ABSTRACT
Objetivo. Conocer los perfiles de las enfermeras de los hospitales públicos de Murcia y su percepción sobre el entorno laboral, la calidad de los cuidados y su nivel de burnout (réplica metodológica proyecto RN4CAST). Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo y transversal realizado en 8 hospitales de Murcia. Se recogieron datos entre 2009 y 2010 a 687 enfermeras (estratificando por tipo de unidades) mediante cuestionario autocumplimentado de 149 ítems con variables sociodemográficas, del trabajo, de la percepción del ambiente laboral (PES-NWI), del burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), de la calidad y de la seguridad del paciente. Análisis: pruebas no paramétricas para 2 muestras o k muestras según la comparación. Resultados. Se recogieron 495 encuestas (72%). El 80,4% eran mujeres con una edad media de 34,1 (DE = 7,1) años y de 9,4 (DE = 7,4) años trabajados. El 25,7% ha realizado durante los últimos 24 meses más de 300 h de formación. La ratio paciente/enfermera fue de 11,7 (DE = 3,6) con variabilidad entre hospitales. Dos hospitales tenían un clima desfavorable y 3 hospitales tuvieron clima favorable (los hospitales grandes obtuvieron peores valoraciones); se observó una baja intención de abandonar el trabajo (16,8%). Con respecto al burnout en agotamiento emocional se alcanzó una puntuación de 18,4; en despersonalización de 7,5 y en realización personal de 28,8. La percepción sobre la calidad presentó diferencias entre centros y la de los efectos adversos fue más favorable en los hospitales pequeños. Conclusiones. Los profesionales estudiados estaban satisfechos, pero habría que potenciar los factores que generan bienestar y minimizar los puntos débiles detectados en el análisis del clima laboral (AU)
Objective: To determine the profile of nurses in public hospitals in Murcia and to assess how they perceive their work environment, the quality of care and their level of burnout (the RN4CAST project repetition). Material and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 8 hospitals in Murcia. Data were collected between 2009 and 2010 from 687 nurses (stratified by the type of unit) using a self-completed questionnaire with 149 items covering variables related to sociodemographics; work; perception of the work place (PES-NWI); burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory); and the quality of patient care, and patient safety. Analysis: Non parametric tests, for two samples or k samples according to the comparison. Results: A total of 495 questionnaires were collected (72%). Most respondents were female (80.4%) having a mean age of 34.1 (SD = 7.1) years, and they had been working for 9.4 (SD = 7.4) years. Just over one-quarter (25.7%) had carried out more than 300 hours of training in the previous 24 months. The patient/nurse ratio was 11.7 (SD = 3.6), varying between hospitals. The nurses reported 25% of hospitals as having an unfavorable work environment, whereas 37.5% had favorable ones; large hospitals were less highly valued. Few respondents intended to give up their jobs (16.8%). Burnout levels revealed emotional exhaustion in 18.4% of respondents; depersonalization in 7.5%, and personal fulfillment in 28.8%. Perception of quality varied between centers and the perception of adverse effects was more favorable in small hospitals. Conclusions: Our professionals were generally satisfied, but given the unfavorable work environment, measures should be adopted for improving well-being and reducing weaknesses (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Nursing Research/methods , Nursing Research/trends , Nursing/organization & administration , Nursing Care/organization & administration , Job Satisfaction , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/nursing , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health SurveysABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Conocer si existen diferencias en la percepción del entorno laboral, el nivel de burnout y la satisfacción con el trabajo entre enfermeras de unidades de cuidados críticos (UC) y de hospitalización en hospitales del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Método Estudio transversal realizado con 6.417 enfermeras de unidades médicas y quirúrgicas (UMQ) y con 1.122 de UC en 59 hospitales de más de 150 camas. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, satisfacción laboral, percepción del entorno laboral (cuestionario Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index [PES-NWI]) y burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory [MBI]).Resultados El PES-NWI presentó diferencias en 4 de sus 5 factores, mostrando mejores valores en UMQ con excepción de la dotación y adecuación de recursos (p < 0,001) donde las UC mostraron un grado de acuerdo medio de 2,41 frente al 2,19 de las unidades de hospitalización. El burnout fue más elevado en las UMQ (p = 0,039) con el 23% (952) de las enfermeras con valores altos. La satisfacción laboral fue inferior en las UC (p = 0,044) con el 70% (578) de las enfermeras muy o moderadamente satisfechas. Conclusiones Las enfermeras de las UC clasifican al hospital más desfavorable y muestran niveles más bajos de burnout que las de las unidades de hospitalización
OBJECTIVE: To know if there are differences between the critical care units and the medical-surgical care units regarding the perception of the nurses working in National Health System hospitals about their work environment, burnout level and job satisfaction. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 6,417 nurses from the medical-surgical care units and with 1,122 nurses from critical care units of 59 Spanish hospitals with more than 150 beds. Socio-demographic, job satisfaction, perception of work environment (Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index [PES-NWI questionnaire]) and burnout measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) data were collected. RESULTS: The PES-NWI showed differences in 4 out of its 5 factors. It showed better values in medical-surgical units in all the factors, except for Staffing and resource adequacy (P < .001), where critical care units showed a mean level of agreement of 2.41 versus 2.19 for the medical-surgical units. Regarding burnout, this was higher in the medical-surgical care units (P = .039) where 23% (952) of the nurses had high levels. Job satisfaction was lower in the critical care units (P = .044) with 70% (578) of nurses being very or strongly satisfied. CONCLUSIONS: The opinion of the nurses, working in critical care units about their hospital is unfavorable. They showed lower levels of burnout than those working in medical-surgical units
Subject(s)
Humans , Critical Care , Nurses/psychology , Job Satisfaction , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Intensive Care Units , Risk Factors , 16360ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To know if there are differences between the critical care units and the medical-surgical care units regarding the perception of the nurses working in National Health System hospitals about their work environment, burnout level and job satisfaction. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 6,417 nurses from the medical-surgical care units and with 1,122 nurses from critical care units of 59 Spanish hospitals with more than 150 beds. Socio-demographic, job satisfaction, perception of work environment (Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index [PES-NWI questionnaire]) and burnout measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) data were collected. RESULTS: The PES-NWI showed differences in 4 out of its 5 factors. It showed better values in medical-surgical units in all the factors, except for Staffing and resource adequacy (P<.001), where critical care units showed a mean level of agreement of 2.41 versus 2.19 for the medical-surgical units. Regarding burnout, this was higher in the medical-surgical care units (P=.039) where 23% (952) of the nurses had high levels. Job satisfaction was lower in the critical care units (P=.044) with 70% (578) of nurses being very or strongly satisfied. CONCLUSIONS: The opinion of the nurses, working in critical care units about their hospital is unfavorable. They showed lower levels of burnout than those working in medical-surgical units.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Critical Care Nursing , Health Facility Environment , Intensive Care Units , Job Satisfaction , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospital Units , Hospitalization , Humans , Male , SpainABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the profile of nurses in public hospitals in Murcia and to assess how they perceive their work environment, the quality of care and their level of burnout (the RN4CAST project repetition). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 8 hospitals in Murcia. Data were collected between 2009 and 2010 from 687 nurses (stratified by the type of unit) using a self-completed questionnaire with 149 items covering variables related to sociodemographics; work; perception of the work place (PES-NWI); burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory); and the quality of patient care, and patient safety. ANALYSIS: Non parametric tests, for two samples or k samples according to the comparison. RESULTS: A total of 495 questionnaires were collected (72%). Most respondents were female (80.4%) having a mean age of 34.1 (SD=7.1) years, and they had been working for 9.4 (SD=7.4) years. Just over one-quarter (25.7%) had carried out more than 300 hours of training in the previous 24 months. The patient/nurse ratio was 11.7 (SD=3.6), varying between hospitals. The nurses reported 25% of hospitals as having an unfavorable work environment, whereas 37.5% had favorable ones; large hospitals were less highly valued. Few respondents intended to give up their jobs (16.8%). Burnout levels revealed emotional exhaustion in 18.4% of respondents; depersonalization in 7.5%, and personal fulfillment in 28.8%. Perception of quality varied between centers and the perception of adverse effects was more favorable in small hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Our professionals were generally satisfied, but given the unfavorable work environment, measures should be adopted for improving well-being and reducing weaknesses.
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Burnout, Professional , Hospital Administration , Job Satisfaction , Nursing Staff, Hospital , Adult , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospital Administration/standards , Humans , Male , SpainABSTRACT
En este artículo se comentan los criterios que deben tenerse en cuenta a la hora de seleccionar a los individuos que entrarán a formar parte de un estudio de investigación: cómo se calcula el tamaño de la muestra necesario y cuáles son las técnicas de muestreo más utilizadas para incluirlos en el estudio. Todo ello dependerá de los objetivos, del diseño planteado y del tipo de las variables que se recojan (AU)
The present article describes the criteria to be taken into account in the selection of individuals to participate in a research study. The bases for calculating the necessary sample size and the most frequently utilized sampling techniques are also discussed. All these aspects depend on the purpose of the study, its design and the type of variables to be assessed (AU)
Subject(s)
Sample Size , Sampling Studies , Population , Research , Data Collection , Random and Systematic Sampling , Simple Random SamplingABSTRACT
Tras repasar el concepto de artículo original, en este trabajo se expone con claridad cómo realizar este tipo de artículos, tanto por lo que respecta a su forma como contenido, cuya finalidad es publicar los resultados de una investigación determinada. Se explican los distintos apartados que deben formar parte de la estructura de un artículo original y cómo deben presentarse a fin de poder ser publicados en la revista científica seleccionada (AU)
Subject(s)
Research , Periodicals as Topic/standardsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To identify the type of care provided by informal carers of dependent persons and the repercussions this care might have on the health of the carers, and to find the characteristics of both informal carers and cared-for people. DESIGN: An observational cross-sectional study. SETTING: This study was conducted in various towns in the province of Barcelona between January and December 1997 in primary health care. PARTICIPANTS: Those taking part were 240 informal carers (IC) for dependent persons. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The ICUB 97 questionnaire was the data-gathering instrument. It was validated previously by the research team and based on the fourteen needs of the Virginia Henderson nursing model. The questionnaire was filled in at a personal interview. The level of dependence of people cared for was evaluated with the Barthel and Philadelphia Geriatric Center indices. The analysis of the results reflected that the greater the level of dependence of the person cared for, the more care is provided by the carer. The main repercussions of caring on the health of the carers were: back pain (73%), tiredness (72%), reduced leisure time (73%), insomnia (65%), anxiety (72%) and changes in family life (54%). Repercussions that correlated most closely with the fact of caring were: sleep disorders, family economy, personal development and leisure, middle age and having few educational qualifications. CONCLUSIONS: Most carers are middle-aged women performing multiple care tasks. This work causes their quality of life to deteriorate.
Subject(s)
Caregivers , Family , Health Status , Aged , Anxiety/etiology , Back Pain/etiology , Caregivers/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fatigue/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Models, Theoretical , Quality of Life , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/etiology , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Objetivos. Identificar el tipo de cuidados que prestan los cuidadores informales de personas dependientes y las repercusiones que pueden ocasionar estos cuidados en la salud del cuidador, así como conocer las características de los cuidadores informales y las de las personas cuidadas. Diseño. Se presenta un estudio observacional de tipo transversal. Emplazamiento. Este estudio se ha realizado en varios municipios de la provincia de Barcelona, de enero a diciembre de 1997, en el ámbito de la atención primaria de salud. Participantes. Los sujetos de estudio fueron 240 cuidadores informales (CI) de personas dependientes. Mediciones y resultados principales. El instrumento de recogida de datos fue el cuestionario ICUB 97, validado previamente por el equipo investigador, que está basado en las 14 necesidades del modelo de enfermería de Virginia Henderson. El cuestionario se cumplimentó a través de entrevista personal. El nivel de dependencia de las personas cuidadas se evaluó con los índices de Barthel y Philadelphia Geriatric Center. El análisis de los resultados reflejó que cuanto mayor es el nivel de dependencia de la persona cuidada, más cuidados presta el cuidador. Las principales repercusiones que ocasiona el hecho de cuidar en la salud de los cuidadores son: dolor de espalda (73 por ciento), cansancio (72 por ciento), disminución del tiempo de ocio (73 por ciento), insomnio (65 por ciento), ansiedad (72 por ciento) y alteraciones en la vida familiar (54 por ciento), y las que más se correlacionan con este hecho de cuidar son: alteraciones del sueño, economía, desarrollo personal y ocio. Conclusiones. La mayoría de personas cuidadoras son mujeres de mediana edad que realizan múltiples tareas de cuidados y dicha labor repercute en un deterioro de su calidad de vida (AU)
