Análisis bibliométrico de la revista ‘Farmacéuticos Comunitarios’ (2009-2020) (I): indicadores de productividad y autoría / Bibliometric analysis of the journal ‘Farmacéuticos Comunitarios’ (2009-2020) (I): Indicators of productivity and authorship

Objetivo: analizar, según indicadores bibliométricos, las características de la producción científica hallada en los artículos publicados en la revista Farmacéuticos Comunitarios (RFC).Métodos: diseño: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de la información bibliométrica obtenida de losartículos publicados en la RFC desde junio 2009 hasta diciembre 2020, consultados en su web.Indicadores: productividad general (IP), por comunidad autónoma, tipología, número de autores, filiación, índice de cooperación (IC), índice de transitoriedad (IT), índice de productividad de Lotka (IPL).Resultados: en el período estudiado la RFC publicó 12 volúmenes con 47 números y 297 artículos, conun IP general de 2,5. 148 (49,8%) fueron artículos de investigación original. 569 autores publicaron al menos un artículo, con un IT del 78,0% y 6 “grandes productores” (≥10 artículos). El IC fue 3,2, con tendenciacreciente. Las comunidades autónomas (CCAA) más productivas fueron la Comunidad Valenciana y Galicia.El 70,5% de los firmantes son farmacéuticos comunitarios, seguidos del 12,1% de profesores universitarios y el 7% son médicos. En el 42,8% de los artículos al menos uno de los autores no es farmacéutico comunitario. SEFAC colaboró con 15 sociedades científicas en la redacción de seis documentos de consenso.Conclusiones: la mayor parte de los indicadores bibliométricos estudiados en la RFC se encuentran alnivel de otras revistas del área de Ciencias de la Salud, aunque algunos todavía están influidos por el cortorecorrido temporal de la revista. Constituye un soporte adecuado, serio y riguroso, para el traslado a lacomunidad científica de los resultados de la investigación en su ámbito de actuación. (AU)

Objectives: To analyze, according to bibliometrics indicators, the characteristics of scientific productionfound in papers published in the journal Farmacéuticos Comunitarios (JFC).Methods: Design: retrospective descriptive study of the bibliometric information obtained fromarticles published in the RFC from June 2009 to December 2020, consulted on its website.Indicators: general productivity (PI), by Autonomous Community, typology, number of authors,affiliation, cooperation index (CI), transitory index (TI), Lotka productivity index (LPI).Results: During the period studied, the JFC published 12 volumes with 47 issues and 297 articles,with a general PI of 2.5. 148 (49.8%) were original research articles. 569 authors published at least onearticle, with an TI of 78.0% and 6 “large producers” (≥10 papers). The CI was 3.2, with a growing trend.The most productive AC were the Valencian Community and Galicia. 70.5% of signatories are communitypharmacists, followed by 12.1% university professors and 7% medical professors. In 42.8% of articles atleast one of the authors is not a community pharmacist. SEFAC collaborated with 15 scientific societies inthe drafting of 6 Consensus Documents.Conclusions: Most of the bibliometric indicators studied in the JFC are at the level of other journals inthe area of Health Sciences, although some are still influenced by the short temporal tour of the journal.It provides adequate, serious and rigorous support for the transfer to the scientific community of researchresults in its field of action. (AU)

Successful control of 2 simultaneous outbreaks of OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit.

BACKGROUND: This report describes a double outbreak of OXA-48-producing Enterobacteriaceae (OXA-48-PE) and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB) in an intensive care unit (ICU) and the effectiveness of measures implemented, including decontamination with vaporized hydrogen peroxide (VHP). METHODS: Affected patients were isolated in a confined area and cared for by dedicated personnel. Four percent chlorhexidine soap was used for patient daily hygiene. All patients are subjected to contact precautions. An in-depth cleaning of the ICU was performed with a chlorine solution, followed by decontamination with VHP. Environmental samples were taken before and after the decontamination. RESULTS: From July-October 2015, 13 patients were colonized or infected by OXA-48-PE and 18 by MRAB in the ICU. The cumulative incidence of OXA-48-PE and MRAB was 3.48% and 4.81%, respectively. In the period after the intervention, they were 0.8% and 0%, respectively (P < .001). Before the VHP biodecontamination, 4.5% of environmental samples were positive for OXA-48-PE and none for MRAB. After biodecontamination, 1.4% of samples were positive for OXA-48-PE. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasizes the importance of environmental hygiene in the control of outbreaks caused by microorganisms of high environmental impact. The rapid effect after the VHP treatment suggests an influence of this measure in eradication.

Metodología para evaluar las actitudes y aptitudes sobre farmacovigilancia en los farmacéuticos comunitarios. Aplicación en la provincia de Pontevedra / Methodology for assessing the attitudes and skills of community pharmacists in pharmacovigilance. Implementation in the province of Pontevedra

Objetivos: Diseño y validación de una metodología que permita evaluar los conocimientos y las actitudes de los farmacéuticos comunitarios de Pontevedra sobre farmacovigilancia. Presentar los resultados de la muestra participante en el proceso de validación. Método: Un comité de redacción, formado por ocho farmacéuticos con experiencia en el diseño y la validación de cuestionarios, elaboró el cuestionario (actitudes y conocimientos). Posteriormente, se aplicó el método Delphi y se replantearon algunas preguntas, con lo que se obtuvo el cuestionario definitivo. Se analizó la viabilidad, el grado de validez y la fiabilidad, evaluando la consistencia interna mediante el índice de Cronbach, y su estabilidad con la prueba del test-retest mediante envío a todos los farmacéuticos comunitarios de Pontevedra. Resultados: Se obtuvo un cuestionario psicométrico multidimensional y autoadministrado, con 14 ítems que valoran las actitudes positivas y negativas mediante una escala Likert de 5 puntos y 10 preguntas sobre conocimientos. Se recibieron 188 cuestionarios (de un 18,72% de los farmacéuticos comunitarios de la provincia). El tiempo para contestarlo era menor de 10 minutos. La administración resultó viable. Validez de contenido: Nota media (método Delphi) de 4,3563 (alfa= 0,3880) sobre 5. Consistencia interna: Alfa de Cronbach de 0,72. Reproducibilidad: Coefi ciente de correlación intraclase de 0,83. Conclusiones: Se validó una metodología para evaluar los conocimientos y las actitudes sobre farmacovigilancia de los farmacéuticos comunitarios de Pontevedra. Las preguntas con mayor porcentaje de error corresponden a definiciones modificadas en el Real Decreto 1.344/2007. Complacencia, ignorancia y subestimación son las actitudes negativas, y el interés y la demanda las positivas, sobre las que hay que intervenir para mejorar la notificación espontánea por parte de los farmacéuticos comunitarios(AU)

Aims: To design and validate a methodology for the evaluation of knowledge and attitudes levels of community pharmacists of Pontevedra (CPh) in pharmacovigilance. To present the results of the participated sample in the validation process. Method: A drafting committee consisting of 8 pharmacists with experience in the design and validation of questionnaires drafted the questionnaire (attitudes and knowledge). Afterwards, we did apply the Delphi method and reexamined some questions. This led the final questionnaire presentation. Viability, degree of validity and reliability were analyzed and internal consistency was evaluated by applying Cronbach code and its stability with test-retest test-method by sending it to all CPh of Pontevedra. Results: A multidimensional, self-administered and psychometric questionnaire was obtained, with 14 items that evaluate positive and negative attitudes by a 5-point Likert scale and 10 knowledge questions. 188 questionnaires were received (18.72% of CPh were from the province). Answering time was less than 10 minutes. The administration was feasible. Content validity: Average rating (Delphi method) 4.3563 (alpha = 0.3880) of 5. Internal consistency: Cronbach’s alpha 0.72. Reproducibility: intraclass correlation degree 0.83. Conclusions: A methodology to evaluate knowledge and attitudes of CPh of Pontevedra province about FV was validated. Questions with more errors correspond to modifi ed defi nitions in RD 1344/2007. Complacency, ignorance and low estimation are negative attitudes and Interest & Demand are the positive ones which will be worked on to improve spontaneous reporting by the CPh(AU)

Análisis de la utilización de medicamentos por pacientes diabéticos en la provincia de Pontevedra / Analysis of the use of medication for diabetic patients in the province of Pontevedra

Objetivos: a) Determinar las características demográfi cas y el perfi l de utilizaciónde los medicamentos de la población usuaria de hipoglucemiantes en la provincia dePontevedra, y b) analizar las eventuales diferencias en la utilización de esos medicamentosen función de la edad, el sexo y la residencia de los pacientes (interior ocosta). Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de consumo (dispensación) de hipoglucemiantesen las ofi cinas de farmacia de la provincia de Pontevedra durante 2007.Variables analizadas: Dosis diaria por 1.000 habitantes y número de recetas porpaciente. Resultados: Se estudió a un total de 41.202 pacientes (un 4,35% de lapoblación total, que llega al 20% a partir de 80 años); un 51,67% eran mujeres.Los grupos de hipoglucemiantes más consumidos fueron, entre las insulinas, lasmixtas (40,36%), y entre los hipoglucemiantes orales las biguanidas (51,61%) y lassulfonilureas (29,52%). La glibenclamida la utilizan en mayor medida los pensionistasque los no pensionistas (el 17,88 frente al 13,88%; p= 0,07). La utilización dehipoglucemiantes, inhibidores de la enzima conversora de la angiotensina/antagonistasdel receptor de la angiotensina II, antiagregantes y estatinas no se ajusta a lasrecomendaciones de las guías terapéuticas actuales. El mayor consumo de ansiolíticosy antidepresivos en las mujeres es estadísticamente signifi cativo. El consumode hipoglucemiantes por paciente es mayor entre los residentes en la costa(AU)

Objectives: a) To determine the demographic features and profile of use ofmedicines by the population who takes hypoglycemic agents in the provinceof Pontevedra, and b) to analyze any differences in the use of these drugs accordingto age, sex and residence (interior or coast). A retrospective descriptivestudy of consumption of hypoglycemic agents in community pharmaciesfrom Pontevedra during 2007. Analysed variables: The daily dose per thousandin habitants and the number of prescriptions per patients. Results:41,202 patients (4.35% of total population, to over 20% for aged 80):51.67% were women. More consumed hypoglycemic groups were: amonginsulins, the premixed insulins: 40.36%, and among the oral hypoglycaemicagents: biguanides 51.61% and sulfonylureas 29.52%. Glibenclamide wasused to a greater extent by pensioners than by nonpensioners (17.88 vs13.88%; p= 0.07). The use of hypoglycemic agents, angiotensin-convertingenzymeinhibitors/angiotensin II receptor antagonists, antiagreggants and statinsare not consistent with the recommendations of current treatment guidelines.Among women, the consumption of anxiolytics and antidepressants wasstatistically significant. Hypoglycemic drugs consumption per patient is higheramong residents on the coast(AU)

[The cost effectiveness of echography biopsy]. / Rentabilidad de la ecopsia.

Ecopsy is a postmortem technique which, by means of echography-guided puncture and/or aspiration obtains material for histological analysis. This study compared cost and time employed in 100 ecopsies and 100 classic necropsies and confirmed that cost of materials in ecopsy is 65% lower than that in necropsy. Physicians, necropsy technicians, laboratory technicians and secretary team personnel spent 33%, 54%, 19% and 32% less time than in necropsy. The clinical report of ecopsy was finished within nine days even with the brain study included.

[Ischemic mitral valve insufficiency. Incidence, diagnosis and surgical treatment]. / Insuficiência valvar mitral isquêmica. Incidência, diagnóstico e tratamento cirúrgico.

PURPOSE: To study the incidence of ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) and the mortality. METHODS: One-hundred-five cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with MR were reviewed. Patients were divided in two groups: group A-59 (56.2%) necropsied patients without previous surgical procedures to correlate clinical pictures with the aim to determine the cause of death; group B-46 (43.8%) patients were submitted to surgical treatment. This group was subdivided in mild, moderate and severe forms of MR, and studied comparatively the type of surgical treatment and its evolution. RESULTS: Group A-23 (39%) patients with mild forms and predominant ischemic heart disease, responsible for death; 18 (30.5%) patients without previous diagnosis, masked by myocardial failure and 18 (30.5%) with severe MR and coronary heart disease; group B-14 (30.4%) patients died at the immediate post-operatory period. Higher mortality associated to ejection fraction (EF) below 35% (47.6%; p = 0.022), severe MR (41.7%; p = 0.044) and cardiogenic shock (52.9%; p = 0.14). In 41 (89.1%), the mitral valve repair was combined to coronary artery bypass grafting operation (CABG), in 4 (8.7%) this last procedure was made without mitral repair and in the remaining patients the surgery was limited to the valve. Mitral valvuloplasty was performed in 23 (50%) patients with 3 (13%) deaths, and in 19 (42.3%) the mitral valve was replaced with 9 (47.4%) deaths. CONCLUSION: The prognosis is related to the grade of EF and to the severity of MR. In mild to moderate forms, the surgical indication is due to the associated coronary heart disease and the valvuloplasty is preferred, in this instance. In severe forms, surgical intervention must be performed as soon as possible, before cardiogenic shock appears.