Percepción de los riesgos de su puesto de trabajo de los médicos internos residentes de un hospital secundario / Occupational risks perception in medical internal residents of a secondary hospital

Introducción. La formación sanitaria especializada (‘residencia’) es un período crucial para el desarrollo profesional posterior. Pretendimos objetivar cuáles son los riesgos que más preocupan a los residentes de nuestro hospital y compararlos con los resultados de la evaluación de riesgos realizada en sus puestos de trabajo para poder plantear estrategias que nos ayuden en nuestra práctica diaria. Sujetos y métodos. Estudio descriptivo en la población de 83 residentes que se incorporaron al hospital durante los años2005-2007. Se obtuvieron los datos de una encuesta, revisando sus historias clínico-laborales y la evaluación de riesgos. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de estas variables, se compararon los resultados de la encuesta con la evaluación por los técnicos y se analizó la posible asociación de la percepción del riesgo con la especialidad o el año de residencia mediante el programa estadístico Stata. Resultados. Los riesgos más referidos son las radiaciones ionizantes y los psicosociales, seguidos de los biológicos y ergonómicos, aunque varía a lo largo de la residencia. Existen discrepancias muy significativas entre lo que refieren los encuestados y la evaluación de riesgos de los técnicos. Conclusiones. La percepción de los riesgos laborales en los residentes no se corresponde con las condiciones de trabajo objetivadas por los técnicos en la mayoría de los riesgos valorados por diferentes razones. Desarrollar un programa formativo específico para este colectivo les ayudaría a tener un conocimiento más realista. Algunos riesgos requerirían una reevaluación por la parte técnica tomando en consideración la percepción de la situación de riesgo (AU)

Introduction. The medical specialized training ‘residence’ is a critical period for the later professional development. We tried to determine which risks the residents perceive in their activities and to compare them with the risk evaluation developed in their jobsites, to design oriented strategies that help us in daily practice. Subjects and methods. We have implemented a descriptive study whose targeted population was 83 residents who entered in the hospital along the period 2005-2007. Data was obtained through a survey specifically designed and their clinical occupational files –including the risk evaluation–. We have made a descriptive analysis of personal perception and technical evaluation data and verified its relationships with some theoretical determinant factors like year of residence or medical specialty. Results. The risks mainly perceived by residents are: ionizing radiation and psychosocial ones and, secondly, biological and ergonomic risks. We evidence a gap between the survey’s results and the risk evaluation data linked to different factors. Occupational risks perception changes along the years of training residence keeping different trend models (increasing or decreasing the gap) according to different types of risk. Conclusions. In most of situations residents’ occupational risks perception does not correspond directly with their objective work conditions. Developing a formative program specifically addressed to these workers would help them to better recognise and manage. Some risks should be reassessed by technicians taking into account the analyzed group’s perception (AU)

[The study of occupational satisfaction and its determining factors among health professionals working in one of the areas in Madrid]. / Estudio de la satisfacción laboral y sus determinantes en los trabajadores sanitarios de un área de Madrid.

BACKGROUND: It is well known that job satisfaction influences health care services quality. The aim of this study is to evaluate sanitary workers' job satisfaction and to determine its components, in a sanitary district institutions: primary health care centres, speciality centres and district hospital. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was designed. The sample is proportional, stratified and randomized. It is composed of 947 workers, 460 of which are speciality care workers (SCW) (from a total study population of 1579 people), and 486 are primary care workers (PCW) (the whole population of PCW) from the tenth sanitary area of Madrid. We have used two questionnaires: the first one is Font-Roja's questionnaire which consists of 27 items that are evaluated through a Likert 1-5 scale. The second questionnaire consists of independent variables: socio-demographic and job variables. We have made an exploratory factorial analysis of various satisfaction components. We have evaluated the relationship between each dimension and the independent variables. RESULTS: 255 professionals of SCW (55.4% of the whole) and 357 of PCW (73.9% of the whole) answered the questionnaire. The dimensions that reached the lowest score were these factors: stress related with job and professional promotion (this factor was lowest in nurses and administrative worker). There are significant differences with respect to studied factors, professional level, and kind of job. CONCLUSIONS: We have found a half way satisfaction level in this sanitary district health care workers. Our results suggest that modifications in management and working conditions are needed, according to satisfaction dimension scores.