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1.
Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba ; 80(2): 126-133, 2023 06 30.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37402295

ABSTRACT

Background: Patients with breast cancer may experience cognitive difficulties from  chemotherapy. This alteration is called Chemoinduced Cognitive Impairment, also known as Chemobrain or Chemofog. Objective: To identify the cognitive profile and the characteristics of the neuropsychological assessment in this population. Method: PubMed, SpringerLink and SciELO databases were revised. Articles from 1994 to September 2021 were selected. Keywords related to the study topic were used. Results: Chemotherapy can cause cognitive impairment between 15 and 50% of women. This disturbance may be from multiple aetiologies and can be associated with biological factors and functional and/or structural changes of the CNS. Sociodemographic, clinical and psychological factors should be considered as modulating variables. It manifests mainly with memory problems, executive function, attention and processing speed impairment. It can be measured through neuropsychological evaluation instruments. Discussion and conclusion: We suggest that chemo-induced cognitive impairment should be included to the informed consent. Further development of longitudinal studies complemented with neuroimages that allow us to advance in the knowledge of this problem is recommended. A neuropsychological protocol is proposed, which includes screening tests, clinical scales, specific cognitive tests and quality of life questionnaires, within the recommendations of the International Cognition and Cancer Task Force.


ANTECEDENTES: Los pacientes con cáncer de mama pueden experimentar dificultades cognitivas por recibir quimioterapia. Dicha alteración es denominada Deterioro Cognitivo Quimioinducido, también es conocida como Chemobrain o Chemofog. OBJETIVO: Identificar el perfil cognitivo y las características de la evaluación neuropsicológica de esta población. Método: Se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, SpringerLink y SciELO. Se seleccionaron artículos de 1994 hasta septiembre de 2021. Fueron utilizadas palabras claves relacionadas con el tema de estudio. RESULTADOS: La quimioterapia puede producir un deterioro cognitivo entre el 15 y el 50% de las mujeres. Dicha alteración es de etiología múltiple y puede asociarse a factores biológicos y a cambios funcionales y/o estructurales del SNC. Se deben de considerar los factores sociodemográficos, clínicos y psicológicos como variables moduladoras. Se manifiesta principalmente en problemas de memoria, función ejecutiva, atención y velocidad de procesamiento. Esta alteración puede ser mensurada a través de los instrumentos de evaluación neuropsicológica disponibles. Discusión y conclusión: Se sugiere que la afectación cognitiva quimioinducida sea incorporada en el consentimiento informado. Se recomienda un mayor desarrollo de estudios longitudinales que se complementen con técnicas de neuroimágenes que permitan avanzar en el conocimiento de esta problemática. Se propone un protocolo de evaluación neuropsicológica, que incluye pruebas de screening, escalas clínicas, test neuropsicológicos específicos y de calidad de vida, según las recomendaciones del International Cognition and Cancer Task Force.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Cognition Disorders , Cognitive Dysfunction , Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Quality of Life/psychology , Cognitive Dysfunction/chemically induced , Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology , Cognition Disorders/chemically induced , Cognition Disorders/complications , Cognition Disorders/psychology , Cognition
2.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 70(1): 12-18, 1 ene., 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-187123

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El desarrollo madurativo del niño es un aspecto esencial en el control periódico de la salud. El pediatra realiza una valoración integral del desarrollo, reconociendo factores de riesgo, e investiga sus alteraciones de forma sistemática, para intervenir en forma temprana y oportuna. Objetivo: Valorar la evolución con la detección e intervención temprana y sistemática mediante el control de la salud. Sujetos y métodos. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo que incluyó a 415 niños de 0 a 60 meses. Se completó el seguimiento longitudinal de 188 niños en los que se habían encontrado una o más áreas del neurodesarrollo afectadas. Se analizaron las derivaciones realizadas, la adhesión a las indicaciones médicas y la evolución clínica, y se repitió trimestralmente durante un año la misma prueba de detección con el Ages and Stages Questionnaire, tercera edición (ASQ-3). Resultados: Del total de la muestra inicial se encontró a 188 niños en riesgo (45%), de los cuales sólo 24 (7%) persistieron con el trastorno del neurodesarrollo en la muestra final. La comunicación resultó ser el área más afectada, tanto en la primera como en la segunda prueba. Se encontró a su vez una mayor prevalencia de adversidad socioambiental en los pacientes que presentaban retraso en la adquisición de una o más pautas madurativas y menor recuperación con las indicaciones de estimulación temprana. Conclusión: La detección y la intervención temprana en el neurodesarrollo permiten la mejoría en el 83% de los niños en el ámbito del control de salud desde la prevención


Introduction: A child's maturational development is an essential aspect in periodic health check-ups. The paediatrician carries out a comprehensive assessment of the child’s development, identifying risk factors and systematically investigates any alterations so as to be able to intervene in an early and timely manner. Aim. To assess development with early and systematic detection and intervention by means of health check-ups. Subjects and methods: A prospective study involving 415 children aged 0-60 months was conducted. A longitudinal follow-up was completed for 188 children in whom one or more areas of neurodevelopment had been found to be affected. Referrals, adherence to medical indications and clinical progress were analysed, and the same screening test was repeated one year later with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, third edition (ASQ-3). Results: Of the total initial sample, 188 children were found to be at risk (45%), of whom only 24 (7%) continued with the neurodevelopmental disorder in the final sample. Communication proved to be the most affected area in both the first and the second tests. A higher prevalence of socio-environmental adversity was also found in patients who presented delayed acquisition of one or more maturational patterns and less recovery with early stimulation indications. Conclusion: Early detection and intervention in neurodevelopment allows 83% of children to undergo improvements in the field of prevention-based health monitoring


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/epidemiology , Child Development/physiology , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Health Surveillance/trends , Early Diagnosis , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Risk Factors
3.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(1): 7-13, feb. 2018. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-887420

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La evaluación sistemática del desarrollo infantil durante los primeros años de vida es un componente esencial en el control de salud pediátrico. El Cuestionario de Edades y Etapas, tercera edición (Ages and Stages Questionnarie; ASQ-3, por sus siglas en inglés), es la escala con más estudios de validación y recomendada por el Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF) para verificar que el neurodesarrollo de los niños sea normal. Es una herramienta de monitoreo que evalúa las principales áreas de desarrollo, como comunicación, motricidad gruesa, fina, socioindividual y de resolución de problemas, que permite la comparación de la población local con los estándares internacionales de desarrollo. Objetivo. Realizar la validación del ASQ-3 en un grupo de población infantil. Métodos. Se evaluaron niños en un hospital público de 1 a 66 meses de edad, por profesionales de la salud pediatras, psicólogos y psicopedagogas. Se utilizó el paquete SSPS para la determinación de los baremos de la población. Resultados. En la muestra de 630 niños, con una distribución homogénea por sexos, se establecieron una sensibilidad del 88%, especificidad del 94%, como valores predictivos positivos del 88% y negativos del 96%, comparados con la Prueba Nacional de Pesquisa (PRUNAPE) y los puntajes de corte para cada edad. Conclusión. El ASQ-3 pudo discriminar que el 19,5% de los niños estaban en riesgo de sufrir trastornos del neurodesarrollo. Cumplió con las propiedades psicométricas comparado con el estándar de oro PRUNAPE para la evaluación dirigida y sistemática de hitos madurativos en el control de salud, de manera rápida, sencilla y económica, por lo que resultó una herramienta útil en el monitoreo del neurodesarrollo infantil.


Introduction. The systematic assessment of child development in the first years of life is an essential component of pediatric health checkups. The Ages and Stages Questionnaire, third edition (ASQ-3) is the most validated scale, and has been recommended by the UNICEF to verify if children have a normal neurological development. It is a monitoring instrument to assess the main developmental areas, including communication, gross motor, fine motor, personal-social, and problem solving skills, and to compare the local population to the international development standards. Objective. To validate the ASQ-3 in a pediatric population group. Methods. Children aged 1-66 months were assessed at a public hospital by pediatricians, psychologists, and educational psychologists. The SSPS software package was used to determine population scales. Results. In 630 children, who had a homogeneous sex distribution, an 88% sensibility and a 94% specificity were determined, with a positive predictive value of 88% and a negative predictive value of 96%, compared to the National Screening Test (Prueba Nacional de Pesquisa, PRUNAPE) and the cut-off scores for each age group. Conclusion. The ASQ-3 established that 19.5% of children were at risk of experiencing neurodevelopmental disorders. The ASQ-3 met psychometric properties compared to the PRUNAPE, which is the gold standard for the targeted and systematic assessment of developmental milestones during health checkups in a rapid, simple and cost-effective manner, so it was considered useful to monitor child neurological development.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Surveys and Questionnaires , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/diagnosis , Argentina , Age Factors , Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological
4.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 116(1): 7-13, 2018 Feb 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29333806

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The systematic assessment of child development in the first years of life is an essential component of pediatric health checkups. The Ages and Stages Questionnaire, third edition (ASQ-3) is the most validated scale, and has been recommended by the UNICEF to verify if children have a normal neurological development. It is a monitoring instrument to assess the main developmental areas, including communication, gross motor, fine motor, personal-social, and problem solving skills, and to compare the local population to the international development standards. OBJECTIVE: To validate the ASQ-3 in a pediatric population group. METHODS: Children aged 1-66 months were assessed at a public hospital by pediatricians, psychologists, and educational psychologists. The SSPS software package was used to determine population scales. RESULTS: In 630 children, who had a homogeneous sex distribution, an 88% sensibility and a 94% specificity were determined, with a positive predictive value of 88% and a negative predictive value of 96%, compared to the National Screening Test (Prueba Nacional de Pesquisa, PRUNAPE) and the cut-off scores for each age group. CONCLUSION: The ASQ-3 established that 19.5% of children were at risk of experiencing neurodevelopmental disorders. The ASQ-3 met psychometric properties compared to the PRUNAPE, which is the gold standard for the targeted and systematic assessment of developmental milestones during health checkups in a rapid, simple and cost-effective manner, so it was considered useful to monitor child neurological development.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La evaluación sistemática del desarrollo infantil durante los primeros años de vida es un componente esencial en el control de salud pediátrico. El Cuestionario de Edades y Etapas, tercera edición (Ages and Stages Questionnarie; ASQ-3, por sus siglas en inglés), es la escala con más estudios de validación y recomendada por el Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF) para verificar que el neurodesarrollo de los niños sea normal. Es una herramienta de monitoreo que evalúa las principales áreas de desarrollo, como comunicación, motricidad gruesa, fina, socioindividual y de resolución de problemas, que permite la comparación de la población local con los estándares internacionales de desarrollo. OBJETIVO: Realizar la validación del ASQ-3 en un grupo de población infantil. MÉTODOS: Se evaluaron niños en un hospital público de 1 a 66 meses de edad, por profesionales de la salud pediatras, psicólogos y psicopedagogas. Se utilizó el paquete SSPS para la determinación de los baremos de la población. RESULTADOS: En la muestra de 630 niños, con una distribución homogénea por sexos, se establecieron una sensibilidad del 88%, especificidad del 94%, como valores predictivos positivos del 88% y negativos del 96%, comparados con la Prueba Nacional de Pesquisa (PRUNAPE) y los puntajes de corte para cada edad. CONCLUSIÓN: El ASQ-3 pudo discriminar que el 19,5% de los niños estaban en riesgo de sufrir trastornos del neurodesarrollo. Cumplió con las propiedades psicométricas comparado con el estándar de oro PRUNAPE para la evaluación dirigida y sistemática de hitos madurativos en el control de salud, de manera rápida, sencilla y económica, por lo que resultó una herramienta útil en el monitoreo del neurodesarrollo infantil.


Subject(s)
Neurodevelopmental Disorders/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires , Age Factors , Argentina , Child, Preschool , Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological , Female , Humans , Infant , Male
5.
Psychiatry Res ; 229(1-2): 580-2, 2015 Sep 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26239769

ABSTRACT

ASD might be associated with alterations in excitation/inhibition ratio and GABA(A) has been implicated since it mediates synaptic inhibition. Polymorphisms in GABA receptor (GABAR) were studied: significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies observed between cases and controls (rs1912960, GABRA4). Haplotype analysis: rs1912960 (GABRA4) and rs211037 (GABRG2) overrepresented in cases. Rs1912960 has been associated with ASD and rs211037 with epilepsy. GABRA4 is associated with autism in the Argentinean dataset independently or in combination with GABRG2.


Subject(s)
Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis , Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics , Genetic Association Studies/methods , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Receptors, GABA-A/genetics , Argentina/epidemiology , Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Female , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Haplotypes/genetics , Humans , Male , Protein Subunits/genetics
6.
J Child Neurol ; 29(2): 194-202, 2014 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24272522

ABSTRACT

We studied behavior in a group of children with specific language impairment in its 2 subtypes (expressive and mixed receptive/expressive). After exclusion of other psychiatric conditions, we evaluated 114 children of ages 2 to 7 years using language developmental tests and behavioral screening scales. Behavior problems appeared in 54% of the children. Withdrawn was the most frequently found syndrome in preschool children, whereas anxious/depressed and social problems were the most frequent in older children. The high frequency of behavioral syndromes in children with specific language impairment is remarkable and requires the awareness of primary attendants and specialists. Anxiety, depression, social isolation, and aggressive and rule-breaking behavior can obscure identification of the language impairment. Taking into account this relationship would improve the chances of a timely and appropriate intervention.


Subject(s)
Child Behavior Disorders/complications , Language Development Disorders/complications , Age Factors , Child , Child Behavior Disorders/epidemiology , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Intelligence Tests , Language Development Disorders/epidemiology , Language Tests , Male , Prevalence , Psychological Tests
7.
Autism Res ; 7(1): 162-6, 2014 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24249596

ABSTRACT

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be conceptualized as a genetic dysfunction that disrupts development and function of brain circuits mediating social cognition and language. At least some forms of ASD may be associated with high level of excitation in neural circuits, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been implicated in its etiology. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) located within the GABA receptor (GABAR) subunit genes GABRA1, GABRG2, GABRB3, and GABRD were screened. A hundred and thirty-six Argentinean ASD patients and 150 controls were studied, and the contribution of the SNPs in the etiology of ASD was evaluated independently and/or through gene-gene interaction using multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. From the 18 SNP studied, 11 were not present in our Argentinean population (patients and controls) and 1 SNP had minor allele frequency < 0.1%. For the remaining six SNPs, none provided statistical significant association with ASD when considering allelic or genotypic frequencies. Non-significant association with ASD was found for the haplotype analysis. MDR identified evidence for synergy between markers in GABRB3 (chromosome 15) and GABRD (chromosome 1), suggesting potential gene-gene interaction across chromosomes associated with increased risk for autism (testing balanced accuracy: 0.6081 and cross-validation consistency: 10/10, P < 0.001). Considering our Argentinean ASD sample, it can be inferred that GABRB3 would be involved in the etiology of autism through interaction with GABRD. These results support the hypothesis that GABAR subunit genes are involved in autism, most likely via complex gene-gene interactions.


Subject(s)
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/genetics , Genetic Markers/genetics , Genetics, Population , Protein Subunits/genetics , Receptors, GABA-A/genetics , Child , Epistasis, Genetic/genetics , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Haplotypes , Humans , Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Reference Values
8.
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 29(5): 344-9, 2011 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21709939

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Assess the usefulness of the SNAP-IV scale as an instrument for detecting attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Argentine children aged 4 to 14 years. METHODS: The SNAP-IV scale was adapted and administered to a group of 1 230 schoolchildren in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The diagnosis was determined with the clinical control, based on the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition. The sensitivity and specificity, as well as the cut-off scores for the SNAP-IV scale in the population studied, were determined. RESULTS: The score on the SNAP-IV scale with the best correlation between sensitivity and specificity was established in order to determine the true positive cases that in fact had a clinical diagnosis. The cut-off scores obtained were: 1.66 (15/27 points) for the attention deficit subscale and 1.77 (16/27 points) for hyperactivity/impulsivity in the population studied. CONCLUSIONS: The SNAP-IV scale for detection of ADHD is considered to be valid in the population studied as long as the cut-off scores are modified to obtain the best sensitivity/specificity ratio based on the cultural and socioeconomic features of the population.


Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Psychological Tests , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adolescent , Argentina , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male
9.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 29(5): 344-349, May 2011. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-591437

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Valorar la utilidad de la escala SNAP IV como instrumento de detección de trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) en niños argentinos de 4 a 14 años de edad. MÉTODOS: Se adaptó y se administró la escala SNAP IV a un grupo de 1 230 escolares de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se determinó el diagnóstico con el control clínico de acuerdo a los criterios del Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales, 4.ª edición. Se determinaron la sensibilidad y especificidad así como los puntajes de corte para la escala SNAP IV en la población estudiada. RESULTADOS: Se estableció el puntaje en la escala SNAP IV que tuviera la mejor correlación entre sensibilidad y especificidad para determinar los casos verdaderos positivos que realmente tuvieran un diagnóstico clínico. Los puntajes de corte obtenidos fueron: un índice de 1,66 (15/27 puntos) para la subescala déficit de atención y de 1,77 (16/27 puntos) para hiperactividadimpulsividad en la población estudiada. CONCLUSIONES: La escala SNAP IV para detección de TDAH se considera válida en el caso de la población estudiada, siempre y cuando se modifiquen los puntajes de corte para obtener la mejor relación sensibilidad/especificidad, con base en las particularidades culturales y socioeconómicas de dicha población.


OBJECTIVE: Assess the usefulness of the SNAP-IV scale as an instrument for detecting attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Argentine children aged 4 to 14 years. METHODS: The SNAP-IV scale was adapted and administered to a group of 1 230 schoolchildren in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The diagnosis was determined with the clinical control, based on the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition. The sensitivity and specificity, as well as the cut-off scores for the SNAP-IV scale in the population studied, were determined. RESULTS: The score on the SNAP-IV scale with the best correlation between sensitivity and specificity was established in order to determine the true positive cases that in fact had a clinical diagnosis. The cut-off scores obtained were: 1.66 (15/27 points) for the attention deficit subscale and 1.77 (16/27 points) for hyperactivity/impulsivity in the population studied. CONCLUSIONS: The SNAP-IV scale for detection of ADHD is considered to be valid in the population studied as long as the cut-off scores are modified to obtain the best sensitivity/specificity ratio based on the cultural and socioeconomic features of the population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Psychological Tests , Surveys and Questionnaires , Argentina
11.
Vertex ; 21(91): 245-9, 2010.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21188302

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To describe behavioral descompensation in adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). METHODS: We analyzed in a prospective study the stories of 11 children and adolescents with ASD, their demographic characteristics, initial symptoms of descompensation at pubertal or adolescence stages, interventions developed and evolution with them. RESULTS: We studied the clinical stories of eleven patients, 8 men and 3 women, who consulted with behavioral descompensation periods at a mean age of 13 years (range 10- 16 years). They presented with hyperactivity/agitation (6), injuries and aggression against others or themselves (6), irritability/ emotional labiality (6), inappropriate shouting (6), inflexibility/ rituals (4) and catatonia (2). Almost all patients had received psychiatric medication before descompensation, except patients with catatonia. Four of 11 presented two episodes and seven patients only one episode during a period of 2.7 years of follow-up (range 1- 6 years). Eight of 11 patients recovered with psychological and pharmacological (a medium of 2 drugs) interventions in a mean time of 4 months. Both patients with catatonia didn't recovered, and one more patient didn't improved with pharmacological treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Behavioral descompensations are very frequent complications in patients with autism at puberty or adolescence stages. Most of them recover with very close combined interventions and familial support.


Subject(s)
Autistic Disorder , Puberty , Adolescent , Autistic Disorder/diagnosis , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Autistic Disorder/psychology , Autistic Disorder/therapy , Catatonia/diagnosis , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
12.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 103(1): 14-22, feb. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-417138

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Durante una visita médica a San Andrés de los Cobres, Salta, hallamos que los datos de mortalidad infantil en el área, mostraban una incidencia elevada de muerte inesperada del lactante posneonatal, con un promedio de 13 casos por mil por año entre 1996 y el 2001, sin estudios diagnósticos postmorten. Debido a que la altura es un factor de riesgo para el síndrome de muerte súbita del lactante y que por lo menos el 20 por ciento de los casos de muerte inesperada se pueden atribuir a éste. nos propusimos evaluar los eventos respiratorios durante el sueño en lactantes nativos y residentes, en relación a su exposición crónica a hipoxia hipobárica.Población, materiales y métodos. Diseño:Estudio de corte transversal, descriptivo y obsevacional de los eventos respiratorios durante el sueño a una altura de 3.775 m sobre el nível del mar, de 12 lactantes sanos, reclutados en forma voluntaria en la población urbana del lugar, que constituyeron una muestra de tipo no probabilística, por medio de estudios poligráficos de sueño y oximetría de pulsoResultado. En todos los lactantes hubo descensos significativos de la SaO2 durante el sueño, tanto en apneas centrales, obstructivas y de respiración periódica, hasta valores promedio de 67 por ciento. No observamos cambios en la frecuencia cardíaca durante los episodios de máxima hipoxemia respecto de los valores en sueño en el trazado polisomnográfico.Conclusión. todos los estudios fueron diferentes a los estándares de sueño en lactantes a nivel del mar. Hubo un aumento en el número de despertares respecto del considerado normal en el llano, pero no en la magnitud que hubiera sido esperable en pacientes con hipoxia hipobárica crónica. Encontramos una escasa variabilidad en la respuesta autonómica cardíaca en los episodios de mayor hipoxemia durante el sueño


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Hypoxia , Polysomnography , Respiratory Insufficiency , Sleep Apnea Syndromes , Sleep Wake Disorders , Pediatrics
13.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 103(1): 14-22, feb. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-1051

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Durante una visita médica a San Andrés de los Cobres, Salta, hallamos que los datos de mortalidad infantil en el área, mostraban una incidencia elevada de muerte inesperada del lactante posneonatal, con un promedio de 13 casos por mil por año entre 1996 y el 2001, sin estudios diagnósticos postmorten. Debido a que la altura es un factor de riesgo para el síndrome de muerte súbita del lactante y que por lo menos el 20 por ciento de los casos de muerte inesperada se pueden atribuir a éste. nos propusimos evaluar los eventos respiratorios durante el sueño en lactantes nativos y residentes, en relación a su exposición crónica a hipoxia hipobárica.Población, materiales y métodos. Diseño:Estudio de corte transversal, descriptivo y obsevacional de los eventos respiratorios durante el sueño a una altura de 3.775 m sobre el nível del mar, de 12 lactantes sanos, reclutados en forma voluntaria en la población urbana del lugar, que constituyeron una muestra de tipo no probabilística, por medio de estudios poligráficos de sueño y oximetría de pulsoResultado. En todos los lactantes hubo descensos significativos de la SaO2 durante el sueño, tanto en apneas centrales, obstructivas y de respiración periódica, hasta valores promedio de 67 por ciento. No observamos cambios en la frecuencia cardíaca durante los episodios de máxima hipoxemia respecto de los valores en sueño en el trazado polisomnográfico.Conclusión. todos los estudios fueron diferentes a los estándares de sueño en lactantes a nivel del mar. Hubo un aumento en el número de despertares respecto del considerado normal en el llano, pero no en la magnitud que hubiera sido esperable en pacientes con hipoxia hipobárica crónica. Encontramos una escasa variabilidad en la respuesta autonómica cardíaca en los episodios de mayor hipoxemia durante el sueño


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Sleep Apnea Syndromes , Sleep Wake Disorders , Polysomnography , Respiratory Insufficiency , Hypoxia , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pediatrics
14.
Pediatr Neurol ; 30(1): 24-8, 2004 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14738945

ABSTRACT

Our aim is to report the association between idiopathic occipital epilepsy and childhood absence epilepsy in the same children. Six children met the diagnostic criteria for both idiopathic occipital epilepsy and childhood absence epilepsy, five patients with idiopathic occipital epilepsy Gastaut type and another with Panayiotopoulos type. All patients were monitored for 2 to 10 years with repeated electroencephalograms when awake and during sleep. Age at onset of seizures ranged from 4.6 to 8 years. Five patients had focal sensory visual seizures, all with migraine-like episodes. One patient presented ictal vomiting followed by oculocephalic deviation. All patients presented typical absences, with onset at least 1 year after having had idiopathic occipital epilepsy Gastaut type in three patients. In the other two patients with idiopathic occipital epilepsy Gastaut type and the patient with idiopathic occipital epilepsy Panayiotopoulos type, both types of epilepsy appeared at the same time. The electroencephalograms documented occipital paroxysms in all cases, with positive reactivity to the eye closure in five patients. All children presented spike-wave discharges at 3 cycles per second activated by hyperventilation. More genetic information would be necessary to demonstrate either a close genetic relationship between these syndromes or common markers with variable phenotypes.


Subject(s)
Epilepsies, Partial/complications , Epilepsies, Partial/physiopathology , Epilepsy, Absence/complications , Epilepsy, Absence/physiopathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Follow-Up Studies , Humans
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