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1.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 53(9): 571-574, nov. 2006. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-050984

ABSTRACT

La timectomía para el tratamiento de la miasteniagravis sigue siendo el tratamiento de elección en determinadospacientes. Dado el desarrollo de las técnicasquirúrgicas, a los anestesiólogos se nos plantea la necesidadde variar la técnica anestésica para adaptar mejornuestros cuidados a las nuevas técnicas quirúrgicasempleadas para resecar el timo. Presentamos el manejoperioperatorio de 2 pacientes en los que se realizó latimectomía fundamentalmente a través de un abordajetoracoscópico bilateral. La idoneidad de evitar en lamedida de lo posible el uso de opiáceos para el intra ypostoperatorio nos condujo a realizar un bloqueo paravertebraltorácico bilateral (mediante cateterización dedicho espacio paravertebral utilizando anestésicos localesa través de cada catéter paravertebral de formaalternante dependiendo del lado en el que en esemomento progresará la intervención quirúrgica). Laoperación transcurrió sin incidencias y a las 2 pacientesse les retiró el tubo endotraqueal al final de la misma.Los días subsiguientes recibieron exitosamente analgesiaparavertebral bilateral a través de sendas perfusionescontinuas de anestésicos locales


Thymectomy continues to be the treatment of choicefor certain patients with myasthenia gravis. As surgicaltechniques have developed, anesthesiologists have consideredthe need to adapt anesthetic techniques toimprove care of patients undergoing this procedure. Wedescribe the anesthetic management of 2 patients undergoingthymectomy performed with a bilateral thoracoscopicapproach. Because it is best to avoid the use ofopiates during and after surgery, we performed a bilateralparavertebral thoracic block, inserting the cathetersinto the paravertebral space on each side to infuse localanesthetics on either side as needed as the operation progressed.Surgery was completed without adverse eventsand tubes were removed from the tracheas of bothpatients at the end of the procedures. Bilateral continuousinfusion of local anesthetics provided satisfactoryanalgesia on the following days


Subject(s)
Female , Adult , Humans , Thymectomy , Myasthenia Gravis/surgery , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted , Intraoperative Period , Intubation, Intratracheal
2.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 53(3): 163-83; quiz 183, 193, 2006 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16671260

ABSTRACT

Cardiac arrhythmias are an important cause of complications throughout the perioperative period. Although our understanding of arrhythmias has increased considerably in recent years, they remain a source of concern for anesthesiologists. Our objective was to review steps to take when diagnosing arrhythmia. Although treatment is still largely influenced by therapies used in nonsurgical patients, we will review the approaches that are most applicable to practice situations in which anesthesiologists must manage patients with arrhythmias or at high risk of developing them.


Subject(s)
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/classification , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/epidemiology , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology , Bradycardia/drug therapy , Electrocardiography , Embolism/epidemiology , Embolism/etiology , Heart Conduction System/physiopathology , Humans , Intraoperative Complications/drug therapy , Postoperative Complications/drug therapy , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Tachycardia/blood , Tachycardia/drug therapy , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/drug therapy , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/epidemiology , Tachycardia, Ventricular/drug therapy
3.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 53(3): 163-183, mar. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-044966

ABSTRACT

Las arritmias cardiacas son la causa de un importantenúmero de complicaciones en todo el periodo perioperatorioy aunque en los últimos años se han producidoavances significativos en el conocimiento de las mismas,siguen representando un motivo constante de preocupaciónpara los anestesiólogos, Pretendemos dar a conocerlas estrategias que deben seguirse para el diagnóstico delas arritmias y, aunque el tratamiento mantiene unagran influencia de la terapéutica empleada en enfermosno quirúrgicos, repasamos de forma práctica para losanestesiólogos el enfoque más adecuado en los pacientesportadores de un ritmo patológico o que tengan un altoriesgo de padecerlo


Cardiac arrhythmias are an important cause of complicationsthroughout the perioperative period. Althoughour understanding of arrhythmias has increased considerablyin recent years, they remain a source of concern foranesthesiologists. Our objective was to review steps totake when diagnosing arrhythmia. Although treatment isstill largely influenced by therapies used in nonsurgicalpatients, we will review the approaches that are mostapplicable to practice situations in which anesthesiologistsmust manage patients with arrhythmias or at highrisk of developing them


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/classification , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/epidemiology , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology , Bradycardia/drug therapy , Electrocardiography , Heart Conduction System/physiopathology , Intraoperative Complications/drug therapy , Postoperative Complications/drug therapy , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Tachycardia/drug therapy , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/drug therapy , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/epidemiology , Tachycardia, Ventricular/drug therapy
4.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 53(9): 571-4, 2006 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17297834

ABSTRACT

Thymectomy continues to be the treatment of choice for certain patients with myasthenia gravis. As surgical techniques have developed, anesthesiologists have considered the need to adapt anesthetic techniques to improve care of patients undergoing this procedure. We describe the anesthetic management of 2 patients undergoing thymectomy performed with a bilateral thoracoscopic approach. Because it is best to avoid the use of opiates during and after surgery, we performed a bilateral paravertebral thoracic block, inserting the catheters into the paravertebral space on each side to infuse local anesthetics on either side as needed as the operation progressed. Surgery was completed without adverse events and tubes were removed from the tracheas of both patients at the end of the procedures. Bilateral continuous infusion of local anesthetics provided satisfactory analgesia on the following days.


Subject(s)
Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Myasthenia Gravis/surgery , Nerve Block , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted , Thymectomy , Thymoma/surgery , Thymus Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Analgesia/methods , Androstanols/administration & dosage , Androstanols/pharmacokinetics , Anesthesia, Inhalation , Combined Modality Therapy , Contraindications , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Humans , Methyl Ethers , Myasthenia Gravis/drug therapy , Myasthenia Gravis/etiology , Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents/administration & dosage , Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents/pharmacokinetics , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Pyridostigmine Bromide/therapeutic use , Rocuronium , Sevoflurane , Thymoma/complications , Thymus Neoplasms/complications
5.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 51(8): 423-8, 2004 Oct.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15586535

ABSTRACT

Peritoneal carcinomatosis is the final stage of certain malignant tumors located both inside and outside the abdomen. Mortality is high with conventional treatments and the best mean survival rates reported have reached up to 6 months. One technique tried in recent years involves resection of macroscopic parietal and visceral peritoneal lesions (peritonectomy) combined with intra- and postoperative perfusion of the abdominal cavity with hyperthermic chemotherapy to treat residual microscopic lesions. Five-year survival in series so-treated can reach as high as 80%, depending on tumor histology. Anesthetic management in these patients is complex, particularly because of the aggressive nature of the procedure. The main complications are related to the long duration of surgery, bleeding secondary to the many surgical resections, and hyperthermia caused by the chemical agents. The therapeutic process, therefore, is not risk-free and involves high rates of morbidity and mortality. We describe the anesthetic and postoperative management of the first 11 cases in which this procedure was carried out at our hospital, analyzing the main complications arising.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Carcinoma/therapy , Hyperthermia, Induced , Peritoneal Neoplasms/therapy , Peritoneum/surgery , Postoperative Care , Adult , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Humans , Male
6.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 10(3): 145-149, abr. 2003. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-22412

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el topiramato es un nuevo fármaco antiepiléptico que por su buena tolerancia se está empezando a utilizar como alternativa a otros anticomiciales en el tratamiento del dolor neuropático. Objetivos: con este estudio pretendemos ver su eficacia como alternativa a otros fármacos anticonvulsivantes en el tratamiento del dolor neuropático periférico, en pacientes que previamente estaban consumiendo AINE, evaluando la evolución en el dolor mediante la escala visual analógica (VAS) y la aparición de efectos secundarios.Material y métodos: presentamos un seguimiento con dicho fármaco llevado a cabo en nuestro centro, de carácter descriptivo prospectivo sobre 200 pacientes con dolor neuropático periférico puro o asociado a dolor somático, que previamente habían recibido tratamiento con AINEs o analgésicos sin presentar mejoría en la intensidad del dolor, a los que se les administra topiramato en dosis iniciales de 25 mg.12 h-1 que se van aumentando semanalmente hasta llegar a dosis máximas de 100200 mg.día-1 según el caso, asociando AINEs y/o analgésicos y reevaluándose como mínimo al mes y a los tres meses del comienzo del tratamiento. Se compara el grado de dolor respecto a la primera visita por medio del VAS y se recogen los casos de suspensión de tratamiento y sus causas, así como los principales efectos adversos aparecidos. Resultados: en la primera revisión se objetiva un descenso de más de dos puntos en el VAS tanto en los pacientes con dolor neuropático puro como en el asociado a dolor somático, apreciándose también mejoría en la segunda revisión con respecto a la primera. Aparecen efectos adversos en un 16,4 por ciento de los pacientes de predominio en la primera semana de tratamiento, siendo los principales y por este orden las náuseas y vómitos, la somnolencia y la pérdida de peso. Se suspende el tratamiento en un 6,8 por ciento de ellos por intolerancia o inefectividad. Conclusiones: topiramato es un fármaco efectivo como alternativa a otros anticomiciales en el tratamiento del dolor neuropático. En general sus efectos adversos son escasos y bien tolerados por los pacientes (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Male , Humans , Fructose/analogs & derivatives , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Pain/drug therapy , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Prospective Studies
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