Preservación alveolar con colgajo vs sin colgajo. Revisión bibliográfica / Socket preservation with flap versus flapless. A literature review

Introducción: La extracción dentaria desencadena una serie de cambios di mensionales en la altura y anchura de la cresta alveolar que se traducen en la pérdida de tejidos blandos y duros, afec tando de forma directa a la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Por ello, se han estudiado diferentes técnicas para la pre servación de la cresta alveolar (PCA) tras las extracciones, con el fin de optimizar los resultados funcionales y estéticos de la futura rehabilitación prostodóncica. El objetivo fue evaluar los resultados de la PCA utilizando un enfoque con colgajo en comparación con un enfoque sin colgajo en términos de cambios óseos en anchu ra y altura. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en tres bases de datos The National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE/PubMed), Scielo y Cochrane Library. Se incluyeron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados en humanos que compara ran la PCA con colgajo y sin colgajo, en los que se analizaran pacientes sanos, mayores de edad, sin hábitos nocivos, en los que era necesaria la exodoncia de un diente mandibular o maxilar. Resultados: Se incluyeron 5 ensayos clí nicos de los últimos 15 años en los que se realizó un total de 74 procedimientos quirúrgicos de PCA con colgajo y 77 sin colgajo en 138 pacientes entre 18 y 75 años, cuyo género sólo se describió en 3 estudios. Los cambios óseos en anchu ra al realizar una PCA con colgajo varían entre –4,18 mm y 3 mm, mientras que al realizar una PCA sin colgajo los cambios son entre 1,74 mm y 3,42 mm. Por otro lado, los cambios óseos en altura al realizar una PCA con colgajo varían entre –0,99 mm y 0,8 mm, mientras que al realizar una PCA sin colgajo los cambios son entre 0,3 mm y 1,42 mm (AU)

Introduction: Tooth extraction triggers a series of dimensional changes in the height and width of the alveolar ridge, which result in the loss of soft and hard tissues, directly affecting patients’ quality of life. Therefore, different techniques for the preservation of the alveolar ridge (PCA) after extractions have been studied in order to optimize the functional and esthetic results of future prosthodontic rehabilitation. The aim was to evaluate the results of PCA using a flap approach compared to a flapless approach in terms of bone changes in width and height. Material and Methods: A literature search was performed in three databases The National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE/ PubMed), Scielo and Cochrane Library. Randomized human clinical trials comparing flap and flapless PCA were included in which healthy patients, over the age of majority, without harmful habits, who needed to have a mandibular or maxillary tooth extraction, were analyzed. Results: A total of 5 clinical trials from the last 15 years were included in which a total of 74 flap and 77 flapless PCA surgical procedures were performed in 138 patients between 18 and 75 years of age and whose gender was only described in 3 studies. Bone changes in width when performing a flapless PCA varied between –4.18 mm and 3 mm, while when performing a flapless PCA the changes were between 1.74 mm and 3.42 mm. On the other hand, bone changes in height when performing a PCA with flap vary between –0.99 mm and 0.8 mm, while when performing a PCA without flap the changes are between 0.3 mm and 1.42 mm (AU)

Relación entre los anticonceptivos orales y la incidencia de alveolitis. Revisión bibliográfica / Relationship between oral contraceptives and alveolitis incidence. A literature review

Introducción: La alveolitis es una complicación tras una exodoncia dental quecursa con dolor intenso, trismo y mal olor.Esta complicación se relaciona con el hábito tabáquico, la higiene oral, no seguirlas normas post extracción o la edad yel género del paciente. Otras causas potenciales que podrían desencadenar esteproceso son el ciclo menstrual en el casode las pacientes de género femenino o eltratamiento con anticonceptivos orales. Elobjetivo de esta revisión es comparar, según la literatura, la incidencia de alveolitisen mujeres en tratamiento con anticonceptivos orales respecto a las que no lostoman y respecto a los hombres.Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, GoogleScholar y Scopus y se incluyeron artículos en inglés y en español relacionadoscon el tema a tratar. Las palabras claveutilizadas fueron: “alveolar osteitis” OR “fibrinolytic alveolitis” OR “localized osteomyelitis” OR “delayed extraction woundhealing” AND “contraceptives” OR “OC”OR “contraceptive pill”. Se incluyeron estudios sobre exodoncias en pacientes entratamiento con anticonceptivos o sin anticonceptivos o varones, según los gruposde control que se han propuesto estudiar,que registrasen casos de alveolitis.Resultados: Se observó una mayor incidencia media de alveolitis post extracciónen las pacientes en tratamiento con anticonceptivos (18,52%), respecto a otraspacientes que no lo estaban (6,78%) yrespecto a la población de género masculino (6,4%)...(AU)

Introduction: Alveolitis is a complicationafter dental extraction which courses withintense pain, trismus, and halitosis. This complication is associated with smoking,oral hygiene, not following post-extraction rules or the age and gender of the patient. However, other potential causes could trigger this process, such as the menstrual cycle in the case of female patients or the fact that they are under treatment with oral contraceptives. The objective of this review was to compare the incidence of alveolitis among patients treated with oral contraceptives with those who do not take them. Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in the databases PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Scopus and articles in English and Spanish related to the topic were included.Keywords used were: “alveolar osteitis ”OR “fibrinolytic alveolitis” OR “localized osteomyelitis” OR “delayed extraction wound healing” AND “contraceptives”OR “OC” OR “contraceptive pill”. Studies on exodontia in patients treated with contraceptives with registered cases of alveolitis were included.Results: A higher mean incidence of alveolitis was observed in patients treated with contraceptives (18.52%),with respect to other patients who were not (6.78%) and with respect to male population (6.4%)...(AU)

Salivary biomarkers in burning mouth syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate which salivary biomarkers are altered in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) compared to a control group (CG). A comprehensive literature search was conducted in four databases. Case-control studies evaluating salivary biomarkers in BMS patients were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa tool. RevMan was used for meta-analysis. Seventeen studies were selected. The included studies collected 54 different biomarkers. Of these biomarkers, only three (cortisol, α-amylase, and dehydroepiandrosterone) were analyzed in three or more studies. Dehydroepiandrosterone obtained contradictory results among the studies. However, cortisol and α-amylase levels were found to be higher in BMS patients. Cortisol was the only biomarker which could be included for meta-analysis. Cortisol levels were significantly higher in the BMS group compared to the CG (Mean Difference = 0.39; 95% CI [0.14-0.65]; p = 0.003). In conclusion, different studies investigated salivary biomarkers in patients with BMS compared to a CG, with controversial results. Meta-analysis, confirmed by trial-sequential analysis, showed how cortisol levels were significantly higher in BMS. Cortisol emerges as an interesting salivary biomarker in BMS, but future properly designed studies are needed to evaluate its role in diagnosis and/or response to treatment.