Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 21
Filter
1.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 96(1): 3-9, ene. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-200179

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Estudiar la eficacia a largo plazo y las complicaciones de varios tipos de transposición en el tratamiento del síndrome de Duane: la transposición muscular de rectos verticales total o parcial, la transposición sin desinserción muscular y la transposición del recto superior. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes diagnosticados de síndrome de Duane con esotropía operados con cualquier tipo de transposición muscular asociada o no al debilitamiento del recto medio con seguimiento mayor de 12 meses. Se consideró un buen resultado una desviación ≤ 10 dioptrías prismáticas (dp) en posición primaria de la mirada, tortícolis < 10° con mejoría de la abducción y sin diplopía. RESULTADOS: Un total de 7 casos fueron incluidos (6 mujeres, 6 unilaterales), con una edad media de 37,71 años. La esotropía inicial en posición primaria de la mirada de 28 ± 11,68dp disminuyó a 6 ± 4,62dp al final del seguimiento (p = 0,009). El tortícolis mejoró en 6, y la abducción mejoró un grado en todos (media: -3,14 a -2,14). En 4 casos apareció una desviación vertical ≤ 8dp. Ningún paciente tuvo diplopía final. El porcentaje de reintervenciones fue del 71,42%; solo un 28,57% obtuvo un buen resultado con una cirugía y ascendió a un 71,42% al final del seguimiento con cirugías adicionales. El tiempo de evolución medio fue de 52 ± 31,65 meses. CONCLUSIONES: Las transposiciones en el síndrome de Duane con signos clínicos moderados o severos han sido solo eficaces en una pequeña proporción de los casos. La mayoría requirió una segunda cirugía para corregir las complicaciones o las hipocorrecciones


OBJECTIVE: To study the long-term efficacy and the complications of several transposition techniques for the treatment of Duane syndrome. These included, full vertical rectus transposition, partial vertical rectus transposition, transposition without muscle disinsertion, and superior rectus transposition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of the patients diagnosed with Duane syndrome, and who underwent any of the different transposition techniques associated or not to the medial rectus recession with a follow-up longer than 12 months. A good result was considered a final deviation ≤ 10 prism dioptres (pd) in primary position, anomalous head posture < 10°, and an improvement of the abduction without diplopia. RESULTS: Seven cases were included (6 women, 6 unilateral), and a mean age of 37.71 years. Pre-operative central gaze esotropia of 28 ± 11.68 pd decreased to 6 ± 4.62 pd at the final visit (P = .009). The anomalous head posture decreased in 6 patients, and the abduction improved one degree from -3.14 to -2.14 (mean). An induced vertical deviation ≤ 8pd was observed in 4 cases. None experienced diplopia at the final visit. The percentage of reoperations was 71.42%. Only 28.57% had a favourable outcome with a single surgery, which increased to 71.42% with further surgeries at the final follow-up. Mean evolution time was 52 ± 31.65 months. CONCLUSIONS: Vertical rectus transpositions in Duane syndrome with moderate or severe clinical signs have only been effective in a small percentage of the cases. Most of them required further surgeries to resolve the complications or the under-corrections


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Duane Retraction Syndrome/complications , Esotropia/etiology , Esotropia/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/transplantation , Pregnancy Outcome , Duane Retraction Syndrome/surgery , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Duane Retraction Syndrome/diagnosis , Eye Movements/physiology , Vision, Binocular/physiology
2.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) ; 96(1): 3-9, 2021 Jan.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32873478

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To study the long-term efficacy and the complications of several transposition techniques for the treatment of Duane syndrome. These included, full vertical rectus transposition, partial vertical rectus transposition, transposition without muscle disinsertion, and superior rectus transposition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of the patients diagnosed with Duane syndrome, and who underwent any of the different transposition techniques associated or not to the medial rectus recession with a follow-up longer than 12 months. A good result was considered a final deviation≤10 prism dioptres (pd) in primary position, anomalous head posture<10°, and an improvement of the abduction without diplopia. RESULTS: Seven cases were included (6 women, 6 unilateral), and a mean age of 37.71 years. Pre-operative central gaze esotropia of 28±11.68pd decreased to 6±4.62pd at the final visit (P=.009). The anomalous head posture decreased in 6 patients, and the abduction improved one degree from -3.14 to -2.14 (mean). An induced vertical deviation≤8pd was observed in 4 cases. None experienced diplopia at the final visit. The percentage of reoperations was 71.42%. Only 28.57% had a favourable outcome with a single surgery, which increased to 71.42% with further surgeries at the final follow-up. Mean evolution time was 52±31.65 months. CONCLUSIONS: Vertical rectus transpositions in Duane syndrome with moderate or severe clinical signs have only been effective in a small percentage of the cases. Most of them required further surgeries to resolve the complications or the under-corrections.

3.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 95(5): 217-222, mayo 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-198610

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analizar las cirugías de estrabismo y los resultados durante un año y medio en un hospital terciario. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes operados de estrabismo. Se analizó: edad media, sexo, diagnóstico, diplopía, técnica y anestesia, suturas ajustables, resultados, re-intervenciones y tiempo de seguimiento desde la cirugía. Se consideró buen resultado una desviación horizontal < 10 dioptrías prismáticas (dp) y vertical < 5 dp, sin diplopía. RESULTADOS: Se operaron 153 casos, con una edad media de 43,14 ± 25,58 años (61,4% mujeres). El 74,5% eran ≥ 18 años (33,33% ≥ 60). El 51% tenían diplopía. La desviación más frecuente fue horizontal: 83,6%. El diagnóstico más frecuente fue la parálisis de los nervios craneales: 32% (VI nervio: 12,4%), los estrabismos restrictivos representaron un 7,2% y la esotropía asociada a la edad, un 6,5%. Se emplearon suturas ajustables en el 19,7% y anestesia tópica en el 65,4%. El 79,2% obtuvieron buenos resultados al final del seguimiento. Las re-intervenciones fueron el 25,5%. El tiempo medio de seguimiento fue de 11,87 meses ± 6,5. El sexo femenino (p = 0,012) y la cirugía de oblicuo superior (p = 0,017) se asociaron a un peor resultado. CONCLUSIÓN: La cirugía del estrabismo del adulto fue tres veces más frecuente que la de los niños. La tercera parte de los adultos que se operaron eran ≥ 60 años. Las parálisis fueron la patología más frecuente. Las suturas ajustables se emplearon en escaso número de pacientes. Se obtuvieron buenos resultados en la mayoría de los casos


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the strabismus surgeries and the outcomes during a year and a half in a tertiary hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of patients who underwent strabismus surgery. The mean age, sex, diagnosis, diplopia, surgery, anesthesia, adjustable sutures, results, reoperations and follow up time from surgery were analyzed. A good outcome was considered when the final horizontal deviation was less than 10 prism diopters (pd) and the vertical deviation less than 5 pd without diplopia. RESULTS: A total of 153 cases were operated on, mean age: 43.14 ± 25.58 years (61.4%: women).74.5% of patients were ≥ 18 years (33.33% ≥ 60). Diplopia was present in 51% of patients. The most frequent deviation was horizontal: 83.6%. The most frequent diagnosis was cranial nerve palsies: 32% (VI nerve: 12.4%), restrictive strabismus: 7.2%, and the aged related distance esotropia: 6.5%. Adjustable sutures were used in 19.7% of cases and topical anesthesia in 65.4%. Good outcomes was present in 79.2% of cases at the end of follow-up. Reoperations were needed in 25.5%. Follow-up evolution time was 11.87 months ± 6.5. The sex female (P = .012) and the oblique superior surgery (P = .017) were associated with bad outcome. CONCLUSIÓN: The adult strabismus surgery was three times more frequent than the children strabismus surgery. The third of the adults that were operated on were ≥ 60 years. The cranial nerve palsies were the most frequent diagnosis. Adjustable sutures were rarely used. Good outcomes were obtained in most of the patients at the end of follow-up


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Esotropia/diagnosis , Esotropia/surgery , Diplopia/diagnosis , Diplopia/surgery , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/trends , Retrospective Studies , Strabismus/diagnosis , Strabismus/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Multivariate Analysis , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Treatment Outcome
4.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) ; 95(5): 217-222, 2020 May.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32063418

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the strabismus surgeries and the outcomes during a year and a half in a tertiary hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of patients who underwent strabismus surgery. The mean age, sex, diagnosis, diplopia, surgery, anesthesia, adjustable sutures, results, reoperations and follow up time from surgery were analyzed. A good outcome was considered when the final horizontal deviation was less than 10prism diopters (pd) and the vertical deviation less than 5pd without diplopia. RESULTS: A total of 153 cases were operated on, mean age: 43.14 ±25.58years (61.4%: women). 74.5% of patients were ≥18years (33.33% ≥60). Diplopia was present in 51% of patients. The most frequent deviation was horizontal: 83.6%. The most frequent diagnosis was cranial nerve palsies: 32% (VI nerve: 12.4%), restrictive strabismus: 7.2%, and the aged related distance esotropia: 6.5%. Adjustable sutures were used in 19.7% of cases and topical anesthesia in 65.4%. Good outcomes was present in 79.2% of cases at the end of follow-up. Reoperations were needed in 25.5%. Follow-up evolution time was 11.87 months ±6.5. The sex female (P=.012) and the oblique superior surgery (P=.017) were associated with bad outcome. CONCLUSION: The adult strabismus surgery was three times more frequent than the children strabismus surgery. The third of the adults that were operated on were ≥60 years. The cranial nerve palsies were the most frequent diagnosis. Adjustable sutures were rarely used. Good outcomes were obtained in most of the patients at the end of follow-up.


Subject(s)
Strabismus/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/trends , Retrospective Studies , Tertiary Care Centers , Young Adult
5.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 94(6): 285-287, jun. 2019.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-185048

ABSTRACT

Se describe un caso probable de espasmo de acomodación aislado unilateral en una niña de 10 años sin antecedentes de relevancia. Presentó disminución de agudeza visual en el ojo derecho (OD) que variaba entre 0,2-0,6 y de cerca (Rossano Weiss) 0,125. La refracción sin cicloplejía era de OD -6 dioptrías (D) y OI + 0,25 D y con cicloplejía OD + 0,5 D OI + 0,75 D. Presentó ortotropía, ducciones y versiones normales. Pupilas isocóricas, reactivas a la luz, segmento anterior y posterior, la tomografía de coherencia óptica, estudios neurofisiológicos (potenciales evocados, electrorretinograma y electroculograma) y resonancia magnética craneal normales. Se prescribió atropina 1% en OD durante 15 días mejorando la agudeza visual de lejos 0,8 y cerca 0,25. El espasmo de la acomodación es una situación rara y suele ser bilateral. Puede estar asociado a traumatismos craneales u oculares por lo que las pruebas de imagen son necesarias. El tratamiento consiste en fármacos ciclopléjicos (atropina, ciclopentolato), sin embargo, no existe una pauta definida


This case report describes a probable unilateral accommodation spasm in a 10 year-old girl with no significant medical history. The right eye showed decreased visual acuity, 0.2 to 0.6 for far distance and 0.125 for near distance. Refraction without cycloplegia showed myopization up to -6 and cycloplegic refraction of + 0.50. The patient had normal ocular motility, orthophoria, normal pupil reflex, normal anterior and posterior segments, normal optical coherence tomography. Neurophysiological tests and brain magnetic resonance imaging were all normal. Treatment with atropine 1% drops for 15 days improved distance visual acuity to 0.8. Accommodation spasm is a rare condition and is usually bilateral. Imaging test are necessary because it may be associated with ocular or head trauma. Treatment consists of cycloplegic drugs (atropine, cyclopentolate); however, there is no defined guideline


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Accommodation, Ocular , Atropine/therapeutic use , Muscarinic Antagonists/therapeutic use , Spasm/diagnosis , Spasm/drug therapy
6.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) ; 94(6): 285-287, 2019 Jun.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30837173

ABSTRACT

This case report describes a probable unilateral accommodation spasm in a 10 year-old girl with no significant medical history. The right eye showed decreased visual acuity, 0.2 to 0.6 for far distance and 0.125 for near distance. Refraction without cycloplegia showed myopization up to -6 and cycloplegic refraction of+0.50. The patient had normal ocular motility, orthophoria, normal pupil reflex, normal anterior and posterior segments, normal optical coherence tomography. Neurophysiological tests and brain magnetic resonance imaging were all normal. Treatment with atropine 1% drops for 15 days improved distance visual acuity to 0.8. Accommodation spasm is a rare condition and is usually bilateral. Imaging test are necessary because it may be associated with ocular or head trauma. Treatment consists of cycloplegic drugs (atropine, cyclopentolate); however, there is no defined guideline.


Subject(s)
Accommodation, Ocular , Spasm , Atropine/therapeutic use , Child , Female , Humans , Muscarinic Antagonists/therapeutic use , Spasm/diagnosis , Spasm/drug therapy
7.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 94(3): 107-113, mar. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-178310

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir las alteraciones de la motilidad ocular, tratamiento y resultados en la miastenia gravis (MG). Material y método: Se analizaron retrospectivamente datos de pacientes con MG. Se evaluaron la edad media, el sexo, el diagnóstico inicial, la desviación ocular, la evolución de los síntomas, el tratamiento realizado y los resultados. Se consideró buen resultado la resolución de la desviación o diplopía al final del seguimiento en posición primaria de mirada y lectura. Resultados: Se incluyeron 14 casos (9: mujeres; bilaterales: 10) de edad media: 55,64 años. En 4 el diagnóstico fue realizado en oftalmología. El diagnóstico inicial fue en 3 casos parálisis del iii par bilateral, en uno parálisis del iii par unilateral, en 3 paresia de recto superior o inferior, en 2 casos parálisis del vi par, en uno paresia del iv par, en 3 de exotropía y en uno de endotropía. La diplopía se presentó en los 14 casos y 9 asociaron ptosis. La desviación ocular fue horizontal en 11 (8: exotropía) y vertical en 4. Se realizó cirugía de estrabismo con buen resultado final en 4 casos que no respondieron al tratamiento farmacológico. Seis pacientes resolvieron la diplopía con el tratamiento farmacológico y un caso con prismas. La ptosis requirió tratamiento quirúrgico en un paciente. Se consiguieron buenos resultados en un 78,57%. Conclusión: La diplopía de comienzo agudo secundaria a un estrabismo de ángulo variable o parálisis oculomotora, con o sin ptosis, puede ser diagnóstico de MG. La cirugía de estrabismo consiguió buenos resultados. El tratamiento farmacológico no consiguió resolver la diplopía en todos los casos


Objective: To present a report of the ocular motility disorders, treatment and outcomes of myasthenia gravis (MG). Material and method: A retrospective study was performed on the data of patients with MG. An evaluation was made using mean age, gender, initial diagnosis, ocular deviation, time of onset of clinical characteristics, treatment and results. Resolution of diplopia and/or ocular deviation in primary and reading gaze was considered a good outcome at the end of follow-up. Results: A total of 14 cases were included. The mean age of the sample was 55.64 years, of which 9 were women, and 10 cases were bilateral. The diagnosis was made by ophthalmologists in 4 cases. The initial diagnoses were diverse: bilateral cranial third nerve palsy in 3, unilateral third nerve palsy in 1, superior or inferior rectus palsy in 3, sixth nerve palsy in 2, fourth nerve palsy in 1, exotropia in 3 and esotropia in 1. Diplopia was presented in 14 cases and 9 associated ptosis. The different types of strabismus were horizontal ocular deviation in 11 cases: 8 with exotropia, and 4 with vertical deviation. Strabismus surgery was performed in 4 cases that did not respond to medical treatment, with a good final outcome. Pharmacological treatment resolved diplopia in 6 cases, and prisms in one. Ptosis surgery was only necessary in one patient. Outcome was favourable in 78.57% at the end of follow-up. Conclusion: Acute onset diplopia caused by strabismus with variable angle or oculomotor palsy, associated or not with a ptosis can indicate MG. There were favourable outcomes with strabismus surgery. Pharmacological treatment did not resolve the diplopia in all cases


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diplopia/etiology , Diplopia/surgery , Strabismus/complications , Strabismus/surgery , Myasthenia Gravis/complications , Ocular Motility Disorders/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Blepharoptosis/surgery
8.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) ; 94(3): 107-113, 2019 Mar.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30580990

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To present a report of the ocular motility disorders, treatment and outcomes of myasthenia gravis (MG). MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective study was performed on the data of patients with MG. An evaluation was made using mean age, gender, initial diagnosis, ocular deviation, time of onset of clinical characteristics, treatment and results. Resolution of diplopia and/or ocular deviation in primary and reading gaze was considered a good outcome at the end of follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 14 cases were included. The mean age of the sample was 55.64 years, of which 9 were women, and 10 cases were bilateral. The diagnosis was made by ophthalmologists in 4 cases. The initial diagnoses were diverse: bilateral cranial third nerve palsy in 3, unilateral third nerve palsy in 1, superior or inferior rectus palsy in 3, sixth nerve palsy in 2, fourth nerve palsy in 1, exotropia in 3 and esotropia in 1. Diplopia was presented in 14 cases and 9 associated ptosis. The different types of strabismus were horizontal ocular deviation in 11 cases: 8 with exotropia, and 4 with vertical deviation. Strabismus surgery was performed in 4 cases that did not respond to medical treatment, with a good final outcome. Pharmacological treatment resolved diplopia in 6 cases, and prisms in one. Ptosis surgery was only necessary in one patient. Outcome was favourable in 78.57% at the end of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Acute onset diplopia caused by strabismus with variable angle or oculomotor palsy, associated or not with a ptosis can indicate MG. There were favourable outcomes with strabismus surgery. Pharmacological treatment did not resolve the diplopia in all cases.


Subject(s)
Diplopia/etiology , Diplopia/surgery , Myasthenia Gravis/complications , Strabismus/etiology , Strabismus/surgery , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
9.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 93(8): 381-385, ago. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-174991

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Valorar indicaciones y resultados conseguidos con las recesiones parciales de los rectos verticales en pacientes con diplopía y estrabismo vertical de pequeño ángulo (≤10 dp). MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo de 9 pacientes tratados con recesión parcial temporal o nasal de recto superior (RS) o inferior (RI), en 2017. Se consideró buen resultado la eliminación de la diplopía al final del seguimiento en posición primaria de la mirada e infraversión. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 9 casos. Edad media: 66,3 años (55,5% mujeres), diagnosticados de paresia del IV nervio (3), paresia incompleta del III (2), sagging eye (2), estrabismo asociado a la edad (1) y estrabismo restrictivo poscirugía de retina (1). La desviación vertical media preoperatoria en posición primaria de la mirada fue 8,2 dp y la postoperatoria 0,8 dp (diferencia significativa entre medias, p = 0,007). En 4 se operó el RS (3 el extremo temporal y uno el nasal). En 5 se operó el RI (4 el extremo temporal y uno el nasal). La dosis media de recesión parcial fue de 3,77mm. En un 55,5% se eliminó la diplopía y un 33,3% quedó con diplopía intermitente bien tolerada. Se obtuvo un buen resultado en el 88,8% con un periodo de seguimiento de 7,1 meses, sin hipercorrecciones. CONCLUSIONES: La recesión parcial de RS o RI consiguió buenos resultados en la mayoría de los casos en los estrabismos verticales de pequeño ángulo con diplopía. Aunque no provocó torsión postoperatoria, ni modificación de la preoperatoria, se debería realizar un estudio previo


OBJECTIVE: To assess the indications and results obtained with partial vertical recti recessions in patients with diplopia and small-angle vertical strabismus ( ≤ 10 dp). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 9 patients that were operated on with partial temporal or nasal recession of the superior (SR) or inferior rectus (IR), during 2017. A good outcome was considered when diplopia was resolved in primary position and infraversion, at the end of follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 9 cases were included, with a mean age 66.3 years (55.5 % women), diagnosed with sixth nerve palsy (3), incomplete third nerve palsy (2), sagging eye (2), age related strabismus (1), and restrictive strabismus post-retinal surgery (1). Mean preoperative vertical deviation was 8.2 dp in primary position and the post-operative vertical deviation was 0.8 dp (mean difference was statistically significant, P = .007). In 4 cases, the SR was operated on (temporal pole in 3 and nasal in 1). The IR was operated on in 5 patients (temporal pole in 4 and nasal in 1). Mean recession was 3.77 mm. In 55.5% of case diplopia was eliminated, and in a 33.3% a well-tolerated, intermittent diplopia persisted. A good outcome was obtained in 88.8% of the cases at the end of follow-up (mean: 7. 1 months), with no over-corrections. CONCLUSIONS: Partial SR or IR recessions obtained good results in most of the cases with small angle vertical strabismus and diplopia. Although post-operative torsion or modification of the pre-operative torsion was not observed, a prior study should be made of torsion


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diplopia/surgery , Strabismus/surgery , Surgical Clearance/methods , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Torsion Abnormality/physiopathology , Torsion Abnormality/surgery
10.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) ; 93(8): 381-385, 2018 Aug.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29853417

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the indications and results obtained with partial vertical recti recessions in patients with diplopia and small-angle vertical strabismus (≤10 dp). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 9 patients that were operated on with partial temporal or nasal recession of the superior (SR) or inferior rectus (IR), during 2017. A good outcome was considered when diplopia was resolved in primary position and infraversion, at the end of follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 9 cases were included, with a mean age 66.3 years (55.5% women), diagnosed with sixth nerve palsy (3), incomplete third nerve palsy (2), sagging eye (2), age related strabismus (1), and restrictive strabismus post-retinal surgery (1). Mean preoperative vertical deviation was 8.2 dp in primary position and the post-operative vertical deviation was 0.8 dp (mean difference was statistically significant, P=.007). In 4 cases, the SR was operated on (temporal pole in 3 and nasal in 1). The IR was operated on in 5 patients (temporal pole in 4 and nasal in 1). Mean recession was 3.77mm. In 55.5% of case diplopia was eliminated, and in a 33.3% a well-tolerated, intermittent diplopia persisted. A good outcome was obtained in 88.8% of the cases at the end of follow-up (mean: 7. 1 months), with no over-corrections. CONCLUSIONS: Partial SR or IR recessions obtained good results in most of the cases with small angle vertical strabismus and diplopia. Although post-operative torsion or modification of the pre-operative torsion was not observed, a prior study should be made of torsion.


Subject(s)
Diplopia/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Strabismus/surgery , Abducens Nerve Diseases/surgery , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diplopia/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Oculomotor Nerve Diseases/surgery , Retrospective Studies
11.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 91(12): 561-566, dic. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-158441

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analizar las características clínicas de la esotropia asociada a la edad (ETAE), su tratamiento y los resultados terapéuticos obtenidos. MÉTODOS: Se analizaron retrospectivamente expedientes de pacientes diagnosticados de ETAE entre los años 2008 y 2015. Se evaluaron edad media y sexo, desviación en posición primaria de lejos y de cerca medida en dioptrías prismáticas (dp), tratamiento realizado y desviación posquirúrgica. Ducciones y versiones eran normales, sin sospecha de limitación en la abducción. Se excluyó a pacientes con enfermedad neurológica o tiroidea y miopía magna. Se consideró un buen resultado la desaparición de la diplopía en todas las posiciones de la mirada. RESULTADOS: Un total de 16 expedientes fueron analizados (11 mujeres [68,8%]). La edad media al diagnóstico fue de 78,19±6,77 años. La desviación a 33cm variaba desde −4 dp de exotropia hasta 8 dp de esotropia con una desviación media de 2,25±3,08 dp de esotropia. En la mirada lejana, el rango de esotropia era de 2 a 18 dp con una desviación media de 9,75±4,18 dp. En 5 casos no fue necesario tratamiento por ser la sintomatología intermitente y bien tolerada. De 11 pacientes sintomáticos, uno fue corregido con prisma. Se administró toxina botulínica en otro paciente sin resultado satisfactorio. Otros 7 fueron intervenidos mediante plegamiento de recto lateral y uno mediante retroinserción de recto medio, al que se le indicaron prismas antes de la intervención. Un paciente rechazó la cirugía a pesar de la diplopía constante en visión lejana. A los 16,5 meses de media de evolución, todos los pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente se encontraban asintomáticos. CONCLUSIONES: No todos los pacientes con ETAE requieren tratamiento, pues la tolerancia a la diplopía es variable de unos sujetos a otros. El debilitamiento del recto medial o el refuerzo del recto lateral proporcionan excelentes resultados


OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of a group of patients with age-related distance esotropia (ARDE). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on a consecutive case series of 16 adult patients diagnosed with ARDE between 2008 and 2015. The clinical features evaluated included mean age and gender, primary position deviations at distance and near, measured in prism dioptres (pd), treatment offered in each case, and post-surgical deviations. Ductions and versions were full, with no evidence of lateral rectus paresis. None of these patients had any obvious underlying neurological disorder, such as, high myopia or thyroid disease. A good result is considered to be the disappearance of diplopia in all positions of gaze. RESULTS: A total of 16 patients (11 females [68.8%]) were identified. The mean age at diagnosis was 78.19±6.77 years. The mean initial esodeviation was 2.25±3.08 pd at near (−4 to +8 pd) and 9.5±4.18 pd at distance (2 to 18 pd). Treatment was not necessary in 5 cases because the symptoms were intermittent or well-tolerated. Of the 11 patients with symptoms, one was corrected with an external base therapeutic prism. Botulinum toxin was administered in another patient, without satisfactory results. Unilateral medial rectus muscle recession was performed on one patient, and unilateral lateral rectus plication on 7 patients, indicating prisms before surgery. One patient refused surgery despite continuous diplopia in far vision. After a mean follow-up of 16.5 months, all operated patients were asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Not all patients with ARDE require treatment, as the tolerance to diplopia varies from one subject to another. Both medial rectus weakening and lateral rectus strengthening provides excellent results


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Esotropia/diagnosis , Esotropia/therapy , Diplopia/complications , Diplopia/therapy , Exotropia/complications , Exotropia/therapy , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Esotropia/surgery , Aging/pathology , Helsinki Declaration , Informed Consent/standards , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
12.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 91(12): 561-566, 2016 Dec.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27255989

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of a group of patients with age-related distance esotropia (ARDE). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on a consecutive case series of 16 adult patients diagnosed with ARDE between 2008 and 2015. The clinical features evaluated included mean age and gender, primary position deviations at distance and near, measured in prism dioptres (pd), treatment offered in each case, and post-surgical deviations. Ductions and versions were full, with no evidence of lateral rectus paresis. None of these patients had any obvious underlying neurological disorder, such as, high myopia or thyroid disease. A good result is considered to be the disappearance of diplopia in all positions of gaze. RESULTS: A total of 16 patients (11 females [68.8%]) were identified. The mean age at diagnosis was 78.19±6.77 years. The mean initial esodeviation was 2.25±3.08 pd at near (-4 to +8 pd) and 9.5±4.18 pd at distance (2 to 18 pd). Treatment was not necessary in 5 cases because the symptoms were intermittent or well-tolerated. Of the 11 patients with symptoms, one was corrected with an external base therapeutic prism. Botulinum toxin was administered in another patient, without satisfactory results. Unilateral medial rectus muscle recession was performed on one patient, and unilateral lateral rectus plication on 7 patients, indicating prisms before surgery. One patient refused surgery despite continuous diplopia in far vision. After a mean follow-up of 16.5 months, all operated patients were asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Not all patients with ARDE require treatment, as the tolerance to diplopia varies from one subject to another. Both medial rectus weakening and lateral rectus strengthening provides excellent results.


Subject(s)
Esotropia/diagnosis , Esotropia/surgery , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
13.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 87(11): 363-367, nov. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-106643

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar los factores que pueden incidir en la descompensación del estrabismo o aparición de diplopía en pacientes sometidos a cirugía refractiva. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de 19 pacientes remitidos por presentar descompensación de la motilidad ocular y/o de la visión binocular tras cirugía refractiva. La edad media era 38,89 DS±10,26 años (rango 27 a 63). Catorce pacientes eran miopes, cinco hipermétropes. Cinco de ellos presentaban anisometropía intensa. En tres casos la técnica refractiva fue fotoqueratectomía refractiva, en trece de tipo Lasik, en uno LIO+Lasik y en dos LIO bilateral. Resultados: La prevalencia de diplopía poscirugía refractiva fue 0,12% (5 de los 19 procedían de nuestro centro, sobre una base de datos de 4.135 pacientes sometidos a cirugia refractiva, al realizar el estudio). Todos tenían patología binocular previa a la cirugía. Tras esta, once presentaban endoforia o endotropía, tres exoforia o exotropía, dos desviaciones verticales y tres horizontal y vertical. Las causas de descompensación fueron: factor acomodativo residual, hipercorrección refractiva en sentido hipermetrópico, inestabilidad visual, anisoagudeza, descompensación de una foria en el estrabismo del miope magno, pérdida de supresión, cambio de dominancia y presbicia. Frecuentemente varios factores actuaron simultáneamente. Conclusiones: La aparición de diplopía o estrabismo poscirugía refractiva es poco frecuente. Varios factores pueden incidir en la descompensación, fundamentalmente la hipercorrección miópica y los factores acomodativos y visuales, especialmente en edad présbita, en fuertes anisométropes y miopes magnos(AU)


Objective: To evaluate factors that may decompensate a strabismus or lead to diplopia after refractive surgery. Methods: Retrospective study of 19 patients, who presented with binocular decompensation after refractive surgery. Mean age at surgery was 38.89 SD 10.26 (27-63) years. Fourteen patients were myopic, 5 hyperopic, and 5 of them had a marked anisometropia. The photo-refractive keratectomy procedure was used in 3 cases, laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in 13, posterior chamber-IOL)+LASIK in one of them, and bilateral IOL in 2 cases. Results: There was a prevalence of strabismus of 0.12%. All of our patients had a binocular pathology previous to the refractive surgery. After surgery, 11 patients had an esophoria or esotropia, 3 exophoria or exotropia, 2 vertical deviations, and 3 horizontal and vertical deviations. Several factors often worked simultaneously in the same patient, such as: residual accommodation, refractive overcorrection (hyperopia), visual instability or anisoacuity, high myopia and phoria decompensation, elimination of suppression, dominance change, and a presbyopic age. Conclusions: All of our patients had a previous binocular pathology. Binocularity may decompensate by several factors but mostly by myopic overcorrection, accommodation and visual factors, particularly in patients close to or in presbyopic age, in anisometropia and high myopia(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Strabismus/complications , Strabismus/surgery , Diplopia/complications , Diplopia/surgery , Refractive Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Ocular Motility Disorders/complications , Ocular Motility Disorders/diagnosis , /physiology , Anisometropia/complications , Orthokeratologic Procedures/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Anisometropia/diagnosis , Refractive Surgical Procedures , Vision, Binocular/physiology
14.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 87(11): 363-7, 2012 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23058195

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors that may decompensate a strabismus or lead to diplopia after refractive surgery. METHODS: Retrospective study of 19 patients, who presented with binocular decompensation after refractive surgery. Mean age at surgery was 38.89 SD 10.26 (27-63) years. Fourteen patients were myopic, 5 hyperopic, and 5 of them had a marked anisometropia. The photo-refractive keratectomy procedure was used in 3 cases, laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in 13, posterior chamber-IOL)+LASIK in one of them, and bilateral IOL in 2 cases. RESULTS: There was a prevalence of strabismus of 0.12%. All of our patients had a binocular pathology previous to the refractive surgery. After surgery, 11 patients had an esophoria or esotropia, 3 exophoria or exotropia, 2 vertical deviations, and 3 horizontal and vertical deviations. Several factors often worked simultaneously in the same patient, such as: residual accommodation, refractive overcorrection (hyperopia), visual instability or anisoacuity, high myopia and phoria decompensation, elimination of suppression, dominance change, and a presbyopic age. CONCLUSIONS: All of our patients had a previous binocular pathology. Binocularity may decompensate by several factors but mostly by myopic overcorrection, accommodation and visual factors, particularly in patients close to or in presbyopic age, in anisometropia and high myopia.


Subject(s)
Diplopia/etiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Refractive Surgical Procedures , Strabismus/etiology , Accommodation, Ocular , Adult , Age Factors , Diplopia/epidemiology , Dominance, Ocular , Female , Humans , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Prevalence , Refractive Errors/physiopathology , Refractive Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Strabismus/epidemiology , Vision, Binocular , Visual Acuity
15.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 76(6): 371-8, 2001 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11438868

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the factors involved in the development of consecutive exotropia (XTc), and the surgical procedures used for its treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study on 30 patients who underwent surgery for XTc was carried out in our Department. The following characteristics were studied prior to surgery: anamnesis, refraction, deviation angle measurement, detection of amblyopia and diplopia prior to the operation, abnormal head posture rotations and presence of any vertical deviation and anisotropy. The surgical technique used was individually considered for each patient and included bilateral lateral rectus recessions and/or unilateral medial rectus advancement to its/their original insertion site. RESULTS: Before surgery, 53.33% of our patients showed amblyopia, 66.66% of them showed rotation limitation, 46.66% showed dissociated vertical deviation (DVD), 20% had abnormal head posture and 10% diplopia. <> results (residual deviation of 10 prism diopters or less) were obtained in 70% of our patients. More than half of our cases were corrected with one single procedure. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of amblyopia, rotation limitations and vertical deviations (DVD and/or alphabetical syndromes) were found to be the most common factors in the development of a XTc in our study. The results indicate that a residual angle less than 10 prism diopters is obtained in 70% of our patients. The technique of choice is a bilateral lateral rectus muscle recession for deviations up to 35 prism diopters. The association of an advancement of one or both medial rectus muscles is necessary when the initial deviation exceeds 35 prism diopters.


Subject(s)
Exotropia/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Humans , Middle Aged , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Retrospective Studies
16.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 76(6): 371-378, jun. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-8699

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar los factores que influyen en la aparición de la exotropía consecutiva (XTc), así como sus procedimientos quirúrgicos correctores. Material y métodos: Hemos realizado un estudio restrospectivo en nuestro departamento, incluyendo 30 pacientes operados de XTc. Antes de la cirugía se estudiaron los siguientes aspectos: anamnesis, retracción, ángulo de desviación, detección de ambliopía y diplopía, y exploración de ducciones, tortícolis y anisotropía. La técnica empleada fue individualizada para cada paciente. Se realizó retroinserción de uno o ambos rectos laterales; también se hicieron avanzamientos del recto medio operado previamente. Material y métodos: Hemos realizado un estudio restrospectivo en nuestro departamento, incluyendo 30 pacientes operados de XTc. Antes de la cirugía se estudiaron los siguientes aspectos: anamnesis, retracción, ángulo de desviación, detección de ambliopía y diplopía, y exploración de ducciones, tortícolis y anisotropía. La técnica empleada fue individualizada para cada paciente. Se realizó retroinserción de uno o ambos rectos laterales; también se hicieron avanzamientos del recto medio operado previamente. Resultados: Preoperatoriamente se encontraron un 53,33 por ciento de pacientes con ambliopía, un 66,6 por ciento de limitación de las ducciones, un 46,6 por ciento de DVD, un 20 por ciento de tortícolis y un 10 por ciento de diplopías. En la mayoría de los casos (70 por ciento) el resultado fue 'bueno' (ángulo residual de menos de 10 dioptrías prismáticas). En más de la mitad de los pacientes una cirugía fue suficiente para solventar la XTc. Conclusiones: En nuestro estudio se demuestra que la ambliopía, la limitación de las ducciones, las alteraciones verticales (DVD y síndromes alfabéticos) son las alteraciones más frecuentemente encontrados en la XTc. Los resultados indican que, en un 70 por ciento de los pacientes tratados por nosotros, se consigue un ángulo residual de menos de 10 dioptrías prismáticas (DP). La técnica de elección es la doble recesión de rectos laterales, cuando la desviación es menor a 35 DP; cuando es mayor, es necesario un avanzamiento de uno o ambos rectos mediales (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Child , Adult , Adolescent , Humans , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Retrospective Studies , Exotropia
17.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 75(9): 581-588, sept. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-6532

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Conocer las causas y el resultado del tratamiento de la diplopía binocular persistente, observada posteriormente a la cirugía de cataratas. Método: Se realiza un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 19 pacientes con diplopía tras cirugía de catarata, a los que se les practica una cuidadosa anamnesis y un examen sensorial y motor antes de proceder al tratamiento médico y/o quirúrgico. Resultados: Se clasificaron según la etiología en: patología o trauma quirúrgico (47,4 por ciento), alteración en la visión binocular (ambliopía, estrabismo previo o larga supresión por la catarata) (47,4 por ciento), alteraciones en la refracción (5,2 por ciento) y enfermedad previa. El tratamiento inicial con prismas fue tolerado en el 47,4 por ciento, requiriendo cirugía el 36,8 por ciento, administración de toxina botulínica en el 5,3 por ciento y penalización para evitar la diplopía en el 10,5 por ciento. Un 36,8 por ciento continúa con diplopía, desapareciendo en el 63,2 por ciento por haber recuperado la visión binocular, por producirse una supresión propia o por penalización. Conclusiones: La diplopía post-cirugía de catarata es una grave complicación que se debe tener en cuenta en la cirugía de polo anterior. A pesar de los distintos tratamientos empleados, su desaparición no es fácil de conseguir (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Cataract Extraction , Diplopia
18.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 75(7): 471-476, jul. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-6518

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Valorar los resultados obtenidos en las parálisis del sexto nervio craneal de las citadas etiologías tratadas mediante toxina botulínica, y analizar los factores que pueden influir. Métodos: Se estudian 35 ojos diagnosticados de parálisis unilateral del sexto nervio, 21 de etiología traumática (grupo I) y 14 de etiología tumoral (grupo II). Todos los casos eran unilaterales. El tratamiento consistió en la inyección de toxina botulínica en el recto medial del ojo afecto, con anestesia tópica. En el grupo I, la desviación media era de 59 dioptrías, y en el grupo II de 37 dioptrías. Analizamos la desviación inicial, el inicio del tratamiento, la dosis y número de inyecciones, los efectos colaterales, el resultado final y el tiempo de seguimiento. Resultados: En el grupo I, el número medio de inyecciones fue de 1,7 y la dosis media de 10,23 unidades internacionales, con un éxito del 38 por ciento, obteniéndose mejores resultados si se inicia el tratamiento antes de los seis meses, cuanto menor es la desviación inicial y cuanto mejor es la función inicial del recto lateral. En el grupo II, el número medio de inyecciones fue de 1,5 y la dosis media de 8,21 unidades internacionales, con un éxito del 57 por ciento, sin que ninguna de las variables anteriormente citadas influyan. Conclusiones: En las parálisis de etiología traumática consideramos útil inyectar toxina antes de seis meses, el resultado dependerá de la función inicial del recto lateral y del ángulo de desviación inicial. También puede ser empleada como ayuda diagnóstica y como tratamiento crónico en aquellos pacientes que no pueden ser intervenidos por su patología de base (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Adolescent , Aged , Humans , Abducens Nerve Diseases , Abducens Nerve Injury , Botulinum Toxins , Cranial Nerve Neoplasms
19.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 75(1): 29-34, ene. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-6449

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Estudiar los resultados obtenidos en los pacientes con síndrome de Brown congénito intervenidos mediante la técnica del afilamiento del oblicuo superior. Método: De los 19 casos diagnosticados de síndrome de Brown en nuestra sección durante un período de 4 años (enero de 1992 y diciembre de 1995), 9 enfermos fueron seleccionados e intervenidos por presentar hipotropía en posición primaria de la mirada y/o tortícolis. En 3 casos se asoció una retroinsercción del oblicuo superior Resultados: La limitación de la elevación en aducción mejoró en todos los casos excepto en uno (11,1 por ciento). La hipotropía prequirúrgica presente en 7 enfermos (77,8 por ciento) se resolvió posteriormente en 5 (71,42 por ciento). El tortícolis inicial con una incidencia del 77,8 por ciento (7/9) desapareció por completo en 3, y mejoró en otros 3. La visión binocular se recuperó en 2 casos. Un mal resultado se obtuvo en un 22,22 por ciento (2/9) por persistir el tortícolis y la hipotropía. No se observaron complicaciones intraoperatorias ni postoperatorias, salvo una paresia transitoria del oblicuo superior que no requirió cirugía. Conclusiones: El afilamiento del tendón del oblicuo superior es una técnica eficaz en el tratamiento del síndrome de Brown en aquellos pacientes que presentan una alteración vertical en posición primaria de la mirada y/o tortícolis (AU)


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Male , Infant , Female , Humans , Syndrome , Ocular Motility Disorders
20.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 75(7): 471-6, 2000 Jul.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11151199

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To study the treatment of sixth nerve palsies of traumatic or tumoral etiologies using botulinum toxin. The factors and possible influences are analysed. METHODS: 35 patients with unilateral sixth nerve palsy are studied, 21 presenting traumatic (group I) and 14 with tumoral etiology (group II). They have been treated with botulinum toxin into the medial rectus muscle, using topical anesthesia. In group I the mean preoperative deviation was 59 diopters, in group II it was 37 diopters. The follow-up time, the initial deviation, the dose, the number of injections, the colateral effects and the final results are analyzed. RESULTS: In group I, the mean number of injections was 1.7, and the dose 10.23 international units, success was achieved in 38% of the patients, better results are obtained when treatment is injected within six months after traumatism, when less initial deviation and better initial lateral muscle function are present. In group II, the mean number of injections was 1.5 and the dose 8.21 international units, success was achieved in 57%, no influence among these factors was found. CONCLUSIONS: We consider useful to treat the traumatic palsy with botulinum toxin within six months after traumatism. The results depend on the initial deviation and the previous lateral muscle function. It is also useful as a chronic treatment and as a diagnosis procedure.


Subject(s)
Abducens Nerve Diseases/drug therapy , Abducens Nerve Injury/drug therapy , Botulinum Toxins/therapeutic use , Abducens Nerve Diseases/etiology , Abducens Nerve Injury/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cranial Nerve Neoplasms/complications , Humans , Middle Aged
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...