Impact of initiation of SGLT2 inhibitor treatment on the development of arrhythmias in patients with implantable cardiac devices.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been associated with improved prognosis in patients with heart failure, but their impact on atrial arrhythmic (AA) and ventricular arrhythmic (VA) events is not fully understood. METHODS: This multicenter retrospective study included patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators who initiated treatment with SGLT2i. AA and VA events were compared in 2 time periods for each patient: 1 year before and 1 year after starting SGLT2i. RESULTS: The study included 195 patients (66.8 [61.3-73.1] years, 18.5% women). In the post-SGLT2i period, there was a reduction in the percentage of patients with any VA (pre: 52.3% vs post: 30.3%; P<.001) and clinically relevant VA (excluding nonsustained ventricular tachycardia) (pre: 21.5% vs post: 8.7%; P<.001). There was also a decrease in the number of episodes per patient/y of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (pre: 2 (1-5) vs post: 1 (0-2); P<.001) and sustained ventricular tachycardia (pre: 1 (1-3) vs post: 0 (0-2); P=0.046). However, no differences were observed in the prevalence of AA (24.7% vs 18.8%; P=.117) or the burden of atrial fibrillation (pre: 0% (0-0.1) vs post: 0% (0-0); P=.097). CONCLUSIONS: Initiation of SGLT2i treatment was associated with a decrease in the percentage of patients with relevant VA but this effect was not observed for AA.

Predictors of adoption and impact of evidence-based programming on the incidence of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The ADVANCE III trial showed that a delayed-detection strategy reduces implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapies. Here, we describe the adherence to and predictors of ADVANCE adoption and compare ICD therapy rates between patients with and without ADVANCE programming. METHODS: This observational retrospective study analyzed patients implanted with Medtronic ICDs included from 2005 to 2016 in a Spanish national multicenter registry (UMBRELLA database; ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01561144). Changes in ADVANCE programming adoption were described in relation to a) publication of the ADVANCE trial, b) implementation of an "ADVANCE awareness" campaign, and c) publication of an expert consensus statement. Multivariate logistic regression identified predictors of adoption. Therapy incidence rates were compared between groups by estimating the adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) using negative binomial regression. RESULTS: A total of 3528 patients were included. An ADVANCE strategy was used in 20% overall and in 44% at the end of the study. ADVANCE III adoption increased after trial publication, with less growth after an "ADVANCE awareness" campaign and after expert consensus statement publication. Predictors of ADVANCE adoption were as follows: ICD device with a nominal number of intervals to detect 30/40 (aOR, 4.4; 95%CI, 3.5-5.4), implantation by an electrophysiologist (aOR, 1.7; 95%CI, 1.4-2.2), and secondary prevention (aOR, 3.2; 95%CI, 2.6-3.9). Dual-chamber ICDs (aOR, 0.6; 95%CI, 0.5-0.8) and cardiac resynchronization-defibrillators (aOR, 0.5; 95%CI, 0.4-0.7) were associated with lower adoption. ADVANCE programming was associated with reduced total therapy burden (aIRR, 0.77; 95%CI, 0.69-0.86) and fewer inappropriate shocks (aIRR, 0.66; 95%CI, 0.52-0.85). CONCLUSIONS: ADVANCE adoption remains modest and can be improved through evidence-driven selection of nominal ICD settings. ADVANCE programming is associated with reduced therapy rates in real-world ICD recipients.

Selección de lo mejor del año 2017 en estimulación cardiaca: resonancia magnética en pacientes portadores de marcapasos y desfibriladores / Selection of the best of 2017 on cardiac pacing: magnetic resonance in patients with pacemaker and implantable defibrillator

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Registro Español de Marcapasos. XIV Informe Oficial de la Sección de Estimulación Cardiaca de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología (2016) / Spanish Pacemaker Registry. 14th Official Report of the Spanish Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiac Pacing (2016)

Introducción y objetivos: Se describe el resultado del análisis de los dispositivos de estimulación implantados y remitidos al Registro Español de Marcapasos en 2016. Métodos: Procesado de la información que aporta la Tarjeta Europea del Paciente Portador de Marcapasos. Resultados: Se recibió información de 115 centros hospitalarios, con un total de 12.697 tarjetas, el 32,3% de la actividad estimada. El consumo de generadores convencionales y dispositivos de resincronización fue de 818 y 79 unidades por millón habitantes respectivamente. Se implantaron 200 marcapasos sin cables. La media de edad de los pacientes que recibieron un implante fue 77,8 años y un 52% de los dispositivos se implantaron en mayores de 80 años. El 74,9% de los procedimientos fueron primoimplantes y el 23,4%, recambios de generador. Los cables endocavitarios utilizados fueron bipolares, el 82,9% con sistema de fijación activa y el 16,1% compatibles con resonancia magnética. Aunque la estimulación secuencial bicameral sigue siendo mayoritaria, se estimula en modo VVI(R) al 26,7% de los pacientes con enfermedad del nódulo sinusal y el 23,8% de aquellos con bloqueo auriculoventricular pese a estar en ritmo sinusal. Conclusiones: El consumo total de generadores de marcapasos en España ha aumentado en un 1,6% con respecto a 2015. La mayoría de los cables implantados son de fijación activa y menos del 20% tiene protección para la resonancia magnética. Los factores directamente relacionados con la elección del modo de estimulación son la edad y el sexo. En alrededor del 32% de los casos podría mejorarse la elección del modo de estimulación (AU)

Introduction and objectives: This report describes the results of analysis of implanted pacemakers reported to the Spanish Pacemaker Registry. Methods: The analysis was based on information provided by the European Pacemaker Identification Card. Results: Information was received from 115 hospitals, with a total of 12 697 cards, representing 32.3% of the estimated activity. Use of conventional and resynchronization pacemakers was 818 and 79 units per million inhabitants, respectively. A total of 200 leadless pacemakers were implanted. The mean age of the patients receiving an implant was 77.8 years, and 52% of devices were implanted in persons older than 80 years. In all, 74.9% were first implants and 23.4% corresponded to generator exchange. Endocardial leads were bipolar, 82.9% with active fixation, and 16.1% had magnetic resonance imaging protection. Most patients received bicameral sequential pacing, although single chamber pacing VVI(R) was used in 26.7% of the patients with sick sinus syndrome and in 23.8% of those with atrioventricular block, despite sinus rhythm. Conclusions: Total use of pacemaker generators in Spain has increased by 1.6% compared with 2015. Most implanted leads have active fixation and less than 20% have magnetic resonance imaging protection. Age and sex directly influenced pacing mode selection, which could be improved in around 32% of patients (AU)

Spanish Pacemaker Registry. 14th Official Report of the Spanish Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiac Pacing (2016).

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: This report describes the results of analysis of implanted pacemakers reported to the Spanish Pacemaker Registry. METHODS: The analysis was based on information provided by the European Pacemaker Identification Card. RESULTS: Information was received from 115 hospitals, with a total of 12 697 cards, representing 32.3% of the estimated activity. Use of conventional and resynchronization pacemakers was 818 and 79 units per million inhabitants, respectively. A total of 200 leadless pacemakers were implanted. The mean age of the patients receiving an implant was 77.8 years, and 52% of devices were implanted in persons older than 80 years. In all, 74.9% were first implants and 23.4% corresponded to generator exchange. Endocardial leads were bipolar, 82.9% with active fixation, and 16.1% had magnetic resonance imaging protection. Most patients received bicameral sequential pacing, although single chamber pacing VVI(R) was used in 26.7% of the patients with sick sinus syndrome and in 23.8% of those with atrioventricular block, despite sinus rhythm. CONCLUSIONS: Total use of pacemaker generators in Spain has increased by 1.6% compared with 2015. Most implanted leads have active fixation and less than 20% have magnetic resonance imaging protection. Age and sex directly influenced pacing mode selection, which could be improved in around 32% of patients.

Selección de lo mejor del año 2016 en estimulación cardiaca: estimulación sin cables / Selection of the best of 2016 on cardiac pacing: leadless pacing

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Selección de lo mejor del año 2016 en terapia de resincronización cardiaca / Selection of the best of 2016 on cardiac pacing

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Registro Español de Marcapasos. XIII Informe Oficial de la Sección de Estimulación Cardiaca de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología (2015) / Spanish Pacemaker Registry. Thirteenth Official Report of the Spanish Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiac Pacing (2015)

Introducción y objetivos: Se describe el resultado del análisis de los dispositivos implantados y remitidos al Registro Español de Marcapasos en 2015. Métodos: Se basa en el procesado de la información que aporta la Tarjeta Europea del Paciente Portador de Marcapasos. Resultados: Se recibió información de 111 centros hospitalarios, con un total de 12.555 tarjetas, el 32,1% de la actividad estimada. El consumo de generadores convencionales y dispositivos de resincronización fue de 820 y 73 unidades por millón de habitantes respectivamente. La media de edad de los pacientes que recibieron un implante fue 77,7 años y más del 50% de los dispositivos se implantaron en mayores de 80 años. El 58,6% de los implantes y el 58,8% de los recambios se realizaron en varones. Los cables endocavitarios utilizados fueron bipolares, el 81,5% con sistema de fijación activa y el 16,5%, compatibles con resonancia magnética. Aunque la estimulación secuencial bicameral sigue siendo mayoritaria, se estimula en modo VVI/R pese a estar en ritmo sinusal al 23,8% de los pacientes con enfermedad del nódulo sinusal y el 24,1% de aquellos con bloqueo auriculoventricular. Conclusiones: El consumo total de generadores de marcapasos en España ha aumentado en un 5% con respecto a 2014. La mayor parte de los cables implantados son de fijación activa y menos del 20% tienen protección para la resonancia magnética. Los factores directamente relacionados con la elección del modo de estimulación son la edad y el sexo. En alrededor del 20% de los casos podría mejorarse la elección del modo de estimulación (AU)

Introduction and objectives: We describe the results of the analysis of the devices implanted and conveyed to the Spanish Pacemaker Registry in 2015. Methods: The report is based on the processing of information provided by the European Pacemaker Patient Identification Card. Results: We received information from 111 hospitals, with a total of 12 555 cards, representing 32.1% of all the estimated activity. The use of conventional generators and resynchronization devices was 820 and 73 units per million population, respectively. The mean age of the patients receiving an implantation was 77.7 years, and more than 50% of the devices were implanted in patients over 80 years of age. Overall, 58.6% of the implants and 58.8% of the replacements were performed in men. All of the endocardial leads employed were bipolar, 81.5% had an active fixation system, and 16.5% were compatible with magnetic resonance. Although dual chamber sequential pacing continues to be more widespread, pacing with VVI/R mode is used because up to 23.8% of the patients with sinus node disease are in sinus rhythm, as are 24.1% of those with atrioventricular block. Conclusions: The total use of pacemaker generators in Spain has increased by about 5% with respect to 2014. The majority of the leads implanted are of active fixation, and less than 20% are protected from magnetic resonance. The factors directly related to the selection of pacing mode are age and sex. In around 20% of patients, the choice of the pacing mode could be improved (AU)

Spanish Pacemaker Registry. Thirteenth Official Report of the Spanish Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiac Pacing (2015).

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: We describe the results of the analysis of the devices implanted and conveyed to the Spanish Pacemaker Registry in 2015. METHODS: The report is based on the processing of information provided by the European Pacemaker Patient Identification Card. RESULTS: We received information from 111 hospitals, with a total of 12 555 cards, representing 32.1% of all the estimated activity. The use of conventional generators and resynchronization devices was 820 and 73 units per million population, respectively. The mean age of the patients receiving an implantation was 77.7 years, and more than 50% of the devices were implanted in patients over 80 years of age. Overall, 58.6% of the implants and 58.8% of the replacements were performed in men. All of the endocardial leads employed were bipolar, 81.5% had an active fixation system, and 16.5% were compatible with magnetic resonance. Although dual chamber sequential pacing continues to be more widespread, pacing with VVI/R mode is used because up to 23.8% of the patients with sinus node disease are in sinus rhythm, as are 24.1% of those with atrioventricular block. CONCLUSIONS: The total use of pacemaker generators in Spain has increased by about 5% with respect to 2014. The majority of the leads implanted are of active fixation, and less than 20% are protected from magnetic resonance. The factors directly related to the selection of pacing mode are age and sex. In around 20% of patients, the choice of the pacing mode could be improved.

Registro Español de Marcapasos. X Informe Oficial de la Sección de Estimulación Cardiaca de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología (2012) / Spanish Pacemaker Registry. 10th Official Report of the Spanish Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiac Pacing (2012)

Introducción y objetivos. Se describe el análisis de la actividad con implantes y recambios de marcapasos remitidos en 2012 al Registro Español de Marcapasos, con especial referencia a la selección de los modos de estimulación. Método. Se basa en la información que aporta la Tarjeta Europea del Paciente Portador de Marcapasos. Resultados. Se recibieron datos de 115 centros hospitalarios, con un total de 12.856 tarjetas. Se estima un consumo de generadores convencionales y resincronizadores de 745,8 y 53,1 unidades por millón de habitantes, respectivamente. Se utilizan cables con sistema de fijación activa en más del 70% de los casos, el 20% con protección para resonancia magnética. La indicación electrocardiográfica más frecuente es el bloqueo auriculoventricular (56%). Se estimula en modo VVI /R al 28% de los pacientes con enfermedad del nódulo sinusal. Conclusiones. Se estabiliza el uso de marcapasos convencionales y disminuyen los implantes de resincronizadores. El uso del sistema de fijación activa de los cables ya es mayoritario. Se confirma la mayor incidencia de implantes en los varones y a menor edad por mayor frecuencia de trastornos de conducción. La edad influye en la adecuación del modo de estimulación (AU)

Introduction and objectives. Our aim was to analyze the pacemaker implantations and replacements reported to the Spanish Pacemaker Registry in 2012 with special reference to the selection of pacing modes. Method. The analysis was based on information provided by the European Pacemaker Patient Identification Card. Results. Data were received from 115 hospitals, with a total of 12 856 cards. An estimated 745.8 pacemaker generators and 53.1 resynchronization devices were implanted per million population. Active fixation leads were implanted in more than 70% of the patients; of these leads, more than 20% were safe for use with magnetic resonance. The most common electrocardiographic indication for pacemaker implantation was atrioventricular block (56%). In all, 28% of the patients with sick sinus syndrome were paced in VVIR mode. Conclusions. The use of conventional pacemakers remained stable, whereas the implantation of resynchronization devices increased. Active fixation leads are now employed in most patients. The findings of this study confirm the higher incidence of implantation in men and at an earlier age due to the higher rate of conduction disorders. Age is a factor that influences the choice of the appropriate pacing mode (AU)

Spanish pacemaker registry. 10th official report of the Spanish Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiac Pacing (2012).

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to analyze the pacemaker implantations and replacements reported to the Spanish Pacemaker Registry in 2012 with special reference to the selection of pacing modes. METHOD: The analysis was based on information provided by the European Pacemaker Patient Identification Card. RESULTS: Data were received from 115 hospitals, with a total of 12 856 cards. An estimated 745.8 pacemaker generators and 53.1 resynchronization devices were implanted per million population. Active fixation leads were implanted in more than 70% of the patients; of these leads, more than 20% were safe for use with magnetic resonance. The most common electrocardiographic indication for pacemaker implantation was atrioventricular block (56%). In all, 28% of the patients with sick sinus syndrome were paced in VVIR mode. CONCLUSIONS: The use of conventional pacemakers remained stable, whereas the implantation of resynchronization devices increased. Active fixation leads are now employed in most patients. The findings of this study confirm the higher incidence of implantation in men and at an earlier age due to the higher rate of conduction disorders. Age is a factor that influences the choice of the appropriate pacing mode.

Spanish Pacemaker Registry. Ninth official report of the Spanish Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiac Pacing (2011).

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To describe the results of the analysis of pacemaker implantations reported to the Spanish Pacemaker Registry in 2011, with particular reference to the population distribution and the selection of pacing modes. METHODS: Information provided by the European Pacemaker Patient Identification Card was processed using a purpose-built computer application. RESULTS: Data from 115 hospitals were analyzed, totaling 13,373 cards, representing an estimated 38% of implantations. The number of pacemaker generators and resynchronization devices implanted was 738 and 56.2 units per million population, respectively. The mean age of the patients who received a device was 76.7 years. Overall, 57.2% of first implantations and 56.5% of replacements were performed in men. Most implantations (38.7%) and generator replacements (41.9%) were performed in patients aged between 80 and 89 years. Of the pacemaker leads used, 99.7% were bipolar and 63% used an active fixation system. Overall, 20% of the patients with atrioventricular block or sick sinus syndrome were paced in VVI/R mode despite being in sinus rhythm. CONCLUSIONS: With respect to previous years, the use of conventional pacemakers remained stable and the implantation of resynchronization devices has increased. The number of implantation procedures continues to be higher in men and in younger patients. Age and the degree of blockage remain as factors influencing the appropriate choice of pacing mode.

[Advances in cardiac pacing]. / Novedades en estimulación cardiaca.

This article contains a review of the current status of remote monitoring and follow-up involving cardiac pacing devices and of the latest developments in cardiac resynchronization therapy. In addition, the most important articles published in the last year are discussed.

Novedades en estimulación cardiaca / Advances in cardiac pacing

Este artículo revisa el estado actual de la monitorización y el seguimiento a distancia de dispositivos de estimulación cardiaca y los aspectos más novedosos de la terapia de resincronización cardiaca. Asimismo, se resumen los artículos más relevantes publicados en el último año (AU)

This article contains a review of the current status of remote monitoring and follow-up involving cardiac pacing devices and of the latest developments in cardiac resynchronization therapy. In addition, the most important articles published in the last year are discussed (AU)

Registro Español de Marcapasos. VIII Informe Oficial de la Sección de Estimulación Cardiaca de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología (2010) / Spanish Pacemaker Registry. Eighth Official Report of the Spanish Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiac Pacing (2010)

Introducción y objetivos. En este artículo se describe el análisis de los implantes y recambios de marcapasos remitidos al Registro Español de Marcapasos en 2010, con especial referencia a la selección de los modos de estimulación. Métodos. La recogida de datos se basa en la información de la Tarjeta Europea del Paciente Portador de Marcapasos, que se procesa mediante una aplicación informática específica. Resultados. Se recibió información de 101 centros hospitalarios, con un total de 11.648 tarjetas. Se estima un consumo de 738 generadores por millón de habitantes. Entre los varones hay mayor incidencia de implantes de marcapasos y a una media de edad más baja. El 95,5% de los cables de estimulación utilizados fueron bipolares, el 56% con sistema de fijación activa y el 60% en cavidad auricular. La indicación electrocardiográfica más frecuente es el bloqueo auriculoventricular, seguida de la enfermedad del nódulo sinusal. El 24% de los pacientes con bloqueo auriculoventricular y el 25,6% con enfermedad del nódulo sinusal se estimulan en modo VVI/R (el 12% de unos y otros entre los pacientes de 80 o menos años). Los dispositivos de resincronización cardiaca alcanzan 47 unidades por millón de habitantes; un 25,7% no tiene desfibrilador automático implantable asociado. Conclusiones. Persiste el aumento del consumo de generadores de marcapasos. Los cables de estimulación que se utilizan son bipolares, y en su mayoría son de fijación activa. La edad sigue siendo un factor influyente en la adecuación del modo de estimulación en las diversas afecciones. La elección del modo de estimulación se puede mejorar en más del 20% (AU)

Introduction and objectives. Our aim is to describe the analysis of the pacemaker implants and replacements reported to the Spanish Pacemaker Registry in 2010, with special reference to the selection of pacing modes. Methods. Data collection was based on the information provided by the European Pacemaker Patient Identification Card, which was processed using a specially designed computer application. Results. Information was received from 101 hospitals, covering a total of 11 648 cards. An estimated 738 pacemaker generators per million population were placed in 2010. The number of pacemaker implantations is higher and the mean age of the recipients lower among men. Overall, 95.5% of the pacemaker leads used were bipolar, 56% employed an active fixation system, and 60% were placed in atrium. The most common electrocardiographic indication was atrioventricular block, followed by sick sinus syndrome. Twenty-four percent of the patients with atrioventricular block and 25.6% of those with sick sinus syndrome are being paced in VVI/R mode (12% of the patients in each group are aged 80 years or under). Cardiac resynchronization device implantation has reached the level of 47 units per million population, 25.7% of which are not associated with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Conclusions. The upward trend in the use of pacemaker generators continues. The pacemaker leads used are predominantly bipolar, and the majority are active fixation leads. Age remains a factor in the choice of the appropriate pacing mode for the different types of heart disease. This choice could be improved in more than 20% of the cases of pacemaker implantation (AU)