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3.
Rev Esp Quimioter ; 35(5): 475-481, 2022 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35796693

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Mortality of patients requiring Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission for an invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infection continues being high. In critically ill patients with bacteremic GAS infection we aimed at determining risk factors for mortality. METHODS: Retrospective multicentre study carried out in nine ICU in Southern Spain. All adult patients admitted to the participant ICUs from January 2014 to June 2019 with one positive blood culture for S. pyogenes were included in this study. Patient characteristics, infection-related variables, therapeutic interventions, failure of organs, and outcomes were registered. Risk factors independently associated with ICU and in-hospital mortalities were determined by multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS: Fifty-seven patients were included: median age was 63 (45-73) years, median SOFA score at admission was 11 (7-13). The most frequent source was skin and soft tissue infection (n=32) followed by unknown origin of bacteremia (n=12). In the multivariate analysis, age (OR 1.079; 95% CI 1.016-1.145), SOFA score (OR 2.129; 95% CI 1.339-3.383) were the risk factors for ICU mortality and the use of clindamycin was identified as a protective factor (OR 0.049; 95% CI 0.003-0.737). Age and SOFA were the independent factors associated with hospital mortality however the use of clindamycin showed a strong trend but without reaching statistical significance (OR 0.085; 95% CI 0.007-1.095). CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of critically ill patients the use of intravenous immunoglobulin was not identified as a protective factor for ICU or hospital mortality treatment with clindamycin significantly reduced mortality after controlling for confounders.


Subject(s)
Bacteremia , Streptococcal Infections , Adult , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Clindamycin/therapeutic use , Critical Illness/therapy , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use , Intensive Care Units , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy , Streptococcus pyogenes
5.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 60(2): 94-104, mar.-abr. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-174070

ABSTRACT

La trombosis venosa portal (TVP) es una complicación frecuente en pacientes cirróticos. Una alternativa al tratamiento anticoagulante, dado el alto riesgo de hemorragia secundaria a hipertensión portal, es la inserción de un shunt portosistémico transyugular intrahepático (TIPS). Se han descrito tres estrategias para la inserción del TIPS: 1) recanalización portal e implantación convencional del TIPS por vía yugular; 2) recanalización portal mediante acceso percutáneo (transhepático/transesplénico), y 3) inserción del TIPS entre una vena suprahepática y una colateral periportal, sin recanalización portal. Describimos varios materiales útiles como diana fluoroscópica para la aguja del TIPS y para la recanalización portal. El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer el éxito en la implantación de TIPS usando las diferentes técnicas descritas combinadas, lo que representa una buena alternativa terapéutica para esos pacientes difíciles de manejar debido a su deficiente condición clínica. Por tanto, la TVP/cavernomatosis no debe considerarse como una contraindicación para TIPS


Portal vein thrombosis is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis. Anticoagulation involves a high risk of bleeding secondary to portal hypertension, so placing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) has become an alternative treatment for portal vein thrombosis. Three strategies for TIPS placement have been reported: 1) portal recanalization and conventional implantation of the TIPS through the jugular vein; 2) portal recanalization through percutaneous transhepatic/transsplenic) access; and (3) insertion of the TIPS between the suprahepatic vein and a periportal collateral vessel without portal recanalization. We describe different materials that can be used as fluoroscopic targets for the TIPS needle and for portal recanalization. This article aims to show the success of TIPS implantation using different combinations of the techniques listed above, which is a good treatment alternative in these patients whose clinical condition makes them difficult to manage, and to show that portal vein thrombosis/cavernous transformation should not be considered a contraindication for TIPS


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Middle Aged , Venous Thrombosis/complications , Venous Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging , Hypertension, Portal/complications , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnostic imaging , Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic , Hemangioma, Cavernous/diagnostic imaging , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Stents , Portography/methods
6.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 60(2): 94-104, 2018.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29122309

ABSTRACT

Portal vein thrombosis is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis. Anticoagulation involves a high risk of bleeding secondary to portal hypertension, so placing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) has become an alternative treatment for portal vein thrombosis. Three strategies for TIPS placement have been reported: 1) portal recanalization and conventional implantation of the TIPS through the jugular vein; 2) portal recanalization through percutaneous transhepatic/transsplenic) access; and (3) insertion of the TIPS between the suprahepatic vein and a periportal collateral vessel without portal recanalization. We describe different materials that can be used as fluoroscopic targets for the TIPS needle and for portal recanalization. This article aims to show the success of TIPS implantation using different combinations of the techniques listed above, which is a good treatment alternative in these patients whose clinical condition makes them difficult to manage, and to show that portal vein thrombosis/cavernous transformation should not be considered a contraindication for TIPS.


Subject(s)
Hypertension, Portal/complications , Portal Vein/abnormalities , Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic/methods , Venous Thrombosis/complications , Venous Thrombosis/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
7.
Rev Neurol ; 65(5): 193-202, 2017 Sep 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28849860

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The new 2015 criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) have been recently incorporated in the study of different international cohorts. AIM: To describe clinical-radiological characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with NMOSD according to the 2015 criteria. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 36 patients diagnosed with NMOSD according to serologic AQP4 status (positive, negative, unknown and negative + unknown). Clinical and radiological characteristics were compared and possible disability prognostic factors were evaluated. RESULTS: AQP4 were positive in 7 patients, negative in 12 and unknown in 17. Age of presentation was 36.6 ± 16 years, with higher female proportion (4:1). Mean disease duration was 7.4 ± 7.6 years. Most frequent presenting symptoms were acute myelitis (61%), optic neuritis (33%) and area postrema syndrome (11%). Most frequent MRI lesion was longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (75%). All patients received acute treatment during attacks, and preventive treatment was used in 81% (azathioprine and rituximab mostly prescribed). Median EDSS was 2.0 at the end of follow-up. No differences were observed in any of the variables comparing serologic status. Age of first attack was prognostic, with direct correlation with EDSS. First attack in < 30 years was protective, meanwhile > 50 years old patients had increased risk of disability. CONCLUSIONS: The 2015 criteria allow the description and classification of NMOSD patients within different cohorts. Age of first attack seems to be a prognostic factor for developing disability.


TITLE: Espectro de neuromielitis optica: descripcion de una cohorte segun los criterios diagnosticos de 2015.Introduccion. Los nuevos criterios diagnosticos de 2015 del espectro de neuromielitis optica (NMO) estan comenzando a utilizarse en diferentes poblaciones en el mundo. Objetivo. Describir las caracteristicas clinicorradiologicas y pronosticas de pacientes diagnosticados de NMO con los criterios de 2015. Pacientes y metodos. Analizamos retrospectivamente 36 pacientes diagnosticados de NMO con los actuales criterios. Se generaron cuatro grupos segun la serologia de antiacuaporina 4 (positivos, negativos, desconocidos y negativos mas desconocidos agrupados). Se compararon sus caracteristicas clinicorradiologicas y se evaluaron posibles variables pronosticas de discapacidad. Resultados. Encontramos siete pacientes seropositivos, 12 negativos y 17 desconocidos. La edad de inicio fue de 36 ± 16 años, con mayor proporcion de mujeres (4 a 1). La duracion de la enfermedad fue de 7,4 ± 7,6 años. Los sintomas iniciales mas frecuentes fueron mielitis (61%), neuritis optica (33%) y sindrome del area postrema (11%). La lesion mas frecuente en la resonancia magnetica fue la mielitis longitudinalmente extensa (75%). Todos los pacientes recibieron tratamiento agudo, y el preventivo se utilizo en el 81%; la azatioprina y el rituximab fueron los que mas se usaron. La mediana de la Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) fue de 2 al final del seguimiento. No hubo diferencias significativas en las variables clinicorradiologicas entre los distintos grupos de pacientes. La edad de inicio fue pronostica y presenta correlacion directa con la EDSS. El inicio antes de los 30 años fue protector y, despues de los 50 años, un factor de riesgo para mayor discapacidad. Conclusiones. Los actuales criterios permiten describir diferentes cohortes. La edad de inicio parece ser un factor pronostico para desarrollar discapacidad.


Subject(s)
Neuromyelitis Optica/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neuromyelitis Optica/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Young Adult
8.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 25(6): 472-481, dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-118112

ABSTRACT

La hemorragia digestiva alta no varicosa (HDANV) es una emergencia médica frecuente que se asocia a una considerable morbilidad y mortalidad. En los últimos años se han producido importantes avances en el manejo de la HDANV, que han permitido disminuirla recidiva hemorrágica y la mortalidad en estos pacientes. El objetivo del presente documento es ofrecer una guía de manejo de la HDANV eminentemente práctica basada en la evidencia científica y en las recomendaciones de los recientes consensos. Lostres puntos clave del manejo de la HDANV son: a) la reanimación hemodinámica precozy la prevención de las complicaciones de la patología cardiovascular de base, quees frecuente en pacientes con HDANV; b) el tratamiento endoscópico de las lesiones con alto riesgo de recidiva; y c) el uso de inhibidores de la bomba de protones a dosis altas pre y postendoscopia. La combinación de estas medidas permite reducir la recidiva y la mortalidad de la HDANV (AU)


Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common medical emergency associated with appreciable morbidity and mortality. The significant advances made in managing this condition in recent years have reduced the rates of rebleeding and mortality. These clinical guidelines for managing this emergency are intended to be highly practical, evidence-based, and take recent consensus statements into account. The 3 keys to managing nonvariceal upper GIbleeding are a) early restoration of fluids and blood pressure and the prevention of underlying cardiovascular disease, which is common in these patients; b) endoscopy to treat lesions at high risk of rebleeding; and c) medical therapy with high doses of proton pump inhibitors before and after endoscopy. These 3 measures, used in combination, reduce upperGI rebleeding and mortality rates (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy , Gastroscopy , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity , Helicobacter Infections/complications , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Stomach Ulcer/complications
9.
BMJ Case Rep ; 20132013 May 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23697454

ABSTRACT

Haemobilia, defined as bleeding into the biliary tree is a rare condition. We describe a case report of a patient who presented it as a complication of iatrogenic portobiliary fistula, followed after an open cholecystectomy. The patient presented to the emergency department with late onset symptoms of haematemesis and melena a month after surgery. Findings were confirmed by Doppler ultrasound that showed the appearance of intragallbladder mass with high echogenicity representing a blood clot. Also, next to the portal vein and the biliary duct a lesion with mixed blood flow was detected confirming a portobiliary fistula. This case was successfully managed by angiography and selective embolisation.


Subject(s)
Biliary Fistula/etiology , Cholecystectomy/adverse effects , Hemobilia/etiology , Iatrogenic Disease , Portal Vein , Adult , Biliary Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Biliary Fistula/therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic , Hemobilia/diagnostic imaging , Hemobilia/therapy , Humans , Male , Ultrasonography
10.
An Med Interna ; 23(5): 229-31, 2006 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16817701

ABSTRACT

Hydatidosis is a zoonosis with a continuing high prevalence in our environment. The most commonly affected organs are the lungs and the liver, with the musculoskeletal location being considered an unusual one. We comment the case of a patient who presented a series of lesions in his left iliac crest and middle left buttock with spontaneous fistulization to the skin surface. In this case a combined treatment was given; prior to the surgical operation we administered a cycle of albendazol. Following removal of the lesion, the patient was given two further cycles of albendazol in order to minimize the risk of a recurrence of the illness. This patient is currently free of any symptoms relating to this illness.


Subject(s)
Buttocks , Echinococcosis , Ilium , Musculoskeletal Diseases/parasitology , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Echinococcosis/therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Musculoskeletal Diseases/diagnosis , Musculoskeletal Diseases/therapy
11.
Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 29(5): 294-6, 2006 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16733035

ABSTRACT

Spontaneous intramural dissection of the esophagus (SIDE) is an unusual clinical entity. It is a benign disease that, despite its alarming endoscopic appearance, usually responds well to conservative management and has an excellent prognosis. Nevertheless, some situations require emergency surgical treatment. These situations include esophageal perforation with mediastinitis, massive bleeding, and abscess, among others. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is a useful diagnostic test when radiological examinations (hydrosoluble contrast esophagogram, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging) have excluded perforation. We present the case of a 42-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital complaining of acute chest pain, dysphagia, and odynophagia. Because of the persistence of symptoms and diagnostic uncertainty (SIDE versus complicated esophageal duplication cyst) surgery was performed. The definitive diagnosis was SIDE.


Subject(s)
Esophageal Perforation/surgery , Adult , Chest Pain/etiology , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Esophageal Cyst/diagnosis , Esophageal Perforation/complications , Esophageal Perforation/diagnosis , Esophageal Perforation/diagnostic imaging , Esophagectomy , Esophagoscopy , Esophagus/abnormalities , Female , Humans , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
12.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 23(5): 229-231, mayo 2006. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049149

ABSTRACT

La hidatidosis es una zoonosis con una elevada prevalencia aún en nuestro medio. Generalmente afecta a hígado y pulmón, debiendo considerarse la afectación músculo-esquelética una localización atípica de la enfermedad. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con lesiones en cresta iliaca y glúteo medio izquierdos, con fistulización espontánea a través de la piel. Se realizó tratamiento combinado con un ciclo de albendazol previo a la intervención y exéresis quirúrgica de la lesión. En el postoperatorio se completaron dos ciclos más de tratamiento con albendazol en un intento de disminuir el riesgo de recurrencia de la enfermedad. El paciente se encuentra asintomático y no ha presentado ninguna complicación hasta la fecha


Hydatidosis is a zoonosis with a continuing high prevalence in our environment. The most commonly affected organs are the lungs and the liver, with the musculoskeletal location being considered an unusual one. We comment the case of a patient who presented a series of lesions in his left iliac crest and middle left buttock with spontaneous fistulization to the skin surface. In this case a combined treatment was given; prior to the surgical operation we administered a cycle of albendazol. Following removal of the lesion, the patient was given two further cycles of albendazol in order to minimize the risk of a recurrence of the illness. This patient is currently free of any symptoms relating to this illness


Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Echinococcosis/complications , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Echinococcosis/surgery , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Fistula/complications , Fistula/diagnosis , Musculoskeletal System/pathology , Musculoskeletal System/surgery , Postoperative Care/methods , Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena , Echinococcosis/drug therapy , Echinococcus , Echinococcus/isolation & purification , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Postoperative Care/trends
13.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 29(5): 294-297, may. 2006. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-048354

ABSTRACT

La perforación intramural espontánea del esófago (PIEE) es un trastorno esofágico raro. Es una enfermedad benigna, que a pesar del aspecto endoscópico tan alarmante, tiene una buena respuesta al tratamiento conservador y un pronóstico excelente. Sin embargo, algunas situaciones requieren un tratamiento quirúrgico urgente: perforación con mediastinitis, sangrado masivo o absceso entre otras. La gastroscopia es una prueba fundamental para el diagnóstico, una vez garantizada la indemnidad del esófago mediante pruebas radiológicas (esofagograma con contraste hidrosoluble, tomografía computarizada, resonancia magnética). Exponemos el caso de una mujer de 42 años de edad, con dolor torácico agudo, disfagia y odinofagia, que sometemos a estudio radiológico y endoscópico. Ante la persistencia de la clínica y la duda diagnóstica (perforación esofágica transmural frente a quiste de duplicación esofágico complicado), se decide intervenir quirúrgicamente. El diagnóstico final fue de PIEE


Spontaneous intramural dissection of the esophagus (SIDE) is an unusual clinical entity. It is a benign disease that, despite its alarming endoscopic appearance, usually responds well to conservative management and has an excellent prognosis. Nevertheless, some situations require emergency surgical treatment. These situations include esophageal perforation with mediastinitis, massive bleeding, and abscess, among others. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is a useful diagnostic test when radiological examinations (hydrosoluble contrast esophagogram, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging) have excluded perforation. We present the case of a 42-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital complaining of acute chest pain, dysphagia, and odynophagia. Because of the persistence of symptoms and diagnostic uncertainty (SIDE versus complicated esophageal duplication cyst) surgery was performed. The definitive diagnosis was SIDE


Subject(s)
Female , Adult , Humans , Esophageal Perforation/surgery , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Chest Pain/etiology , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Esophageal Cyst/diagnosis , Esophageal Perforation/complications , Esophageal Perforation/diagnosis , Esophageal Perforation , Esophagostomy , Esophagectomy , Esophagus/abnormalities , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
14.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig ; 96(5): 305-14, 2004 May.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15180442

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: to analyse survival and quality of life of patients with malignant obstructive jaundice after palliative treatment, comparing endoscopic stent insertion and palliative surgical (palliative resection and bypass surgical). PATIENTS AND METHOD: eighty and seven patients were included in a trial. They were distributed to endoscopic stent (50) and palliative surgical (37). It analysed survival, quality of life and comfort index of jaundiced patients. The good quality of life was defined by absence of jaundice, pruritus and cholangitis after the initial treatment. RESULTS: the median survival of the patients treated to endoscopic stent was 9,6 months whereas the patients to surgical treatment survived a median of 17 months. The time free of disease was 4 months in stented patients and 10,5 months in surgical patients. There was no significant difference in comfort index between the two groups (stented 34%, surgical 42,5%) Neither was there significant difference in survival and quality of life between palliative resection and bypass surgery. CONCLUSIONS: despite the survival and time free of disease being better in surgical patients, there was no significant difference in overall quality of life between the two groups. The survival and quality of life are the same after palliative resection as after bypass surgery, for this should not be performed routinely or to justify resection as a debulking procedure.


Subject(s)
Bile Duct Neoplasms/surgery , Biliopancreatic Diversion , Jaundice, Obstructive/surgery , Palliative Care , Pancreatic Neoplasms/surgery , Quality of Life , Stents , Aged , Bile Duct Neoplasms/complications , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Female , Humans , Jaundice, Obstructive/etiology , Male , Middle Aged , Pancreatic Neoplasms/complications , Retrospective Studies , Survival Analysis
16.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig ; 95(10): 700-6, 692-9, 2003 Oct.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14588064

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic treatment in patients with upper gastrointestinal (UGIH) due to duodenal ulcer with high risk of persistent or recurrent bleeding and to determine the associated failure factors of this procedure. PATIENTS AND METHOD: three hundred and thirty-six patients with UGIH due to duodenal ulcer requiring endoscopic treatment were analyzed between January 1992 and December 2001. The patients were classified according to the endoscopic findings: a) patients with limited bleeding; and b) patients with persistent and/or recurrent bleeding due to therapeutic failure. The clinical guidelines followed in patients with endoscopic treatment failure were previously established in the internal protocol. The variables that obtained statistical significance in the univariate analysis were included in the logistic regression model to identify those with an independent predictive value for failure of the endoscopic treatment. RESULTS: mean age of the patients was 60 +/- 17 years, 271 (81%) were male. Bleeding with severe hemodynamic affectation was detected in 82 patients (24%). The most common location of the duodenal ulcer was on the anterosuperior part of the duodenal bulb (227 patients, 68%). In 43 patients (13%) the ulcer was larger than 2 cm. The bleeding stigmata were classified as: Forrest I in 125 (38%) and Forrest II in 211 (62%). It was initially reached in 297 patients (88%). Twenty-two patients required emergency surgery (6,5%) and the global mortality rate was 3%. Severe hemodynamic affectation at admission (OR 11.8, p>0.001), ulcers exceeding 2 cm (OR 6.95, p = 0.019) and the presence of active bleeding during endoscopy (Forrest I) (OR 3.55, p = 0.08) were the variables included in the multivariate analysis independently associated to endoscopic therapy failure. CONCLUSION: endoscopic therapy is an efficient treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to duodenal ulcer. By means of a clinical variable, the hemodynamic status and two endoscopies, bleeding stigmata and the size of the ulcer, a group of patients with high risk of endoscopic treatment failure can be selected.


Subject(s)
Duodenal Ulcer/therapy , Gastroscopy , Hemostatic Techniques , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/therapy , Duodenal Ulcer/complications , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/etiology , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/surgery , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Failure
17.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 95(10): 692-699, oct. 2003. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-136997

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: analizar la eficacia de la terapéutica endoscópica en enfermos con alto riesgo de persistencia y/o recidiva del sangrado específicamente en hemorragia digestiva alta (HDA) por úlcera duodenal y determinar los factores asociados al fracaso de esta técnica. Pacientes y método: se analizaron 336 enfermos con HDA por úlcera duodenal que requirieron terapéutica endoscópica, entre enero 1992 y diciembre 2001. Se clasificaron los enfermos en función de la respuesta al tratamiento endoscópico: a) pacientes con hemorragia limitada; y b) pacientes con persistencia y/o recidiva del sangrado por fracaso terapéutico. La pauta de actuación en los enfermos con fallo del tratamiento endoscópico se hizo en función de un protocolo previamente establecido. Las variables que alcanzaron significación estadística en el análisis univariante se incluyeron en un modelo de regresión logística para identificar aquellas con un valor predictivo independiente para el fracaso de la terapéutica endoscópica. Resultados: la edad media fue de 60 ± 17 años, 271 (81%) eran hombres. La hemorragia se presentó con afectación hemodinámica grave en 82 pacientes (24%). La localización más frecuente de la úlcera duodenal fue en cara anterosuperior de bulbo duodenal en 227 pacientes (68%). En 43 enfermos (13%) la úlcera era mayor de 2 cm. Los estigmas de sangrado encontrados en la endoscopia fueron: Forrest I, en 125 (38%) y Forrest II, 211 (62%). La hemostasia inicial se logró en 297 pacientes (88%). Requirieron cirugía urgente 22 enfermos (6,5%) y la mortalidad global de nuestra serie fue del 3%. En el análisis multivariante, las variables que se asociaron independientemente al fracaso de la terapéutica endoscópica fueron la afectación hemodinámica grave al ingreso (OR 11,8, p<0,001), el tamaño de la úlcera mayor a 2 cm (OR 6,95, p= 0,019) y la presencia de sangrado activo en la endoscopia (Forrest I) (OR 3,55, p=0,08). Conclusión: la terapéutica endoscópica es eficaz en la hemorragia digestiva alta por úlcera duodenal. Mediante una variable clínica, el estado hemodinámico y dos endoscópicas, los estigmas de sangrado y el tamaño de la úlcera, podemos seleccionar un grupo de enfermos con mayor riesgo de fracaso del tratamiento endoscópico (AU)


No disponible


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Duodenal Ulcer/therapy , Gastroscopy , Hemostatic Techniques , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/etiology , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/surgery , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/therapy , Duodenal Ulcer/complications , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Failure
18.
Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 26(4): 227-33, 2003 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12681115

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic therapy is an effective technique in the control of bleeding due to peptic ulcer. However, bleeding persists or recurs in as many as 10-30% of patients. Gastric and duodenal ulcers present different clinical and endoscopic features and consequently the efficacy of endoscopic therapy and the factors associated with its failure should be studied separately. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the efficacy of endoscopic therapy in patients at high risk of persistent or recurrent bleeding due to gastric ulcer and to identify the factors associated with the failure of this technique. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study based on a clinical intervention protocol. Two hundred eight patients admitted for bleeding secondary to gastric ulcer with active bleeding or stigmas of recent bleeding who received endoscopic therapy between January 1992 and December 2001 were analyzed. Clinical, laboratory and endoscopic variables on admission, as well as the medical treatment and endoscopic procedure applied, were registered. Endoscopy was performed within 12 hours of admission. Patients were classified according to their response to endoscopic therapy: a) patients with limited bleeding, and b) patients with persistent or recurrent bleeding due to therapeutic failure. Intervention in patients with therapeutic failure was performed according to a previously established protocol. Variables that were statistically significant in the univariate analysis were included in a logistic regression model to identify those with an independent predictive value for failure of endoscopic therapy. RESULTS: Definitive hemostasis was achieved after initial therapy in 181 patients (87%). The efficacy of a second procedure increased the percentage of hemostasis to 91% of the patients. In the logistic regression model, the only variables that were independently associated with initial therapeutic failure were: hemodynamic status on admission (p = 0.016; OR = 3.99), the need for transfusion of blood products prior to endoscopy (p = 0.025; OR = 3.48), upper localization of the gastric ulcer (p = 0.050; OR = 3.08) and unsatisfactory endoscopic therapy (p = 0.009; OR = 17.39). CONCLUSION: These variables could contribute to the early identification of a subgroup of patients, which would enable us to increase medical-surgical surveillance and offer them other therapeutic alternatives.


Subject(s)
Gastroscopy , Hemostatic Techniques , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/therapy , Stomach Ulcer/therapy , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Blood Transfusion , Combined Modality Therapy , Comorbidity , Emergencies , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Epinephrine/therapeutic use , Female , Hemodynamics , Humans , Liver Diseases, Alcoholic/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/etiology , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/surgery , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Risk , Stomach Ulcer/complications , Treatment Failure , Vasoconstrictor Agents/administration & dosage , Vasoconstrictor Agents/therapeutic use
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