ABSTRACT
Metal mining in the Extremadura region was very important in the 19th and 20th centuries. However, due to different reasons the great majority of mines ceased operations, leading to plenty of abandoned mining sites, most of them with on-site waste dumps. Although metal extraction is not radioactive per se, it is considered a NORM activity. In this study, three former mining sites, in which Pb-V-Zn-Ag, Pb-Ag, and Pb-Zn were extracted, were selected to assess the radiological impact on the population and the environment. The external γ exposure was estimated by determining the effective dose and elaborating isodose maps of the sites. The presence of the mining sites increased up to 0.41 mSv/y the effective dose over the surrounding background, which is below the reference value of 1 mSv/y. In only one mining site, the uranium and radium activity concentration of waste dumps were higher than the surrounding soil. The soil to plant (wild grass) transfer factors were similar to other reported values without the influence of NORM activities. So, no enhanced transfer of radionuclides was observed. The radiological impact on the environment was assessed by the risk to non-human biota using the tiered approach developed in ERICA Tool. The sum of the risk quotients of all considered radionuclides in the most conservative Tier 1 was below 1. Total dose rates for several terrestrial Reference Animal and Plants (RAPs) were estimated using Tier 3, obtaining values below 40 µGy/h. Therefore, the impact on non-human biota can be considered as negligible.
Subject(s)
Mining , Radiation Monitoring , Soil Pollutants, Radioactive , Radiation Monitoring/methods , Spain , Soil Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis , Metals/analysisABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Intracranial aneurysms are one of the most frequent vascular diseases. Nevertheless, saccular aneurysms that are not due to an inflammatory aetiology, which are located in the peripheral segment of the posterior circulation, are extremely rare. They are most frequently located in the thickest arterial branches within the region of the anterior brain circulation, as is the case of the complex made up of the anterior cerebral artery posterior communicating artery, middle cerebral artery and posterior communicating artery. No clinical manifestations are produced in many of these aneurysms, and their rupture and the subsequent development of a subarachnoid haemorrhage is the cause of the most intense neurological damage, which on occasions can lead to fatal consequences. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a patient who was a carrier of distal aneurysm, located in the posterior region of the brain circulation, and also the neuroradiological findings, the form of clinical presentation and surgical treatment carried out, which allowed us to identify and close the afferent vessel and the resection of the aneurysmatic sac. CONCLUSION: From the presentation of the symptoms of this patient in the form of a subarachnoid haemorrhage, accompanied by a subdural haematoma, it could be inferred that these clinical and imagenological findings point to the rupture of a distal aneurysm. Application of the stereotactic approach would be one of the first choice treatments for aneurysms in the distal region if we bear in mind the characteristics of the afferent vessel, the size of the neck and the morphology of the sac
Subject(s)
Hematoma, Subdural/etiology , Intracranial Aneurysm/complications , Female , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Introducción. Los aneurismas intracraneales constituyen una de las enfermedades vasculares, que se presentan con gran frecuencia. Sin embargo, aquellos aneurismas saculares que no son de una etiología inflamatoria, que se localizan en el segmento periférico de la circulación posterior, son extremadamente raros. Su localización más frecuente se encuentra en las ramas arteriales de mayor calibre en el territorio de la circulación cerebral anterior, como es el caso del complejo cerebral anterior-comunicante anterior, cerebral media y arteria comunicante posterior. Las manifestaciones clínicas en muchos de estos aneurismas no se producen, y su ruptura y en consecuencia el desarrollo de un cuadro de hemorragia subaracnoidea es la causa del daño neurológico más intenso, y llega en ocasiones a consecuencias fatales. Caso clínico. Informamos de un paciente portador de un aneurisma distal, situado en el territorio posterior de la circulación cerebral, así como los hallazgos neurorradiológicos, forma clínica de presentación y tratamiento quirúrgico realizado, con el cual se logró la identificación y cierre del vaso aferente y la resección del saco aneurismático. Conclusión. Por la presentación de los síntomas en esta paciente en forma de una hemorragia subaracnoidea, acompañada de un hematoma subdural, podría inferirse que estos hallazgos clínicos y radiológicos sugerirían la ruptura de un aneurisma distal. La aplicación del abordaje estereotáctico es uno de los tratamientos de elección para los aneurismas de territorio distal si se tienen en cuenta las características del vaso aferente, el tamaño del cuello y la morfología del saco (AU)
Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Female , Humans , Intracranial Aneurysm , Hematoma, SubduralABSTRACT
Tiamulin is a diterpenic veterinary drug widely used in swine for the control of infectious diseases, including swine dysentery and enzootic pneumonia. Tiamulin is well tolerated and only a few drug interactions have been reported with some ionophore antibiotics. A case of tiamulin adverse drug interaction with nitrovin, a nitrofuranic growth promoter, in fattening pigs from a commercial farm is described. To confirm the diagnosis, experimental reproduction was conducted using 20 healthy female pigs. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1 of them receiving feed medicated with 100 mg tiamulin hydrogen fumarate/kg, another received 20 mg nitrovin/kg to establish the harmlessness of the drugs alone. The other 2 groups received feeds containing both drugs at the previous concentrations, one of which came from the farm. In the last 2 groups clinical signs appeared 72-96 h after initially feeding pigs the tiamulin hydrogen fumarate + nitrovin-containing feed. The animals had uneasiness, anxiety, skin erythema, and rash on snout, vulva and abdomen, and increased body temperatures. No mortality occurred, and there were no characteristic findings during pathological examination. The signs disappeared after 96 h of consuming the medicated feed, leaving a slight skin thickening of the affected regions. All signs disappeared spontaneously 4-5 d after ceasing medication.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/toxicity , Anti-Infective Agents/toxicity , Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Nitrovin/toxicity , Swine Diseases/chemically induced , Animal Feed , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Diterpenes/administration & dosage , Diterpenes/toxicity , Drug Interactions , Female , Nitrovin/administration & dosage , Reproducibility of Results , SwineABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 71 años, con una insuficiencia severa de Válvula Aórtica, que ameritó un Reemplazo Valvular Aórtico y 36 horas más tarde presenta una ruptura espontánea de Aorta Ascendente, la cual es tratada exitosamente
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aorta , Rupture, Spontaneous , Thoracic SurgeryABSTRACT
Twenty-six Holstein calves with clinical and pathological effects suggesting a toxic plant intoxication were studied. A view of the plants in the region and blood examination (hemogram, albumin, total protein, calcium and phosphorus) and determination of bone calcium were done. Five calves were slaughtered and pathological examinations were performed. Observed metabolic, pathological and clinical alterations were compatible with intoxication from Cestrum diurnum.
Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/chemically induced , Plant Poisoning/veterinary , Animals , Bone Density/drug effects , Calcium/metabolism , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/blood , Hematologic Tests , Plant Poisoning/bloodABSTRACT
O teste de reduçäo de "nitroblue tetrazolium" foi avaliado como critério para a seleçäo de doses em bezerros tratados com ß1-3 glucano. Observou-se que o tratamento com ß1-3 glucano estimulou a reduçäo de "nitroblue tetrazolium" e que esta estimulaçäo apresenta um comportamento estimulatório bifásico para as três doses de 1, 3 e 5mg/kg de peso corporal, este efeito está freqüentemente associado à administraçäo parenteral de carboidratos imunomoduladores. A resposta foi observada por período de 3 e 14 dias para as doses entre 1 e 5mg/kg e 3 e 21 dias para 3mg/kg de peso corporal. A mais alta resposta foi observada 14 dias após o tratamento. A dose de 5mg/kg foi selecionada como a mais adequada por apresentar o mais alto índice estimulatório observado
