Eficacia de la intervención psicológica grupal en atención primaria / Effectiveness of psychological intervention by groups in Primary Care

OBJETIVO: El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la eficacia de la aplicación de un tratamiento psicológico grupal, realizado en el servicio de atención primaria por psicología clínica, dirigido a reducir sintomatología ansiosa siguiendo un modelo transdiagnóstico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: La evaluación se realizó mediante el cuestionario Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Short Form A (CORE-SFA). Se aplicó un tratamiento cognitivo-conductual grupal de 4 sesiones de duración, con una frecuencia semanal, que incluía como componentes psicoeducación, reestructuración cognitiva, entrenamiento en asertividad, higiene del sueño, solución de problemas, técnicas de relajación y manejo del tiempo. Los datos del estudio fueron recabados entre enero de 2015 y octubre de 2016, con una muestra total de 48 pacientes. RESULTADOS: Con la intervención, como se evidencia en la evaluación pretest-postest, se consiguió una reducción estadísticamente significativa de la sintomatología ansiosa. Además, un 79,2% de los pacientes recibieron el alta tras la intervención grupal. CONCLUSIONES: Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados del estudio, que apoyan la eficacia de la terapia cognitivo-conductual transdiagnóstica grupal en atención primaria para el tratamiento de la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva subclínica

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyse the efficacy of a trans-diagnostic psychological therapy group aimed at reducing anxiety symptomatology. This was delivered within a Primary Care setting by clinical psychology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The assessment was completed through the outcome measure Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Short Form A (CORE-SFA). The intervention consisted of a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy group that delivered one session a week for 4 weeks. Components of this therapy included: psycho-education, cognitive restructuring, assertiveness training, sleep hygiene, problem solving, relaxation techniques, and time management. The data for this study was collected between January 2015 and October 2016, with a sample of 48 patients. RESULTS: Results from the data collected demonstrated a statistically significant reduction of the anxiety symptomatology. Moreover, 79.2% of the sample was discharged from services following this group intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical implications of this study are discussed, supporting the efficacy of a trans-diagnostic Cognitive Behavioural Therapy group in a Primary Care setting for the treatment of symptoms of sub-clinical anxiety and depression

[Effectiveness of psychological intervention by groups in Primary Care]. / Eficacia de la intervención psicológica grupal en atención primaria.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyse the efficacy of a trans-diagnostic psychological therapy group aimed at reducing anxiety symptomatology. This was delivered within a Primary Care setting by clinical psychology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The assessment was completed through the outcome measure Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Short Form A (CORE-SFA). The intervention consisted of a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy group that delivered one session a week for 4 weeks. Components of this therapy included: psycho-education, cognitive restructuring, assertiveness training, sleep hygiene, problem solving, relaxation techniques, and time management. The data for this study was collected between January 2015 and October 2016, with a sample of 48 patients. RESULTS: Results from the data collected demonstrated a statistically significant reduction of the anxiety symptomatology. Moreover, 79.2% of the sample was discharged from services following this group intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical implications of this study are discussed, supporting the efficacy of a trans-diagnostic Cognitive Behavioural Therapy group in a Primary Care setting for the treatment of symptoms of sub-clinical anxiety and depression.

Fast measurements of average flow velocity by Low-Field ¹H NMR.

In this paper, we describe a method for measuring the average flow velocity of a sample by means of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. This method is based on the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) sequence and does not require the application of any additional static or pulsed magnetic field gradients to the background magnetic field. The technique is based on analyzing the early-time behavior of the echo amplitudes of the CPMG sequence. Measurements of average flow velocity of water are presented. The experimental results show a linear relationship between the slope/y-intercept ratio of a linear fit of the first echoes in the CPMG sequence, and the average flow velocity of the flowing fluid. The proposed method can be implemented in low-cost Low-Field NMR spectrometers allowing a continuous monitoring of the average velocity of a fluid in almost real-time, even if the flow velocity changes rapidly.

Alteration of the renal regulatory hormonal pattern during experimental obstructive jaundice.

OBJECTIVE: The alteration of hormones regulating sodium and water status is related to renal failure in obstructive jaundice (OJ). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: OJ was induced by common bile duct ligation. Samples were obtained from the control (SO) and OJ groups at 24 and 72 hours, and at 7 days. Different parameters related to biliary obstruction, liver and renal injury, and vasoactive mediators such as renin, aldosterone, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were studied. RESULTS: Bile duct ligation caused an increase in total bilirubin (p < 0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) (p < 0.001). The SO and OJ groups had the same values for diuresis, renin, and creatinine clearance at 24 h. However, animals with OJ had a lower sodium concentration in urine than SO animals (p < 0.01), as well as an increase in aldosterone levels (p < 0.03). ANP levels were moderately increased during OJ but did not reach statistical significance when compared to the SO group. In contrast, OJ animals showed a rise in serum ET-1 concentration (p < 0.001) and increased PGE2 in urine (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Biliary obstruction induced an increase in ET-1 release and PGE2 urine excretion. These hormones might play a role during the renal complications associated with renal disturbances that occur during OJ.

Alteration of the renal regulatory hormonal pattern during experimental obstructive jaundice

Objective: the alteration of hormones regulating sodium andwater status is related to renal failure in obstructive jaundice (OJ).Experimental design: OJ was induced by common bile ductligation. Samples were obtained from the control (SO) and OJgroups at 24 and 72 hours, and at 7 days. Different parametersrelated to biliary obstruction, liver and renal injury, and vasoactivemediators such as renin, aldosterone, endothelin-1 (ET-1) andprostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were studied.Results: bile duct ligation caused an increase in total bilirubin(p < 0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) (p < 0.001). The SOand OJ groups had the same values for diuresis, renin, and creatinineclearance at 24 h. However, animals with OJ had a lowersodium concentration in urine than SO animals (p < 0.01), as wellas an increase in aldosterone levels (p < 0.03). ANP levels weremoderately increased during OJ but did not reach statistical significancewhen compared to the SO group. In contrast, OJ animalsshowed a rise in serum ET-1 concentration (p < 0.001) and increasedPGE2 in urine (p < 0.001).Conclusions: biliary obstruction induced an increase in ET-1release and PGE2 urine excretion. These hormones might play arole during the renal complications associated with renal disturbancesthat occur during OJ(AU)

Effect of red wine on oxidative stress and hypercholesterolemia induced by feeding a high-cholesterol diet in rat.

The effect of red wine on oxidative stress and hypercholesterolemia induced by feeding a high-cholesterol diet (supplemented with 1.65% of cholesterol (w/w) for 4 weeks) to female Wistar rats was examined. When red wine was simultaneously supplemented to high-cholesterol diet, total cholesterol, triglycerides, atherogenic index and lipid peroxidation products significantly decreased compared with the high-cholesterol diet alone, while GSH content and antioxidative enzymes activities were enhanced. In the hypercholesterolemic rat the excretion of fecal bile acids, as well as their plasma and hepatic concentrations were increased significantly. Administration of red wine enhanced these values, indicating an increase in the cholesterol degradation. These results suggest that red wine may have a protective effect against oxidative stress, hypercholesterolemia and atherogenic index induced by high-cholesterol diet.