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1.
Nefrologia ; 28(3): 293-300, 2008.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18590496

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: Prophylactic and pre-emptive therapy with oral valganciclovir for cytomegalovirus infection in renal transplant recipients. BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus infection is a very important health problem in solid organ transplant recipients (SOT). Once-daily valganciclovir has been shown to be as clinically effective and well tolerated as oral ganciclovir tid in the prevention of CMV infection in high risk SOT recipients. METHODS: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of CMV disease in 150 renal transplant recipients that received either prophylactic [high risk group (HR), N = 66] or pre-emptive [low risk group (LR), N = 84] therapy with oral valganciclovir (900 mg/day vo) for three months according to their basal risk. Patients were monitored for signs and symptoms of CMV disease and CMV plasma viral load was assessed weekly. RESULTS: A total of 31 patients (47%) of the HR and 26 patients (31%) of the LR presented a positive CMV PCR result. Twelve patients (14.3%) in the LR that had a high viral load (CMV PCR > 1,000 copies/mL) but remained asymptomatic received pre-emptive therapy. Four patients (4.7%) in the LR, after an average time of 35 days after transplant and two patients (4.5%) in the HR, after prophylactic treatment was completed, developed CMV disease. The disease was mild-moderate in most of the cases. Those patients that developed CMV disease responded to treatment with iv ganciclovir for 14 days followed by treatment with oral valganciclovir for up to three months. CONCLUSION: Prophylactic treatment with oral valganciclovir for CMV prevention is only required in high risk solid organ transplant recipients.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Cytomegalovirus Infections/epidemiology , Cytomegalovirus Infections/prevention & control , Ganciclovir/analogs & derivatives , Kidney Transplantation , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Adult , Ganciclovir/administration & dosage , Humans , Incidence , Risk Factors , Valganciclovir
2.
Nefrología (Madr.) ; 28(3): 293-300, mayo-jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-99072

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La enfermedad por citomegalovirus (CMV) es un problema sanitario muy importante en receptores de trasplante de órgano sólido (TOS). Una dosis diaria de valganciclovirha demostrado ser tan clínicamente efectiva y bien tolerada como ganciclovir oral dos veces al día en la prevención de la infección por CMV en los receptores de TOS de alto riesgo. Métodos: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la incidencia y severidad de la enfermedad por CMV en 150 receptores de trasplante renal que recibieron tratamiento profiláctico(grupo de alto riesgo, N = 66) o anticipado (grupo de bajo riesgo, N = 84) con valganciclovir oral (900 mg/día)durante tres meses según el riesgo basal de sufrir la misma. Se hizo un seguimiento de los síntomas clínicos de la enfermedad por CMV en los pacientes y la carga viral de CMV en plasma fue monitorizada semanalmente. Resultados: Un total de 31 pacientes (47%) del grupo de alto riesgo y 26 pacientes (31%) del grupo de riesgo estándar presentaron un resultado de PCR-CMV positivo. Doce pacientes (14,3%) del grupo de riesgo estándard que presentaron una elevada carga viral (PCR-CMV > 1.000 copias/mL) pero que permanecieron asintomáticos recibieron tratamiento anticipado. Cuatro pacientes (4,7%) del grupo de alto riesgo, en un tiempo medio de 35 días después del trasplante y dos pacientes (4,5%) del grupo de alto riesgo, tras completar el tratamiento profiláctico, desarrollaron la enfermedad por CMV, que fue de intensidad media a moderada en la mayoría de los casos. Aquellos pacientes que desarrollaron la enfermedad respondieron al tratamiento con ganciclovir ev durante 14 días seguido de valganciclovir oral hasta tres meses. Conclusión: El tratamiento profiláctico con valgancicloviroral para la prevención de CMV sólo es requerida en receptores de TOS de alto riesgo (AU)


Prophylactic and pre-emptive therapy with oral valganciclovir for cytomegalovirus infection in renal transplant recipients. Background: Cytomegalovirus infection is a very important health problem in solid organ transplant recipients (SOT). Once daily valganciclovir has been shown to be as clinically effective and well tolerated as oral ganciclovir tid in the prevention of CMV infection in high risk SOT recipients. Methods: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of CMV disease in 150 renal transplant recipients that received either prophylactic [high risk group (HR), N =66] or pre-emptive [low risk group (LR), N = 84] therapy with oral valganciclovir (900 mg/day vo) for three months according to their basal risk. Patients were monitored for signs and symptoms of CMV disease and CMV plasma viral load was assessed weekly. Results: A total of 31 patients (47%) of the HR and 26 patients(31%) of the LR presented a positive CMV PCR result. Twelve patients(14.3%) in the LR that had a high viral load (CMV PCR >1,000 copies/mL) but remained asymptomatic received pre-emptive therapy. Four patients (4.7%) in the LR, after an average time of 35 days after transplant and two patients (4.5%) in the HR, after prophylactic treatment was completed, developed CMV disease. The disease was mild-moderate in most of the cases. Those patients that developed CMV disease responded to treatment with iv ganciclovir for 14 days followed by treatment with oral valganciclovir for up to three months. Conclusion: Prophylactic treatment with oral valganciclovir for CMV prevention is only required in high risk solid organ transplant recipients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Cytomegalovirus Infections/prevention & control , Kidney Transplantation , Cytomegalovirus/pathogenicity , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Risk Factors , Viral Load
3.
Transplant Proc ; 35(5): 1767-8, 2003 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12962788

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this work was to determine the necessity for rhuEPO for 50 kidney transplant patients with stable graft function. We analyzed the red cell series, blood pressure, renal function, anthropometric data of the donor and recipient, proteinuria, and relationship with other factors, including immunosuppressants, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB). The patients were divided into three groups depending on renal function: group A (with plasma creatinine <150 micromol/L), group B (151-250 micromol/L), and group C (>250 micromol/L). All patients were studied for 1 year. Erythropoietin use did not affect renal function, proteinuria or number of antihypertensive drugs group. The degree of renal dysfunction determined the time necessary to reach an adequate hemoglobin level (>12 g/L) and and the mean dose of weekly rhuEPO needed. The use of ACE inhibitors or ARBs increased the rhuEPO requirements in each group.


Subject(s)
Erythropoietin/therapeutic use , Kidney Transplantation/physiology , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Creatinine/blood , Erythrocyte Count , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Proteinuria , Recombinant Proteins , Time Factors
4.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 21(1): 30-32, ene. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-10567

ABSTRACT

En la década de los 90 se han aceptado progresivamente donantes cadáver de riñón añoso (edad superiora 60 años) con los que se han obtenido resultados dispares Los grupos de trasplante han optado por distintas estrategias respecto a la utilización de estos injertos. Unos preconizan el trasplante renal doble a fin de aumentar la masa renal transferida al receptor. Nosotros optamos por practicar el trasplante único basándonos en la optimización de todo el proceso del trasplante. mantenimiento del donante, extracción e implante del órgano. Los resultados obtenidos son iguales o mejores que los conseguidos con el trasplante doble. Esto nos ha permitido incluso emplear este tipo de donante con receptores jóvenes (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Tissue Donors/supply & distribution , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Graft Survival , Cadaver
5.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 21(1): 34-38, ene. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-10568

ABSTRACT

El constante aumento en la edad de los receptores de trasplante renal lleva implícito un cambio en los protocolos de inmunosupresión habituales. Las tendencias actuales contemplan la retirada de esteroides, la introducción tardía de los fármacos anticalcineurínicos y el uso concomitante de antiproliferativos de última generación. El objetivo es disminuir al máximo los episodios de rechazo agudo sin aumentar las complicaciones infecciosas o neoplásicas asociadas a los inmunosupresores (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Immunosuppression Therapy/methods , Graft Survival , Immunocompetence , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Immunosuppression Therapy/adverse effects , Graft Rejection/drug therapy , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/pharmacology , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects , Cyclosporine/pharmacology , Cyclosporine/adverse effects , Mycophenolic Acid/pharmacology , Sirolimus/pharmacology , Sirolimus/adverse effects , Antilymphocyte Serum/therapeutic use , Graft vs Host Reaction
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