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1.
Rev. esp. patol ; 48(4): 250-254, oct.-dic. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-143518

ABSTRACT

Sevelamer es un quelante no absorbible del fosfato, usado para tratar la hiperfosfatemia en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica. La morfología de sevelamer ha sido descrita en un artículo recientemente publicado por Swanson et al., en el que se hace la primera descripción histológica de esta resina en el tracto gastrointestinal. En este artículo informamos de la presencia de cristales de sevelamer asociados a lesión mucosa en 2 pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento con este fármaco, que presentaron apendicitis aguda perforada con peritonitis el primer caso, y úlceras esofágicas el segundo. Realizamos la descripción histológica de los cristales de sevelamer y hacemos un diagnóstico diferencial morfológico con los cristales de kayexalato, otra resina también usada en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (AU)


Sevelamer is a non-absorbable phosphate binder used to treat hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic renal disease. Sevelamer morphology has been described in a recently published article by Swanson et al., in which the first histological description of this resin in the gastrointestinal tract is made. In this article we report the presence of sevelamer crystals associated with mucosal injury in 2 patients with chronic renal failure treated with this drug; one of them suffered acute perforated appendicitis with peritonitis and other developed oesophageal ulcers. We describe the histology of sevelamer crystals and the morphological differential diagnosis with kayexalate crystals, another resin used in chronic renal disease (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Gastrointestinal Tract/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Chelating Agents , Acidosis/pathology , Abdominal Pain/pathology , Appendix/pathology , Esophagus/pathology , Inflammation/pathology
3.
Rev. iberoam. micol ; 31(3): 197-202, jul.-sept. 2014.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-127631

ABSTRACT

La feohifomicosis cerebral es una micosis invasiva infrecuente, de mal pronóstico, sin tratamiento estandarizado y con muy pocos casos referenciados en la literatura. Entre los hongos responsables de la feohifomicosis se encuentra Cladophialophora bantiana, un hongo con especial tropismo por el sistema nervioso central. Se presenta un caso de absceso cerebral por C. bantiana en un adulto con enfermedad de Crohn y tratado con inmunosupresores. A pesar de la identificación del agente etiológico y del tratamiento quirúrgico y farmacológico administrado, el paciente evoluciona desfavorablemente y fallece 32 días después de la cirugía. La descripción del caso clínico se acompaña de una revisión de los episodios de feohifomicosis cerebral por C. bantiana publicados en los últimos 10 años. Los avances diagnósticos, incluyendo las nuevas técnicas de imagen, y el empleo de los nuevos antifúngicos no han mejorado el mal pronóstico de la feohifomicosis cerebral por C. bantiana, siendo aconsejable la combinación de tratamiento quirúrgico y farmacológico, aunque ninguna pauta terapéutica descrita en la literatura destaca por el éxito obtenido (AU)


Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis is a rare invasive fungal infection with very few cases referenced in the literature. There is no standardized treatment, and it is associated with poor outcomes. Cladophialophora bantiana, a fungus with special tropism for the central nervous system, is one of the causal agents of phaeohyphomycosis. The case presented here deals with a brain abscess by C. bantiana in an adult with Crohn's disease had beed being treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Despite the correct etiological diagnosis, surgical and pharmacological treatments, the patient died 32 days after surgery. A description of the case is followed by a review of all cerebral C. bantiana phaeohyphomycosis cases published in the last 10 years. Regardless of the use of advanced new imaging techniques in the diagnosis and treatment with new antifungal agents, cerebral phaeohyphomycosis by C. bantiana continues to have very poor prognosis. While new more successful therapeutic treatments appear, a combined surgical and pharmacological approach seems to be more appropriate for this severe mycosis (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged, 80 and over , Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis/diagnosis , Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis/drug therapy , Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis/microbiology , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Colony Count, Microbial/methods , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Prognosis , Brain Abscess/complications , Brain Abscess/microbiology , Central Nervous System/microbiology , Central Nervous System/pathology
4.
Rev. esp. patol ; 47(3): 149-155, jul.-sept. 2014.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-124885

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El tumor de células granulares (TCG) es una lesión poco frecuente que aparece predominantemente en mujeres y en el área de cabeza y cuello. Múltiples estudios apuntan a que deriva de las células de Schwann y su perfil inmunohistoquímico ha sido ampliamente estudiado. La expresión de calretinina (CRT) es, sin embargo, la peor caracterizada en el TCG, por ello en este estudio se pretende analizar en detalle su expresión en esta forma tumoral. Material y método. Se analizó una amplia muestra de TCG (n = 43), de los que se recogieron datos clínico-epidemiológicos y se realizó inmunotinción en todos ellos con anticuerpo anti CRT estudiando su patrón de expresión. Resultados. Se encontró que este tumor muestra positividad global frente a CRT en una amplia mayoría de los casos (74%), encontrando un gradiente en la inmunotinción en el 53% de los TCG estudiados, situación observada en los tumores con superficies epiteliales en proximidad y que no ocurre cuando estos epitelios se encuentran ausentes o alejados del TCG. Conclusiones. La tinción frente a CRT es útil para el diagnóstico del TCG y se demuestra la existencia de un gradiente en la inmunotinción cuando el TCG se encuentra en la proximidad de epitelios escamosos, sobre todo cuando estos muestran hiperplasia epitelial pseudoepiteliomatosa, lesión a la que frecuentemente se encuentran asociados (AU)


Introduction. Granular cell tumour (GCT) is a rare lesion which predominately affects women and occurs most frequently in the head and neck. Many reports suggest that the tumour cells are probably derived from Schwann cells. The immunohistochemical profile of GCT has been extensively studied, although calretinin expression (CRT) is the least understood. Our aim is to undertake a detailed analysis of its expression in this tumour. Materials and methods. A large sample of GCT (n = 43) was analysed. Clinical-epidemiological data were collected and immunostaining with CRT was performed in all of them with anti-CRT antibody to study its expression pattern. Results. We found that most of the GCT cases were positive to CRT (74%). Furthermore, in 53% of cases, we detected an intensity gradient in the immunostaining in tumour cells with epithelial surfaces in proximity, which does not occur when these epithelia are absent or distant from the GCT. Conclusions. CRT is a useful marker for the diagnosis of GCT. We found the existence of an immunostaining intensity gradient when the tumour is in close proximity to squamous epithelia, especially when these show pseudoepitheliomatous epithelial hyperplasia, which is often associated with GCT (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Granular Cell Tumor/diagnosis , Granular Cell Tumor/pathology , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Immunohistochemistry , Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia/diagnosis , Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia/pathology , Immunohistochemistry/instrumentation , Immunohistochemistry/trends , Hyperplasia/diagnosis , Hyperplasia/pathology , Carcinoma/pathology , Retrospective Studies
5.
Rev Iberoam Micol ; 31(3): 197-202, 2014.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23402829

ABSTRACT

Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis is a rare invasive fungal infection with very few cases referenced in the literature. There is no standardized treatment, and it is associated with poor outcomes. Cladophialophora bantiana, a fungus with special tropism for the central nervous system, is one of the causal agents of phaeohyphomycosis. The case presented here deals with a brain abscess by C. bantiana in an adult with Crohn's disease had beed being treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Despite the correct etiological diagnosis, surgical and pharmacological treatments, the patient died 32 days after surgery. A description of the case is followed by a review of all cerebral C. bantiana phaeohyphomycosis cases published in the last 10 years. Regardless of the use of advanced new imaging techniques in the diagnosis and treatment with new antifungal agents, cerebral phaeohyphomycosis by C. bantiana continues to have very poor prognosis. While new more successful therapeutic treatments appear, a combined surgical and pharmacological approach seems to be more appropriate for this severe mycosis.


Subject(s)
Brain Abscess/microbiology , Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis , Aged , Brain Abscess/diagnosis , Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis/diagnosis , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Male
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