In vitro 3D co-culture model of human endothelial and smooth muscle cells to study pathological vascular remodeling. / Modelo de cocultivo 3D in vitro de células endoteliales y vasculares de músculo liso humanas para el estudio del remodelado vascular patológico.

Pathological vascular remodeling of the vessel wall refers to the structural and functional changes of the vessel wall that occur in response to injury that eventually leads to cardiovascular disease. The vessel wall is composed of two main types of cells, endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, whose communication is crucial in both the development of the vasculature and the homeostasis of mature vessels. Changes in the dialogue between endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells are associated with various pathological states that triggers remodeling of the vascular wall. For many years, considerable efforts have been made to develop effective diagnoses and treatments for these pathologies by studying their mechanisms in both in vitro and in vivo models. Compared to animal models, in vitro models can provide great opportunities to obtain data in a more homogeneous, economical and massive way, providing an overview of the signaling pathways responsible for these pathologies. The implementation of three-dimensional in vitro co-culture models for the study of other pathologies has been postulated as a potentially applicable methodology, which determines the importance of its application in studies of cardiovascular diseases. In this article we present a method for culturing human endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, grown under non-adherent conditions, that generate three-dimensional spheroidal structures with greater physiological equivalence to in vivo conditions. This in vitro modeling could be used as a study tool to identify cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the pathological processes underlying vascular remodeling.

Frank's sign associated with the severity of ischemic heart disease in patients under 65 years old / Signo de Frank asociado con la gravedad de la cardiopatía isquémica en adultos de edad inferior o igual a 65 años

Background and objective Frank's sign is the diagonal ear fold which has been associated with ischemic heart disease. The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship of Frank's sign with severity of ischemic heart disease in adults ≤ 65 years old in the northeast of Mexico. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients ≤ 65 years old who underwent coronary angiography consecutively over a period of 5 months in 2022. Severe coronary artery disease (CAD) was associated with Frank's sign and other common cardiovascular risks. To determine the association, bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression that included variables with a value of p<0.05. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 22. Results We included 311 patients ≤ 65 years, of whom 80% were men. The median age was 57 years (range 28–65). Frank's sign was positive in 62% of the population. The main clinical characteristics in patients with Frank's sign were type 2 diabetes mellitus (55%), p=0.003, dyslipidemia (53%), p=0.026 and smoking (68%), p=0.002. In the multivariate analysis, the independent variables associated with severe CAD were Frank's Sign OR 3.26; 95% CI (1.98–5.38), p≤0.001, male gender OR 2.28; 95% CI (1.20–4.35), p=0.012, and dyslipidemia OR 1.81; 95% CI (1.11–2.97), p=0.017. Conclusions There is an independent association between Frank's sign with the presence of severe CAD in patients ≤ 65 years old, which may be useful for screening and prevention (AU)

Antecedentes y objetivo El signo de pliegue diagonal de la oreja o signo de Frank se ha asociado con cardiopatía isquémica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la relación del signo de Frank con la gravedad de la cardiopatía isquémica en adultos≤65años en el noreste de México. Pacientes y métodos Se realizó un estudio transversal en pacientes ≤65años sometidos a coronariografía de manera consecutiva en un periodo de 5 meses en 2022. Se relacionó la enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC) grave con el signo de Frank y los factores de riesgo cardiovascular tradicionales. Para determinar la asociación se realizó análisis bivariado y multivariado mediante regresión logística que incluyó las variables con valor de p<0,05. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS versión 22. Resultados Se incluyeron 311 pacientes≤65años, de los cuales el 80% fueron hombres. La mediana de edad fue 57 años (rango de 28-65 años). El 62% de los pacientes presentó el signo de Frank. Las principales características clínicas en pacientes con signo de Frank fueron diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (55%), p=0,003, dislipidemia (53%), p=0,026 y tabaquismo (68%), p=0,002. En el análisis multivariado las variables independientes asociadas a EAC grave fueron el signo de Frank (OR: 3,26; IC 95%: 1,98-5,38; p≤0,001), sexo masculino (OR: 2,28; IC 95%: 1,20-4,35; p=0,012) y dislipidemia (OR: 1,81; IC 95%: 1,11-2,97; p=0,017). Conclusiones Existe asociación independiente del signo de Frank con la presencia de EAC grave en pacientes≤65años, que puede ser útil para el cribado y la prevención (AU)

Frank's sign associated with the severity of ischemic heart disease in patients under 65 years old.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Frank's sign is the diagonal ear fold which has been associated with ischemic heart disease. The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship of Frank's sign with severity of ischemic heart disease in adults ≤ 65 years old in the northeast of Mexico. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients ≤ 65 years old who underwent coronary angiography consecutively over a period of 5 months in 2022. Severe coronary artery disease (CAD) was associated with Frank's sign and other common cardiovascular risks. To determine the association, bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression that included variables with a value of p<0.05. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 22. RESULTS: We included 311 patients ≤ 65 years, of whom 80% were men. The median age was 57 years (range 28-65). Frank's sign was positive in 62% of the population. The main clinical characteristics in patients with Frank's sign were type 2 diabetes mellitus (55%), p=0.003, dyslipidemia (53%), p=0.026 and smoking (68%), p=0.002. In the multivariate analysis, the independent variables associated with severe CAD were Frank's Sign OR 3.26; 95% CI (1.98-5.38), p≤0.001, male gender OR 2.28; 95% CI (1.20-4.35), p=0.012, and dyslipidemia OR 1.81; 95% CI (1.11-2.97), p=0.017. CONCLUSIONS: There is an independent association between Frank's sign with the presence of severe CAD in patients ≤ 65 years old, which may be useful for screening and prevention.

Utilidad del índice de comorbilidad de Charlson en personas ancianas. Concordancia con otros índices de comorbilidad / Utility of the Charlson Comorbidity Index in older people and concordance with other comorbidity indices

Objetivo: El objetivo principal de nuestro estudio fue evaluar la utilidad actual del índice de comorbilidad de Charlson (CCI) para predecir la mortalidad en personas mayores y la concordancia entre varios índices. Diseño: Estudio observacional, cohorte concurrente. Emplazamiento: Servicio de Medicina Interna de un hospital terciario, pacientes ambulatorios de un centro de salud y residentes de cuatro hogares de ancianos. Participantes: 375 individuos ≥ 65 años, con supervivencia esperada ≥ 6 meses, sin deterioro cognitivo. Mediciones principales: Se realizaron tres índices: CCI, el índice geriátrico de comorbilidad (GIC) y el índice de Kaplan-Feinstein (KF). A los 12 meses, se registró mortalidad. Los datos se analizaron con IBM SPSS Statistics® versión 23.0. Resultados: Edad media: 81,4 años. El CCI mostró comorbilidad baja-media en el grupo ambulatorio de 65-75 años (43 [75,4%]); moderada-alta más común en hospitalizados (19 [61,3%]) y en hogares de ancianos (5 [62,5%]). Al año fallecieron 59 (16,1%) individuos: con CCI: 10 (6,4%) comorbilidad baja-media y 49 (23,3%) moderada-alta, odds ratio (OR) 3,63 (intervalo de confianza [IC] 95% 1,76-7,51); con KF: 27 (13,3%) baja-media y 32 (19,5%) moderada-alta, OR 1,38 (IC 95% 0,78-2,44), y con GIC: 45 (14,1%) baja-media y 14 (29,2%) moderada-alta, OR 2,47 (IC 95% 1,21-5,06). La concordancia entre CCI-KF fue: 65-75 años: K = 0,62, 76-85 años: K = 0,396, y ≥ 86 años: K = 0,255. La concordancia entre CCI-GIC: 65-75 años: K = 0,202, 76-85 años: K = 0,069, y ≥ 86 años: K = 0,118. Conclusión: El CCI es el mejor predictor de mortalidad después de 1 año de seguimiento. Concordancia considerable entre CCI y KF en los individuos de 65-75 años, en el resto de las franjas etarias la correlación con GIC fue insignificante.(AU)

Background: The main aim of our study was to evaluate the current usefulness of the CCI in predicting mortality in older people and the concordance between various comorbidity indices. Design: An observational, concurrent cohort study was performed. Location: Internal Medicine Service of a tertiary hospital, outpatients in a health centre and residents in four nursing homes. Participants: 375 individuals ≥65 years and with expected survival ≥6 months, without cognitive impairment. Main measurements: Three indices, the CCI, the Geriatric Index of comorbidity (GIC), and the Kaplan-Feinstein index (KFI), were administered in all participants. At 12 months, mortality was evaluated. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 statistical programme. Results: Average age 81.4 years. The CCI revealed low-medium comorbidity in the outpatient group aged 65-75: 43 (75.4%), moderate-high morbidity and more common in hospitalized patients: 19 (61.3%) and nursing homes: 5 (62.5%). At one year follow-up 59 (16.1%) individuals died: CCI: 10 (6.4%) low-medium and 49 (23.3%) moderate-high comorbidity, OR 3.63 (95% CI 1.76-7.51); KF: 27 (13.3%) low-medium and 32 (19.5%) moderate-high comorbidity, OR 1.38 (95% CI 0.78-2.44) and GIC: 45 (14.1%) low-medium and 14 (29.2%) moderate-high comorbidity, OR 2.47 (95% CI 1.21-5.06). The concordance between CCI-KF: 65-75 years K=0.62, 76-85 years: K=0.396 and ≥86 years: K=0.255. Concordance between CCI-GIC was: 65-75 years K=0.202, 76-85 years: K=0.069 and ≥86 years: K=0.118. Conclusion: CCI was found to be the best predictor of mortality after one year of follow up. There was considerable concordance between CCI and KF in the 65-75 years and remaining age groups. Correlation with GIC was low.(AU)

Nutritional profile of multiple sclerosis / Perfil nutricional de la esclerosis múltiple

Background: multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Weight loss and malnutrition are prevalent in advanced stages of MS. Objective: the aim of this study was to define the nutritional profile in moderate-advanced MS (especially by documenting malnutrition) and its evolution. Methods: a case-control study was designed; cross-sectional observational study was complemented by a 12-month prospective longitudinal observational study of MS patients. Nutritional status was evaluated by collecting clinical, anthropometric, dietary and analytical data. Results: one hundred and twenty-four patients with MS and 62 controls were recruited; 8% of the patients were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. Only MS patients with advanced disability needed nutritional support. During the follow-up, five patients died and four of them received nutritional support. Conclusions: malnutrition was unusual in our sample of patients with moderate-advanced MS. The need for nutritional support is related to dysphagia in patients with advanced neurological disability. The nutritional status of patients with moderate-advanced MS is defined by a tendency to overweight and by the decrease in basal energy expenditure and handgrip strength test in relation to the loss of muscle mass. The deficient intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber and vitamin D is exacerbated in the evolution of the disease

Introducción: la esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad inflamatoria y neurodegenerativa del sistema nervioso central. La pérdida de peso y la malnutrición son frecuentes en fases avanzadas de la EM. Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue definir el perfil nutricional de la EM en estadio moderado-avanzado (especialmente, documentando la malnutrición) y su evolución a 12 meses. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de casos-controles; el estudio observacional transversal se complementó con un estudio observacional longitudinal prospectivo a 12 meses de los pacientes con EM. El estado nutricional se evaluó mediante la recogida de datos clínicos, antropométricos, dietéticos y analíticos. Resultados: se incluyeron en el estudio 124 pacientes con EM y 62 controles. El 8% de los pacientes estaban desnutridos o en riesgo de desnutrición. Solo los pacientes con EM con discapacidad avanzada necesitaban soporte nutricional. Durante el seguimiento, cinco pacientes fallecieron y cuatro de ellos estaban recibiendo soporte nutricional. Conclusiones: la desnutrición es infrecuente en nuestra muestra de pacientes con EM moderada-avanzada. La necesidad de apoyo nutricional está relacionada con la disfagia en pacientes con discapacidad neurológica avanzada. El estado nutricional de los pacientes con EM moderada-avanzada se define por una tendencia al sobrepeso y por valores bajos en el gasto energético basal y en la dinamometría manual en relación con la pérdida de masa muscular. La ingesta deficiente de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados, fibra y vitamina D se acentúa en la evolución de la enfermedad

Nutritional profile of multiple sclerosis.

INTRODUCTION: Background: multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Weight loss and malnutrition are prevalent in advanced stages of MS. Objective: the aim of this study was to define the nutritional profile in moderate-advanced MS (especially by documenting malnutrition) and its evolution. Methods: a case-control study was designed; cross-sectional observational study was complemented by a 12-month prospective longitudinal observational study of MS patients. Nutritional status was evaluated by collecting clinical, anthropometric, dietary and analytical data. Results: one hundred and twenty-four patients with MS and 62 controls were recruited; 8% of the patients were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. Only MS patients with advanced disability needed nutritional support. During the follow-up, five patients died and four of them received nutritional support. Conclusions: malnutrition was unusual in our sample of patients with moderate-advanced MS. The need for nutritional support is related to dysphagia in patients with advanced neurological disability. The nutritional status of patients with moderate-advanced MS is defined by a tendency to overweight and by the decrease in basal energy expenditure and handgrip strength test in relation to the loss of muscle mass. The deficient intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber and vitamin D is exacerbated in the evolution of the disease.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: la esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad inflamatoria y neurodegenerativa del sistema nervioso central. La pérdida de peso y la malnutrición son frecuentes en fases avanzadas de la EM. Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue definir el perfil nutricional de la EM en estadio moderado-avanzado (especialmente, documentando la malnutrición) y su evolución a 12 meses. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de casos-controles; el estudio observacional transversal se complementó con un estudio observacional longitudinal prospectivo a 12 meses de los pacientes con EM. El estado nutricional se evaluó mediante la recogida de datos clínicos, antropométricos, dietéticos y analíticos. Resultados: se incluyeron en el estudio 124 pacientes con EM y 62 controles. El 8% de los pacientes estaban desnutridos o en riesgo de desnutrición. Solo los pacientes con EM con discapacidad avanzada necesitaban soporte nutricional. Durante el seguimiento, cinco pacientes fallecieron y cuatro de ellos estaban recibiendo soporte nutricional. Conclusiones: la desnutrición es infrecuente en nuestra muestra de pacientes con EM moderada-avanzada. La necesidad de apoyo nutricional está relacionada con la disfagia en pacientes con discapacidad neurológica avanzada. El estado nutricional de los pacientes con EM moderada-avanzada se define por una tendencia al sobrepeso y por valores bajos en el gasto energético basal y en la dinamometría manual en relación con la pérdida de masa muscular. La ingesta deficiente de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados, fibra y vitamina D se acentúa en la evolución de la enfermedad.

You go before me, please: Behavioral politeness and interdependent self as markers of Simpatía in Latinas.

OBJECTIVES: Previous research has documented that Latinos/as value the cultural script Simpatía, a tendency to be kind, polite, and focus on others. No previous study has been able to capture the behavioral markers of Simpatía in a naturalistic environment. METHOD: Behavioral cross-sectional audio data were collected on the daily interactions between Latina and White European mothers with their partners and other adults using a digital audio recorder across 4 days. A mixed-methods approach was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Latinas exhibited increased behavioral Simpatía when talking to other adults compared to White European counterparts. Additionally, Latina mothers chose as a main character of their conversations other people rather than themselves. Conversely, White European mothers chose themselves as a main character of their conversations instead of other people. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that core features of Simpatía (kindness and focus on others) can be found at the behavioral level in the environment that Latina mothers face on a daily basis. Implications for the cultural self and future research are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Las monografías en la edición científica y los perfiles de autoría y productividad en las universidades andaluzas / Monographies in Scholarly Publishing: author's profile and productivity in the andalusies university

La publicación de monografías es una de las actividades más importantes en el ámbito de la edición científica y objetivo prioritario en el sector de la edición universitaria. A pesar de esto se han desarrollado pocos estudios dedicados a su análisis y a las pautas de publicación de sus autores; a extraer perfiles de publicación a partir de la combinación de variables. En este estudio se analizaron las pautas de publicación de autores de universidades andaluzas, desde el punto de vista de la productividad, edad literaria, pertenencia a la universidad y materiales de publicación. El análisis se desarrolló mediante estudio multivariante con el objetivo de detectar los perfiles distintivos de los autores académicos a través del análisis de correspondencias múltiples que permitió establecer los patrones de asociación entre las categorías de las diferentes variables. Se observaron diferencias significativas por áreas científicas, por universidades, por edad literaria y por pertenencia a la universidad. El análisis de cluster mostró igualmente diferencias significativas entre los patrones de publicación de las universidades más antiguas con respecto a las más recientes en todos los parámetros estudiados. Se detectaron cambios importantes entre el estudio desarrollado en 2006 y el actual.

The publication of papers is one of the most important activities in the field of scientific publishing and priority in the academic publishing industry. Yet few studies have been devoted to its analysis and publication patterns of authors to publish profiles extracted from the combination of variables. In this study, analyzed publication patterns of authors from universities in Andalusia, from the standpoint of productivity, literary age, membership in the university and publishing materials. The analysis is developed through multivariate analysis in order to detect distinctive profiles of academic authors through the Multiple Correspondence analysis allows to establish patterns of association between categories of different variables. Significant differences were found by scientific areas by universities, literary age and membership of the university. Cluster analysis also shows significant differences between the patterns of publication of the oldest universities about the latest in all parameters studied. Equally important changes are detected between the study conducted in 2006 and today.