ABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Medical/methods , Models, Educational , Learning , Problem-Based Learning , Students, Health Occupations , Pandemics , Coronavirus InfectionsABSTRACT
Chile has become a popular destination for migrants from South America and the Caribbean (low- and middle-income countries migration). Close to 200.000 Haitian migrants have arrived in Chile. Infectious and non-infectious disease burden among the Haitian adult population living in Chile is unknown. This study aimed to acquire the basic health information (selected transmissible and non-transmissible conditions) of the Haitian adult population living in Chile. A cross-sectional survey was performed, inviting Haitian-born residents in Chile older than 18 years old. Common conditions and risk factors for disease were assessed, as well as selected transmissible conditions (HIV, HBV, and HCV). 498 participants (60.4% female) from 10 communities in two regions of Chile were surveyed. Most subjects had never smoked (91.5%), and 80% drank less than one alcohol unit per month. The mean BMI was 25.6, with 45% of participants having a normal BMI (20-25). Hypertension was present in 31.5% (33% in the 25-44 age group). Prevalence of HIV was 2.4% (95 CI 1.3-4.2%), hepatitis B (HBsAg positive) was 3.4% (95 CI 2.1-5.5%), and hepatitis C was 0% (95 CI 0.0-0.9%). Quality of life showed a significant prevalence of depression and anxiety markers, particularly in those arriving in Chile less than 1 year ago. Low prevalence of obesity, diabetes, smoking, and drinking and estimated cardiovascular risk were found. Nonetheless, hypertension at a younger age, disproportionately higher prevalence of HIV and HBV infection and frequent markers of anxiety and depression were also found. Public policies for detecting and treating hypertension, HIV, and HBV screening, offering HBV vaccination, and organizing mental health programs for Haitian immigrants, are urgently needed.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections/enzymology , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Infections/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Caribbean Region/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Female , Global Burden of Disease , HIV Infections/genetics , HIV Infections/virology , Hepacivirus/pathogenicity , Hepatitis B/virology , Hepatitis B virus/pathogenicity , Hepatitis C/virology , Humans , Infections/virology , Male , Middle Aged , Noncommunicable Diseases/epidemiology , Quality of Life , Risk Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
nte el cuestionamiento sobre cuáles son las características que los espacios bibliotecarios deben tener para ser pertinentes a las prácticas y conductas propias de los usuarios del siglo XXI, este estudio establece como objetivo general identificar las principales características de la literatura científica que refiere al tema de la evaluación post ocupacional en bibliotecas en los últimos diez años. Para lograr el objetivo establecido, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura que refiere a los estudios de evaluación post ocupacional en bibliotecas en los idiomas inglés, español y portugués, publicada entre los años 2006-2016, en el Buscador de Información Global (BIG), de EBSCO, Web Of Science (WOS), Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe (REDALyC), DIALNET, INFOBILA, Google y Google Académico. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que existe un balance entre los estudios teóricos y empíricos sobre el tema, que son llevados a cabo, principalmente, por arquitectos y bibliotecólogos, tanto en bibliotecas universitarias como públicas, así como el empleo de diversos métodos y técnicas en su implementación. Las conclusiones enfatizan la importancia de este tipo estudios para la mejora del uso de los espacios y la optimización de los recursos invertidos en la construcción o remodelación de bibliotecas, así como del trabajo colaborativo e interdisciplinario para llevarlos a cabo.
aced with the questioning about what are the characteristics that the library spaces must have to be relevant to the practices and behaviors of the users of the XXI century, his study establishes as a general objective to identify the main characteristics of the scientific literature that refers to the Subject of post-occupancy evaluation in libraries in the last ten years. In order to achieve the established objective, a systematic review of the literature referring to post-occupancy evaluation studies in libraries was carried out in the following languages: English, Spanish and Portuguese, published between 2006-2016, in the Academic Search Complete of EBSCO, Web of Science (WOS), Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Network of Scientific Journals of Latin America and the Caribbean (REDALyC), DIALNET, INFOBILA, Google and Google Scholar. The results show that there is a balance between the theoretical and empirical studies on the subject that are carried out mainly by architects and librarians in both university and public libraries, as well as the use of different methods and techniques in their implementation. The conclusions emphasize the importance of this type of studies for the improvement of the use of spaces and the optimization of the resources invested in the construction or remodeling of libraries, as well as of the collaborative and interdisciplinary work to carry them out.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Symptoms of constrictive pericarditis may be nonspecific, misleading and may delay or lead to an incorrect diagnosis. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a 28-year-old male who was admitted to the hospital with progressive dyspnea, thoracic pain and a history of 25 kg of weight gain during the last 2 years. He was evaluated at another facility and his clinical presentation led to an erroneous diagnosis of primary hepatic disease (cirrhosis and portal hypertension). Physical examination showed that he was dyspneic, emaciated, had marked distention of his frontal cranial veins, diminished heart sounds, massive ascites and leg edema. Laboratory tests reported abnormal liver function tests and abdominal paracentesis chylous ascites. Electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm with generalized low voltage and nonspecific repolarization changes. Heart size was normal on chest radiography. Doppler echocardiography reported bilateral atrial dilatation, a thickened pericardium and a short deceleration time of transmitral flow. A thickened and calcified pericardium was seen on CT scan. Pericardiectomy was performed. Spontaneous polyuria was observed during and after surgery with subsequent improvement of ascites and edema. The pericardium was found to be grossly thickened and inflamed. CONCLUSIONS: Clinician must be aware of the slow and progressive course of right ventricular failure, as well as to recognize constrictive pericarditis as a cause of chronic ascites.The hemodynamic aspects of the disease are of paramount importance for early diagnosis and opportune treatment.
Subject(s)
Diagnostic Errors , Pericarditis, Constrictive/diagnosis , Adult , Chylous Ascites/etiology , Delayed Diagnosis , Disease Progression , Dyspnea/etiology , Edema/etiology , Heart Failure/etiology , Hemodynamics , Humans , Hypertension, Portal/diagnosis , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis , Male , Pericardiectomy , Pericarditis, Constrictive/complications , Pericarditis, Constrictive/physiopathology , Pericarditis, Constrictive/surgery , Polyuria/etiology , Transients and Migrants , Weight GainABSTRACT
En esta investigación presentamos el manejo, por radiología invasiva, de colecciones perirrenales de diferente etiología por medio de drenaje percutáneo translumbar como método de elección no quirúrgico. Se colocó un catéter guiado por ultrasonido y flujoroscopia a cuatro pacientes, los cuales presentaron mejoría sintomática inmediata del dolor lumbar. En ocasiones no es una solución definitiva para las colecciones perirrenales, pero siempre proporciona un mayor bienestar el paciente
