ABSTRACT
The effect of ceftizoxime, a new aminothiazolil-syn-methoxy-iminocephalosporin has been evaluated on 169 strains of Gram negative bacilli isolated from hospitalized patients and compared with that of cefotaxime and of ceftriaxone. The effect of these 3 cephalosporins and of cefalotin was also evaluated on 50 strains of staphylococcus. CIM50 of ceftizoximel was as follows: K. pneumoniae less than .032, aureus and S. epidermidis less than .2 CIM90 for the same species was: K. pneumoniae less than .25, E. coli less than .63, E. Cloacae and S. marcescens less than 8, S. aureus less than 32, S. epidermidis less than 16. The values obtained with cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were similar. Cefalotin was clearly more active on staphylococcus strains with CIM50 and CIM90 for both species of less than .25 and less than .2 respectively.
Subject(s)
Ceftizoxime/pharmacology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Staphylococcus/drug effects , Cefotaxime/pharmacology , Ceftriaxone/pharmacology , Cephalothin/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Humans , In Vitro TechniquesABSTRACT
The activity of cefpirome (HR 810) was evaluated against 247 strains isolated from patients developing their infections while in a hospital in Buenos Aires. Its activity against Gram negative bacilli was compared with ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cephalotin, piperacillin, amikacin, gentamicin and norfloxacin. In terms of MIC50 and MIC90 (mg/l) it was as follows: Klebsiella pneumoniae: less than 0.125, less than 2.0; Pseudomonas aeruginosa: less than 8, less than 16; Escherichia coli: less than 0.016, less than 0.063; Serratia marcescens: less than 0.063, less than 1.0; Enterobacter cloacae: less than 0.125, less than 1.0. Cefpirome was more active than the other cephalosporins against P. aeruginosa: at 16 mg/l, this drug inhibited 95% of strains versus 60% for ceftazidime and 32% for ceftriaxone. Activity of norfloxacine against Gram negative bacilli was similar to cefpirome, while piperacillin and the aminoglycosides were less active. Cefpirome was more active than cepahallotin against Streptococcus faecalis (2.0, 32) although less active than ampicillin, piperacillin, rifampicin and vancomycin. Against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (less than 0.25, less than 1.0) it was more active than cephalotin and the other drugs evaluated (piperacillin, erythromycin, chloranphenicol, aminogycosides). Like cephalotin, the activity of cefpirome against methicillin-resistant strains was variable (1.0, 32).
Subject(s)
Cephalosporins/pharmacology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , CefpiromeABSTRACT
The effect of ceftizoxime, a new aminothiazolil-syn-methoxy-iminocephalosporin has been evaluated on 169 strains of Gram negative bacilli isolated from hospitalized patients and compared with that of cefotaxime and of ceftriaxone. The effect of these 3 cephalosporins and of cefalotin was also evaluated on 50 strains of staphylococcus. CIM50 of ceftizoximel was as follows: K. pneumoniae less than .032, aureus and S. epidermidis less than .2 CIM90 for the same species was: K. pneumoniae less than .25, E. coli less than .63, E. Cloacae and S. marcescens less than 8, S. aureus less than 32, S. epidermidis less than 16. The values obtained with cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were similar. Cefalotin was clearly more active on staphylococcus strains with CIM50 and CIM90 for both species of less than .25 and less than .2 respectively.
ABSTRACT
The activity of cefpirome (HR 810) was evaluated against 247 strains isolated from patients developing their infections while in a hospital in Buenos Aires. Its activity against Gram negative bacilli was compared with ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cephalotin, piperacillin, amikacin, gentamicin and norfloxacin. In terms of MIC50 and MIC90 (mg/l) it was as follows: Klebsiella pneumoniae: less than 0.125, less than 2.0; Pseudomonas aeruginosa: less than 8, less than 16; Escherichia coli: less than 0.016, less than 0.063; Serratia marcescens: less than 0.063, less than 1.0; Enterobacter cloacae: less than 0.125, less than 1.0. Cefpirome was more active than the other cephalosporins against P. aeruginosa: at 16 mg/l, this drug inhibited 95
of strains versus 60
for ceftazidime and 32
for ceftriaxone. Activity of norfloxacine against Gram negative bacilli was similar to cefpirome, while piperacillin and the aminoglycosides were less active. Cefpirome was more active than cepahallotin against Streptococcus faecalis (2.0, 32) although less active than ampicillin, piperacillin, rifampicin and vancomycin. Against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (less than 0.25, less than 1.0) it was more active than cephalotin and the other drugs evaluated (piperacillin, erythromycin, chloranphenicol, aminogycosides). Like cephalotin, the activity of cefpirome against methicillin-resistant strains was variable (1.0, 32).
ABSTRACT
The sensitivity of microorganisms to antimicrobial preparations is determined--using agar as the test medium--by means of a semi-quantitative method involving two concentrations, i.e. a low concentration relating to serum levels easily attained at the commonly used dosage level of the various antibacterially acting preparations, and a high concentration corresponding to serum levels attainable at increased dosage via the appropriate route of administration. The inoculum is distributed with a multi-inoculator making a simultaneous inoculation of 25 strains possible. For 25 antibiograms with 20 antibiotics 40 Petri dishes are required, inoculation take 15 min. The method described is suited above all for laboratories with large workload where a great number of resistance determinations must be carried out rapidly, precisely at a low cost.
