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3.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 49(2): 80-8, 2002 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12025252

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To establish a protocol for ordering chest x-ray films for screening before elective surgery. To study the prevalence of anomalies detected in routinely-ordered chest x-rays, their influence on management of anesthesia and surgery and on the prevention of perioperative complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study of 413 patients undergoing elective surgery over a period of two years. Anomalies detected in chest films were classified as significant or not significant and then as expected or unexpected in function of agreement between the patient's medical history and the image. RESULTS: A preoperative chest x-ray was obtained for 99.5% of the patients and anomalies were detected in 28.1%, of which 49.1% were significant. The prevalence of anomalies was higher among men over 60 years of age, smokers, those with cardiac or respiratory disease, and those who were classified ASA III-IV. In 6.9% of the cases, the anomalous findings were unexpected based on the patient's history. Findings led to preoperative changes in management in 0.5% of the cases; no delays or cancellations occurred. The frequencies of intraoperative and postoperative complications were 7.9% and 24.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A preoperative chest x-ray should be ordered only for patients over 60 years of age, smokers of 10 cigarettes/day or more, those with heart or respiratory disease, those who have had contact with tuberculosis and who have not had any other chest x-ray taken within the past year.


Subject(s)
Elective Surgical Procedures , Preoperative Care , Radiography, Thoracic , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anesthesia/methods , Child , Diagnostic Tests, Routine/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology , Intraoperative Complications/prevention & control , Lung Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Lung Diseases/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Preoperative Care/statistics & numerical data , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Radiography, Thoracic/statistics & numerical data , Severity of Illness Index , Smoking/epidemiology , Spain/epidemiology
4.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 49(1): 5-12, 2002 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11898449

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To establish indications for ordering a screening electrocardiogram (ECG) before scheduled surgery. To study the prevalence of abnormalities found in routine ECGs and the impact of routine ECGs on anesthetic and surgical management and on preventing perioperative complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study of 413 patients undergoing scheduled non-cardiac surgery over a two-year period. ECG anomalies were defined as major or minor in function of their association with perioperative morbimortality. ECG results were considered expected or unexpected in function of agreement with a patient's history. RESULTS: An ECG was done for all patients before surgery. Anomalies were observed in 41.9% of the ECGs, 28.6% of which were considered major. The prevalence of anomalies was greater among men over 40 years of age, with heart or respiratory disease and these classified as ASA III-V. The anomalies were unexpected in 8.9% and did not cause postponement or cancellation of scheduled procedures. Anomalies found led to changes in preoperative approach in 0.5% of the cases. Intraoperative complications were seen in 7.9% and postoperative complications in 24.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative ECGs should be obtained only in patients over 40 years of age who present cardiac or respiratory signs or symptoms and who are diagnosed of some heart or respiratory disease.


Subject(s)
Elective Surgical Procedures , Electrocardiography , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Preoperative Care , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Prevalence , Prospective Studies
5.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 49(2): 80-88, feb. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-13931

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Establecer un protocolo de indicación de la radiografía de tórax preoperatoria (RTPO) en cirugía programada. Estudiar la prevalencia de anomalías de la RTPO solicitada rutinariamente, su influencia en el manejo anestésico-quirúrgico y en la prevención de las complicaciones perioperatorias de los pacientes. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo de 413 pacientes sometidos a una intervención quirúrgica programada, durante un período de dos años. Las anomalías encontradas en las RTPO fueron consideradas como significativas y no significativas. Los resultados fueron considerados esperados o no esperados si existía concordancia entre la historia clínica y la RTPO.RESULTADOS: Se realizó una RTPO en el 99,5 por ciento de los pacientes. Se encontraron un 28,1 por ciento de RTPO anormales, de las que el 49,1 por ciento presentaron anomalías significativas. La prevalencia de anomalías fue mayor en varones mayores de 60 años, fumadores, con patología cardíaca o respiratoria y clasificación ASA III-V. El 6,9 por ciento de las anomalías no eran esperadas por la historia clínica del paciente. Las anomalías encontradas motivaron cambio de actitud preoperatoria en el 0,5 por ciento de los pacientes y nunca supusieron retraso ni cancelación de las intervenciones propuestas. La frecuencia de complicaciones intraoperatorias fue de 7,9 por ciento y 24,6 por ciento la de postoperatorias. CONCLUSIONES: La realización de la RTPO debería limitarse a pacientes con edad superior a 60 años, fumadores de 10 cigarrillos/día o más, diagnosticados de alguna enfermedad cardíaca o respiratoria, que hayan tenido o tengan contacto con la enfermedad tuberculosa y que no tengan otra radiografía de tórax normal realizada en el último año (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Child , Adult , Adolescent , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Male , Humans , Radiography, Thoracic , Elective Surgical Procedures , Preoperative Care , Tobacco Use Disorder , Spain , Prevalence , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies , Anesthesia , Intraoperative Complications , Severity of Illness Index , Diagnostic Tests, Routine , Lung Diseases
6.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 49(1): 5-12, ene. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-13914

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Establecer un protocolo de indicación del electrocardiograma (ECG) preoperatorio en cirugía programada. Estudiar la prevalencia de anormalidades del ECG solicitado rutinariamente, su influencia en el manejo anestésico-quirúrgico y en la prevención de las complicaciones perioperatorias de los pacientes. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo de 413 pacientes sometidos a una intervención programada no cardiotorácica durante un período de dos años. Las anomalías del ECG fueron consideradas mayores o menores basadas en su asociación con la morbimortalidad perioperatoria de los pacientes. Los resultados fueron considerados esperados o no esperados si existía concordancia entre la historia clínica y el ECG. RESULTADOS: Se realizó un ECG preoperatorio en el 100 por ciento de los pacientes. Se encontraron un 41,9 por ciento de ECG anormales, de los que el 28,6 por ciento presentaban anomalías mayores. La prevalencia de anomalías fue mayor en varones mayores de 40 años, con patología cardíaca o respiratoria y clasificación ASA III-V. El 8,9 por ciento de las anomalías encontradas no eran esperadas por la historia clínica del paciente y no supusieron retraso ni cancelación de las intervenciones propuestas. Las anomalías encontradas motivaron cambio de actitud preoperatoria en el 0,5 por ciento de los casos. La frecuencia de complicaciones intraoperatorias fue 7,9 por ciento y 24,6 por ciento la de postoperatorias. CONCLUSIONES: La realización del ECG preoperatorio debería limitarse a los pacientes con edad superior a 40 años, a los que consumen 80 g de alcohol/día o más, o que presentan síntomas o signos cardíacos o respiratorios y que están diagnosticados de alguna enfermedad cardíaca o respiratoria (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Adult , Adolescent , Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Elective Surgical Procedures , Preoperative Care , Electrocardiography , Prevalence , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies
8.
Aten Primaria ; 17(9): 581-4, 1996 May 31.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8752750

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To find the profile of the heroin addict included in the Methadone Maintenance Programme (MMP) and the standard of information which primary care doctors have about these patients. DESIGN: A descriptive crossover study. PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS: All the drug addicts included in the MMP, located at the Drug Dependency Care Centre (DDCC) of the Segovia Red Cross (53 patients) and their respective local doctors (22 doctors). INTERVENTIONS: Reviewing medical records in the DDCC archives and a closed questionnaire submitted to the local doctors. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The patients included in the MMP were, on average: male, aged 28,4 ( +/- 5,4 years), single, urban dwellers, unemployed, polydependent, with average time taking heroin 8.4 years ( +/- 4,5) and with family history of drug-taking in 47,1% of cases. The reason for demanding the MMP was legal problems in 41.5% of cases. 9.4% were referred to the DDCC by health clinics. 15,7% of local doctors referred their drug addicts to the DDCC. 89,5% of local doctors never received medical information from the DDCC. CONCLUSIONS: Legal problems were more important motives than health for requesting inclusion in the MMP. The poor coordination between primary care and the DDCC is notorious, which suggests we should try to establish greater collaboration between the two areas to tackle this problem.


Subject(s)
Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Clinical Competence , Heroin Dependence/rehabilitation , Methadone/therapeutic use , Primary Health Care , Adult , Clinical Competence/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Over Studies , Female , Heroin Dependence/psychology , Humans , Male , Motivation , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires
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