ABSTRACT
Para conocer la necesidad de educación para la salud, se ha centrado la atención en una situación habitual: la fiebre. El estudio recoge 900 encuestas sobre conocimientos básicos y conducta ante un niño febril, aplicadas a personas al cuidado de niños en el momento de la realización. Las respuestas obtenidas confirman errores frecuentes en todos los apartados. La instrucción a los niños, las madres y los cuidadores se muestra esencial para reducir la urgencia innecesaria y la iatrogenia. Los cursos de puericultura dirigidos a este tipo de población deberían adquirir una mayor relevancia, incluyendo la educación general para la salud en las escuelas, a las madres potenciales y reales y, en general, al personal encargado del cuidado del niño (AU)
For the purpose of determining health education needs, we focused on a common complaint: fever. The study is based on 900 surveys dealing with basic knowledge and behavior in the event of fever in a child, distributed among caregivers working with children at the time it was carried out. This survey confirms the existence of common errors with respect to fever, antipyretic drugs and physical antipyretic measures. Education for children, mothers and caregivers is shown to be essential to reduce unnecessary emergencies and drug side effects. Greater emphasis should be placed on child care courses, including general education on health care offered in schools, to present and future mothers and, in general, to all caregivers dealing with children (AU)
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Fever/classification , Fever/diagnosis , Fever/prevention & control , Health Education/methods , Health Education/statistics & numerical data , Health Education/trendsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Se intenta evaluar los conocimientos que sobre puericultura poseen los responsables de los niños durante su horario escolar y la utilidad de instruir a este colectivo sobre temas sanitarios. Material y métodos: Aprovechando un curso de puericultura para maestros, se confeccionó un cuestionario sobre actuaciones inmediatas ante algunos de los procesos que iban a ser tratados. Como muestra, los participantes del curso cumplimentaron anónimamente las preguntas antes y después de seguir el curso. Resultados: Las respuestas obtenidas antes del curso demuestran la necesidad de impartir conocimientos a este colectivo, y las obtenidas tras su realización, la eficacia instructiva y gran repercusión sanitaria que puede llegar a tener esta actividad. Discusión: Al tratarse de una muestra reducida, los resultados son meramente informativos y esto obliga a desarrollar nuevos y más amplios trabajos sobre estos aspectos. Conclusión: Los cursos de puericultura para maestros pueden ser de gran utilidad para mejorar la salud de los niños e iniciarles en su educación sanitaria, por ello deberían fomentarse (AU)
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Child Care/methods , Health Promotion , Health Education , Surveys and Questionnaires , Fever , Diarrhea , Burns , Seizures , Drowning , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , VomitingABSTRACT
Se valoran los gastos sanitarios producidos como consecuencia de una mala utilización de las urgencias pediátricas en un centro cuya cobertura supera los 350.000 habitantes. Se reflexiona sobre el detrimento que implica, tanto para el área primaria que asiste, como para estos servicios (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Hospitals, Pediatric/economics , Emergency Medical Services/economics , Health Expenditures/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/economics , Cost-Benefit AnalysisABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Female , Male , Child , Humans , Self Medication/adverse effects , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Drug Resistance, Microbial/immunology , Aminoglycosides/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Se consideran los motivos por los que nuestra sociedad ha aumentado el consumo de fármacos, así como las causas mejor conocidas de incumplimiento terapéutico. Se revisan los efectos indeseados de los fármacos más utilizados en pediatría, ratificando la necesidad de potenciar políticas sanitarias en el área primaria que mejoren su uso y minimicen estos riesgos (AU)
Subject(s)
Female , Child, Preschool , Infant , Male , Child , Humans , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Pharmaceutical Preparations/adverse effects , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Self Medication/adverse effects , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/adverse effects , Drug Interactions , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: We report our experience during the past 10 years in the management of accidental punctures. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A study was made of all hypodermic needle punctures recorded in children aged 0-14 years in our center since 1987. A clinical protocol consisting of 5 visits and duration of 6-7 months was used in all cases. RESULTS: A total of 150 punctures were recorded during the study period with a decrease in prevalence over time. All cases the clinical protocol was accepted and correct follow-up procedures were performed. In no case was post-puncture sero-conversion detected for HCV, HBV, or HIV among correctly immunized children. CONCLUSIONS: The protocol employed is useful and well accepted with the risk of infection caused by accidental puncture being remote provided initial patient care was adequate.
Subject(s)
Accidents , Needles , Wounds, Penetrating/prevention & control , Child , Clinical Protocols , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: A study was made of head injuries among children treated in hospital emergency services, along with an analysis of the corresponding health care pressures, type of treatment and possibilities of prevention. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of the last 152 pediatric head injuries seen in our center, with an evaluation of patient age, the cause and place of injury, and the individuals present at the time of the injury. When, where and what form of first aid was provided was also studied, along with the time elapsed before the arrival at the center, the reason for the consultation, severity of the injury and the treatment dispensed. The costs entailed are also evaluated. RESULTS: During the study period, pediatric head injuries accounted for 5.25% of healthcare demands. A large majority of the injuries took place at home, in parks or at school (95.39%), in the presence of relatives or tutors, and with a male predominance of 2:1. In terms of age and sex distribution, two well differentiated groups were established, corresponding to ranges of 0-7 and 7-14 years. On the average, 30-40 minutes elapsed between the injury and arrival at the Emergency Room with most cases (80.27%) corresponding to minor injuries. Moderate head trauma accounted for 19.73% of the cases. Evaluation in the form of anamnesis and clinical exploration, with a 24 hour guided observation period, proved to be the most effective approach. Only 1.97% of the patients required cranial CAT exploration, with head X-rays proving to be ineffective and to generate unnecessary costs in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: The management of pediatric head injuries should be returned to the charge of the primary healthcare areas. The adoption of such measure would improve prevention and treatment, while curbing costs. Cranial radiological exploration should be discarded as a complementary evaluation parameter. Within each particular healthcare area, common protocols should be established to facilitate the follow-up of these patients from the time of first arrival, including a 24 hour guided observation period even in the case of only slight head injuries.
Subject(s)
Brain Injuries , Adolescent , Age Distribution , Brain Injuries/diagnosis , Brain Injuries/epidemiology , Brain Injuries/therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Emergency Service, Hospital , Female , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Male , Sex Distribution , Trauma Severity IndicesABSTRACT
After programme a inquiry-type this carry out itself amongst the families that adopted children with antibodies from the human immunodeficiency virus (AcVIH) in, they communicate the facts collected about the problematic that raise their adoption. They provide some conclusions.
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Adoption , HIV Seropositivity , Child , Humans , SpainABSTRACT
A social study is made of 60 families with offspring presenting antibodies to HIV and monitored in our Service. Their data are compared with those obtained from an HIV antibody-negative control population randomly extracted from our Center.
