with aura, and one had chronic migraine. Eyelid oedema appeared during the most severe headache attacks, and had longer duration than the pain. Pharmacological or systemic causes of the oedema were ruled out in all cases. Other associated autonomic symptoms were conjunctival injection (n = 3), lacrimation (n = 2) and rhinorrhoea (n = 1). Both the pain and the oedema improved with symptomatic and preventive therapies for migraine. Conclusions. Eyelid oedema may occasionally be a migraine accompaniment. It appears in some patients during their most severe migraine attacks, and may improve with the acute and preventive treatment for migraine (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Migraine Disorders/diagnosis , Blepharitis/etiology , Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Premedication
13.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 57(12): 529-534, 16 dic., 2013. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-127945

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La comorbilidad psiquiátrica en migraña es frecuente, y se ha estudiado más la relacionada con trastornos afectivos y ansiedad que los rasgos de personalidad. Objetivo. Estudiar la presencia de rasgos de personalidad en personas con migraña y su relación con la presencia de migraña crónica o abuso de medicación. Pacientes y métodos. Se evalúan pacientes atendidos consecutivamente en cinco centros. Se exploran, mediante las 22 preguntas del cuestionario de cribado Salamanca, 11 rasgos de personalidad agrupados en tres grupos. Se obtuvieron datos referentes a las características demográficas e impacto de la migraña. Resultados. Se incluyeron en el estudio 164 pacientes (134 mujeres, 30 varones), con una edad media de 36,6 ± 12,5 años (rango: 18-78 años). En la mayoría de los pacientes, el impacto de la migraña fue elevado. Los rasgos de personalidad que aparecieron más frecuentemente fueron: ansioso (53,7%), anancástico (44,5%), histriónico (40,9%) y dependiente (32,9%). El riesgo de migraña crónica fue superior en pacientes con el rasgo anancástico (riesgo relativo = 2,06; intervalo de confianza al 95% = 1,07-3,94; p = 0,027). Conclusiones. Hay rasgos de personalidad detectables con el cuestionario Salamanca muy frecuentes en pacientes migrañosos. En nuestra serie, el rasgo anancástico se relaciona con la presencia de migraña crónica (AU)


Introduction. Psychiatric comorbidity is frequent in cases of migraine and research has focused more on that related to affective disorders and anxiety than to personality traits. Aims. To study the presence of personality traits in persons with migraine and how they are related with the presence of chronic migraine or medication abuse. Patients and methods. Patients attended consecutively in five centres were evaluated. The 22 questions in the Salamanca screening questionnaire were used to explore 11 personality traits classified in three groups. Data were obtained concerning demographic characteristics and the impact of migraine. Results. The sample used in the study included 164 patients (134 females and 30 males), with a mean age of 36.6 ± 12.5 years (range: 18-78 years). In most patients, the impact of migraine was high. The personality traits that appeared most frequently ere: anxious (53.7%), anankastic (44.5%), histrionic (40.9%) and dependent (32.9%). The risk of chronic migraine was higher in patients with the anankastic trait (relative risk = 2.06; confidence interval at 95% = 1.07-3.94; p = 0.027). Conclusions. Some of the personality traits that can be detected with the Salamanca questionnaire are very common in patients with migraine. In our series, the anankastic trait is related with the presence of chronic migraine (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Personality Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Migraine Disorders/psychology , Headache Disorders, Secondary/psychology , Psychometrics/instrumentation , Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry)/statistics & numerical data , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Mass Screening/methods
14.
Rev Neurol ; 57(12): 529-34, 2013 Dec 16.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24288101

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Psychiatric comorbidity is frequent in cases of migraine and research has focused more on that related to affective disorders and anxiety than to personality traits. AIMS: To study the presence of personality traits in persons with migraine and how they are related with the presence of chronic migraine or medication abuse. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients attended consecutively in five centres were evaluated. The 22 questions in the Salamanca screening questionnaire were used to explore 11 personality traits classified in three groups. Data were obtained concerning demographic characteristics and the impact of migraine. RESULTS: The sample used in the study included 164 patients (134 females and 30 males), with a mean age of 36.6 ± 12.5 years (range: 18-78 years). In most patients, the impact of migraine was high. The personality traits that appeared most frequently were: anxious (53.7%), anankastic (44.5%), histrionic (40.9%) and dependent (32.9%). The risk of chronic migraine was higher in patients with the anankastic trait (relative risk = 2.06; confidence interval at 95% = 1.07-3.94; p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Some of the personality traits that can be detected with the Salamanca questionnaire are very common in patients with migraine. In our series, the anankastic trait is related with the presence of chronic migraine.


TITLE: Rasgos de personalidad en pacientes migrañosos: estudio multicentrico utilizando el cuestionario de cribado Salamanca.Introduccion. La comorbilidad psiquiatrica en migraña es frecuente, y se ha estudiado mas la relacionada con trastornos afectivos y ansiedad que los rasgos de personalidad. Objetivo. Estudiar la presencia de rasgos de personalidad en personas con migraña y su relacion con la presencia de migraña cronica o abuso de medicacion. Pacientes y metodos. Se evaluan pacientes atendidos consecutivamente en cinco centros. Se exploran, mediante las 22 preguntas del cuestionario de cribado Salamanca, 11 rasgos de personalidad agrupados en tres grupos. Se obtuvieron datos referentes a las caracteristicas demograficas e impacto de la migraña. Resultados. Se incluyeron en el estudio 164 pacientes (134 mujeres, 30 varones), con una edad media de 36,6 ± 12,5 años (rango: 18-78 años). En la mayoria de los pacientes, el impacto de la migraña fue elevado. Los rasgos de personalidad que aparecieron mas frecuentemente fueron: ansioso (53,7%), anancastico (44,5%), histrionico (40,9%) y dependiente (32,9%). El riesgo de migraña cronica fue superior en pacientes con el rasgo anancastico (riesgo relativo = 2,06; intervalo de confianza al 95% = 1,07-3,94; p = 0,027). Conclusiones. Hay rasgos de personalidad detectables con el cuestionario Salamanca muy frecuentes en pacientes migrañosos. En nuestra serie, el rasgo anancastico se relaciona con la presencia de migraña cronica.


Subject(s)
Migraine Disorders/psychology , Personality , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Comorbidity , Female , Headache Disorders, Secondary/epidemiology , Headache Disorders, Secondary/psychology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Migraine Disorders/epidemiology , Personality Disorders/epidemiology , Personality Inventory , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
15.
J Colloid Interface Sci ; 343(2): 574-83, 2010 Mar 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20060981

ABSTRACT

A theory, based on the presence of an adsorbed film in the vicinity of the triple contact line, provides a molecular interpretation of intrinsic hysteresis during the measurement of static contact angles. Static contact angles are measured by placing a sessile drop on top of a flat solid surface. If the solid surface has not been previously in contact with a vapor phase saturated with the molecules of the liquid phase, the solid surface is free of adsorbed liquid molecules. In the absence of an adsorbed film, molecular forces configure an advancing contact angle larger than the static contact angle. After some time, due to an evaporation/adsorption process, the interface of the drop coexists with an adsorbed film of liquid molecules as part of the equilibrium configuration, denoted as the static contact angle. This equilibrium configuration is metastable because the droplet has a larger vapor pressure than the surrounding flat film. As the drop evaporates, the vapor/liquid interface contracts and the apparent contact line moves towards the center of the drop. During this process, the film left behind is thicker than the adsorbed film and molecular attraction results in a receding contact angle, smaller than the equilibrium contact angle.

16.
Org Lett ; 9(1): 13-6, 2007 Jan 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17192073

ABSTRACT

[reaction: see text] The new macrocycle 9 (>70% yield from hydroxythiol 10) was treated with several nucleophilic reagents (RMgX, RLi, and LiAlH4) affording carbinols 12a-j (80-96% yield, >99:1 dr). Oxidative hydrolysis of 12a,c,e, followed by LiAlH4 reduction of the resulting mixture, gave 16a,c,e in >95% ee,16c being a key precursor for the preparation of fungicide 17. The absolute configuration of 9 and 12j (Nu = H) was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and chemical correlation.

17.
Langmuir ; 21(2): 610-6, 2005 Jan 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15641830

ABSTRACT

Multiple Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of arachidic acid were deposited on germanium (Ge) substrates from subphase solutions of 10(-4) M CdCl2 at different pH values and at different deposition speeds. Attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy was used to obtain information on the molecular order and structure of these multilayer LB films. At pHs higher than the pKa of the fatty acid/cation system, transfers took place only during the downstroke, indicating X-type deposition. At pH = pKa and large deposition speeds, deposition partially failed during the downstroke, resulting in Z-type depositions. Analysis of the infrared spectra indicates that multiple LB films deposited only during the upstroke (Z-type) or during downstrokes (X-type) have a centrosymmetric structure typical of films deposited during the upstroke and downstroke, except for a slight decrease in molecular order and tilt angle as the pH increases (X-type). The centrosymmetric structure indicates that rearrangement of layers takes place between cycles. Experimental evidence of such rearrangement occurring in a fatty acid/divalent cation salt subphase is shown here, and rearrangement alternatives are discussed.

18.
Rev. esp. nutr. comunitaria ; 10(2): 56-63, abr. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-34723

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Evaluar la eficacia del TROFIN en niños hasta dos años de edad con anemia ferripriva y desnutrición proteico energética en fase de recuperación, que ingresaron en el Hospital Pediátrico de Ciudad Habana, Cuba. Métodos: En un estudio longitudinal se estudiaron 93 niños de ambos sexos con diagnóstico de desnutrición proteico energética y anemia ferripriva, los que fueron divididos de forma aleatoria en dos grupos para su tratamiento. El grupo I (n= 50) recibió tratamiento con TROFIN, producto de origen natural elaborado a partir de sangre bovina y miel de abejas; con el grupo II (n= 43) se utilizó el método convencional con sales de hierro (Fumarato Ferroso). La dosis diaria para ambos grupos de tratamiento fue de 4 mg/kg/día. Antes y después del tratamiento se les realizó estudios clínicos, hematológicos y antropométricos que incluyeron determinaciones de hemoglobina, hematocrito, hierro sérico, evaluación del peso para la talla (P/T) y peso para la edad (P/E). El análisis de los datos incluyó análisis de varianza, test de la t de Student para comparación de las medias. Resultados: Se encontró un incremento de los parámetros hematológicos y antropométricos de significación estadística (p<0,05) en el grupo tratado con TROFIN respecto a los que recibieron el tratamiento convencional. Conclusión: El TROFIN resultó bien tolerado por los infantes, no ocasionó reacciones adversas en ninguno de los casos tratados y su recuperación fue superior en el mismo período de tiempo al tratamiento convencional con sales de hierro (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Male , Child , Humans , Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Nutrition Disorders/diet therapy , Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Analysis of Variance , Fumarates/therapeutic use , 16595/diagnosis , 16595/metabolism , Iron Salts , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/diagnosis , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/diet therapy , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/therapy , Longitudinal Studies , Nutritional Status , Nutritional Status/physiology , Anthropometry/methods
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