Validation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey in Spanish adolescents.

BACKGROUND: There are a large number of studies in the literature on burnout and its negative consequences for health and psychological wellbeing. Use of the burnout index in the academic context has increased to the point of identifying even the adolescent population. Nevertheless, at the present time there is no validated instrument for evaluating this syndrome in Spanish high school students. In view of this, our study attempted to evaluate the factor structure and reliability of the Spanish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) in a sample of high school adolescents. METHOD: The sample included 1,209 students in the autonomous region of Andalusia (Spain), of whom 47.1% were boys and 52.9% girls, with a mean age of M=15.07, SD=1.174). RESULTS: The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a model with 12 items showing good fit, distributed across three factors: emotional exhaustion, cynicism and academic efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that the proposed instrument has an excellent factor structure and internal consistency, and is useful for evaluating academic burnout in the adolescent Spanish high school population.

Analysis of burnout predictors in nursing: risk and protective psychological factors / Análisis de los predictores del burnout en enfermería: factores psicológicos de riesgo y protección

Burnout has become a subject of interest in the field of healthcare, where nursing is one of the most vulnerable professions. The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship and involvement of sociodemographic and job variables, as well as the intervention of certain emotional intelligence, perceived social support, and general self-efficacy factors in the development of burnout among nursing professionals. The sample was made up of 1,307 participants with a mean age of 32.03 years (SD = 6.54). An ad hoc questionnaire, the Brief Burnout Questionnaire, the Brief Emotional Intelligence Inventory for Adults, the Brief Form of the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale were used. Continuous work experience, attending to a larger number of patients, and male sex are the variables related to higher burnout scores. The logistic regression model provides data which back the involvement of certain sociodemographic (sex), work (employment situation and number of users attended to), perceived social support, and some elements of emotional intelligence (interpersonal, mood, and stress management) variables in burnout. The proposal of a model in which personal and employment variables are included is emphasized, which will have a repercussion on the improvement of a preventive intervention and, in turn, optimize the quality of healthcare services

El burnout se presenta en los últimos años como un tema de interés en el ámbito de la salud, siendo el colectivo de enfermería uno de los más vulnerables por su interacción con el paciente y la necesidad de participar en equipos coordinados. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación e implicación de variables sociodemográficas y variables propias del desempeño laboral, así como la intervención de determinados factores de la inteligencia emocional, el apoyo social percibido y la autoeficacia general en el desarrollo del burnout en profesionales de enfermería. La muestra fue de 1,307 sujetos con una media de edad de 32.03 años (DT = 6.54). Para la recogida de datos sociodemográficos se elaboró un cuestionario ad hoc, se empleó el Cuestionario Breve de Burnout, el Inventario de Inteligencia Emocional Reducido para Mayores, el Cuestionario Breve de Apoyo Social Percibido y la Escala de Autoeficacia General. Una experiencia laboral continuada, con mayor número de pacientes atendidos y pertenecer al sexo masculino son variables que se relacionan con mayores puntuaciones en burnout. Hay una implicación de determinadas variables sociodemográficas (sexo), laborales (situación laboral y número de usuarios atendidos), el apoyo social percibido y algunos de los elementos de la inteligencia emocional (interpersonal, estado de ánimo y manejo del estrés) en la presencia o no de burnout. Es destacable la propuesta de un modelo en el que se incluyen variables personales y laborales, lo que repercutirá en la mejora de la intervención preventiva y optimizará la calidad en la atención de los servicios sanitarios

Effects of Mindfulness Training on Sleep Problems in Patients With Fibromyalgia.

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a complex psychosomatic pain condition. In addition to generalized pain and various cognitive difficulties, new FMS diagnostic criteria acknowledge fatigue and sleep problems as core aspects of this condition. Indeed, poor sleep quality has been found to be a significant predictor of pain, fatigue, and maladaptive social functioning in this patient group. While there is promising evidence supporting the role of mindfulness as a treatment for FMS, to date, mindfulness intervention studies have principally focused on dimensions of pain as the primary outcome with sleep problems either not being assessed or included as a secondary consideration. Given the role of sleep problems in the pathogenesis of FMS, and given that mindfulness has been shown to improve sleep problems in other clinical conditions, the present study explored the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention known as Flow Meditation (Meditación-Fluir) on a range of sleep-related outcomes (subjective insomnia, sleep quality, sleepiness, and sleep impairment) in individuals with FMS. Adult women with FMS (n = 39) were randomly assigned to the 7 weeks mindfulness treatment or a waiting list control group. Results showed that compared to the control group, individuals in the mindfulness group demonstrated significant improvements across all outcome measures and that the intervention effects were maintained at a 3 month follow-up assessment. The Meditación-Fluir program shows promise for alleviating sleep problems relating to FMS and may thus have a role in the treatment of FMS as well as other pain disorders in which sleep impairment is a central feature of the condition.

Antisocial Behavior and Interpersonal Values in High School Students.

This article analyzes the characteristics of antisocial behavior and interpersonal values of high school students (Compulsory Secondary Education) (CSE), the profile of students with high levels of antisocial behavior with regard to interpersonal values, and possible protection from antisocial behavior that interpersonal values could provide. The Interpersonal Values Questionnaire was used to assess interpersonal values, and the Antisocial-Delinquent Behaviors Questionnaire was employed to assess antisocial behaviors. The sample was made up of 885 CSE students aged 14-17. The results revealed a greater prevalence of antisocial behaviors among males and fourth-year CSE students. Moreover, antisocial behaviors were more frequent among participants with high scores in Stimulation, Recognition, Independence, and Leadership and low scores in Conformity and Benevolence. Lastly, logistic regression analyses showed that low scores in Conformity and Benevolence and high scores in Independence predicted high scores in antisocial behavior. The possibility of identifying certain interpersonal values which could positively or negatively affect the appearance of antisocial behavior during adolescence is discussed.

Inteligencia emocional y salud en el envejecimiento: beneficios del programa PECI-PM

El entrenamiento de la inteligencia emocional en personas mayores, ha demostrado su efectividad en la mejora de la calidad de vida. El objetivo es analizar los beneficios en salud, de un programa de estimulación cognitiva e inteligencia emocional para personas mayores (PECI-PM). La muestra estuvo formada por 28 alumnos de la Universidad de Mayores de Almería, que completaron la primera fase del PECI-PM. Para la evaluación (pre-post) de la salud, se aplicó la versión española del SF-36. Los resultados mostraron puntuaciones significativamente más elevadas, tras la intervención, en las dimensiones de salud: Función Social, Dolor Corporal, Vitalidad y Función Social. La primera implementación del PECI-PM, revela efectos positivos del entrenamiento emocional sobre la percepción de la salud, en personas mayores.

Training emotional intelligence in the elderly, it has demonstrated its effectiveness in improving the quality of life. The aim is to analyze the health benefits of a program of cognitive stimulation and emotional intelligence for older people (PECI-PM). The sample consisted of 28 students of the University Senior Almeria, who completed the first phase of PECI-PM. For the (pre-post) assessment of health, the Spanish version of the SF-36 was applied. The results showed significantly higher scores after the intervention, the dimensions of health: social function, bodily pain, vitality and social function. The first implementation of the PECI-PM reveals positive effects of emotional training on perceived health in the elderly.

Variables relacionadas con la conducta violenta en la escuela según los estudiantes / Variables related to violent behavior in the school according to the students

Many variables are involved in children’s aggressive and violent behavior: the family, personal aspects, school-related and social aspects, etc. The aim of this study is to determine stu- dents’ opinion about the variables related to violent behavior at school. For this purpose, we used a sample comprising a total of 1214 students, between 12 and 16 years of age, from ten schools of the province of Almería (Spain). The results show that students grant more importance to variables related to the social context in the origin of school violence; more specifically, variables considered to have the most influence were substance stance consumption as well as belonging to a conflictive peer group (AU)

Son múltiples las variables que están implicadas en la conducta agresiva y violenta del niño: la familia, los aspectos personales, escolares, sociales, etc. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la opinión del alumnado sobre variables relacionadas con la conducta violenta dentro de la escuela. Para ello, se utilizó una muestra, formada por un total de 1214 es- tudiantes, de entre 12 y 16 años, pertenecientes a diez centros de la provincia de Almería (España). Los resultados muestran, cómo el alumnado otorga una importancia mayor, en cuanto al origen de la violencia escolar, a las variables relacionadas con el contexto social; específicamente, las variables que más influyen son el consumo de sustancias, tanto por parte del propio sujeto como en su entorno social y familiar y la pertenencia a un grupo de iguales conflictivo (AU)