ABSTRACT
The incidence of severe infections caused by Lactobacillus spp. is very low. This paper reports a case of a liver abscess and bacteremia due to Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The patient is a 73 year-old woman with antecedent of diabetes mellitus. She has undergone surgery and received antimicrobial therapy (ampicillin plus gentamicin). The clinical outcome was favorable.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Lactobacillus/isolation & purification , Liver Abscess/microbiology , Aged , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Disease Susceptibility , Female , Humans , Lactobacillus/pathogenicityABSTRACT
Las infecciones severas por Lactobacillus spp. son infrecuentes. En una paciente de 73 años, de sexo femenino, diabética descompensada, se presenta un caso de absceso hepático y bacteriemia causado por Lactobacillus rhamnosus. La misma fue sometida a laparotomía con drenaje de absceso del lóbulo derecho y tratada con ampicilina y gentamicina con una evolución favorable.
Subject(s)
Female , Aged , Liver Abscess/microbiology , Argentina , Bacteremia , LactobacillusABSTRACT
Las infecciones severas por Lactobacillus spp. son infrecuentes. En una paciente de 73 años, de sexo femenino, diabética descompensada, se presenta un caso de absceso hepático y bacteriemia causado por Lactobacillus rhamnosus. La misma fue sometida a laparotomía con drenaje de absceso del lóbulo derecho y tratada con ampicilina y gentamicina con una evolución favorable. (AU)
Subject(s)
Female , Aged , Liver Abscess/microbiology , Bacteremia/microbiology , Lactobacillus/pathogenicity , ArgentinaABSTRACT
The incidence of severe infections caused by Lactobacillus spp. is very low. This paper reports a case of a liver abscess and bacteremia due to Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The patient is a 73 year-old woman with antecedent of diabetes mellitus. She has undergone surgery and received antimicrobial therapy (ampicillin plus gentamicin). The clinical outcome was favorable.
ABSTRACT
Susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics was investigated in Aeromonas spp. Microorganisms were isolated from both, clinical and water creek samples, as well as from processed raw chicken carcasses. Aeromonas like colonies were identified by means of Aerokey II and API 20 E System (Bio-Merieux). A. hydrophila prevailed both of human origin (44%) and water creek samples (41%), while A. caviae ranked first among raw chicken samples (65%). Dilution testing by Agar Method was performed to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), following NCCLS standards. All tested microorganisms were susceptible to third generation cephalosporin, cefepime, imipenem, aztreonam, and resistant to ampicillin. Only with cefepime and aztreonam exceptions, strains of human origin showed higher values of MIC90 than environmental ones. These results suggest that antibiotic resistance is mainly due to a steady environmental pressure, on account of the widely used above mentioned compounds.
Subject(s)
Aeromonas/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Water Microbiology , beta-Lactam Resistance , Aeromonas/classification , Aeromonas/isolation & purification , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/classification , Argentina , Chickens/microbiology , Food Contamination , Food Microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/veterinary , Humans , Species Specificity , beta-LactamsABSTRACT
Susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics was investigated in Aeromonas spp. Microorganisms were isolated from both, clinical and water creek samples, as well as from processed raw chicken carcasses. Aeromonas like colonies were identified by means of Aerokey II and API 20 E System (Bio-Merieux). A. hydrophila prevailed both of human origin (44) and water creek samples (41), while A. caviae ranked first among raw chicken samples (65). Dilution testing by Agar Method was performed to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), following NCCLS standards. All tested microorganisms were susceptible to third generation cephalosporin, cefepime, imipenem, aztreonam, and resistant to ampicillin. Only with cefepime and aztreonam exceptions, strains of human origin showed higher values of MIC90 than environmental ones. These results suggest that antibiotic resistance is mainly due to a steady environmental pressure, on account of the widely used above mentioned compounds.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Aeromonas , beta-Lactam Resistance , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Lactams , Water Microbiology , Aeromonas , Argentina , Chickens , Species Specificity , Food Contamination , Food Microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/veterinary , LactamsABSTRACT
Susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics was investigated in Aeromonas spp. Microorganisms were isolated from both, clinical and water creek samples, as well as from processed raw chicken carcasses. Aeromonas like colonies were identified by means of Aerokey II and API 20 E System (Bio-Merieux). A. hydrophila prevailed both of human origin (44) and water creek samples (41), while A. caviae ranked first among raw chicken samples (65). Dilution testing by Agar Method was performed to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), following NCCLS standards. All tested microorganisms were susceptible to third generation cephalosporin, cefepime, imipenem, aztreonam, and resistant to ampicillin. Only with cefepime and aztreonam exceptions, strains of human origin showed higher values of MIC90 than environmental ones. These results suggest that antibiotic resistance is mainly due to a steady environmental pressure, on account of the widely used above mentioned compounds.(AU)
Subject(s)
Comparative Study , Humans , Animals , Aeromonas/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Water Microbiology , beta-Lactam Resistance , Aeromonas/classification , Aeromonas/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/classification , Argentina , Chickens/microbiology , Food Contamination , Food Microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/veterinary , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
Susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics was investigated in Aeromonas spp. Microorganisms were isolated from both, clinical and water creek samples, as well as from processed raw chicken carcasses. Aeromonas like colonies were identified by means of Aerokey II and API 20 E System (Bio-Merieux). A. hydrophila prevailed both of human origin (44
) and water creek samples (41
), while A. caviae ranked first among raw chicken samples (65
). Dilution testing by Agar Method was performed to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), following NCCLS standards. All tested microorganisms were susceptible to third generation cephalosporin, cefepime, imipenem, aztreonam, and resistant to ampicillin. Only with cefepime and aztreonam exceptions, strains of human origin showed higher values of MIC90 than environmental ones. These results suggest that antibiotic resistance is mainly due to a steady environmental pressure, on account of the widely used above mentioned compounds.
ABSTRACT
We report a case of a nine-year old boy with vomiting, abdominal pain and fever, who underwent surgery with a diagnosis of appendicitis in Mendoza and from whom a Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O127:H21 strain was recovered. Forty-eight hours after surgery he presented bilious vomiting and two episodes of intestinal bleeding. Laboratory findings included: hematocrit, 35%; blood urea nitrogen, 0.22 g/L. The urinary output was normal. The following day physical examination showed an alert mildly hydrated child, without fever but with distended and painful abdomen. The patient was again submitted to surgery with a diagnosis of intestinal occlusion. Bleeding and multiple adhesions in jejunum and ileum were found. The patient still had tense and painful abdomen and presented two bowel movements with blood; hematocrit fell to 29% and blood urea nitrogen rose to 0.32 g/L. STEC O127:H21 eae(-)/Stx2/Stx2vh-b(+)/E-Hly(+) was isolated from a stool sample. He was discharged after 10 days of hospitalization and no long-term complications such as HUS or TTP were observed. This is the first report, to our knowledge, on the isolation of E. coli O127:H21, carrying the virulence factors that characterize STEC strains, associated to an enterohemorrhagic colitis case. This serotype was previously characterized as a non-classic enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). STEC infections can mimic infectious or noninfectious pathologies. Therefore an important aspect of clinical management is making the diagnosis using different criteria thereby avoiding misdiagnoses which have occasionally led to invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures or the inappropriate use of antibiotics.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Toxins/biosynthesis , Escherichia coli Infections/complications , Escherichia coli , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/microbiology , Intestinal Obstruction/microbiology , Abdomen/microbiology , Child , Enterocolitis/microbiology , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli/pathogenicity , Escherichia coli Infections/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Shiga ToxinsABSTRACT
Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a bacteria that produces severe illness in animals and humans. Considering the importance of the presence of L. monocytogenes in soft paste cheeses, a study of diverse cheeses from supermarkets of direct sale to the public was carried out. From the 35 analyzed cheeses, 4 strains were isolated (11.4%). The result of the serological study showed that all the strains corresponded to the serotype 4. The proteic profiles of the isolated strains showed similarity with the used pattern (4b). Several authors reported the importance of L. monocytogenes as contaminant in foods ready to eat like the soft paste cheeses. Thus, it must be remarked the importance of the good handling practices in the production, transport, refrigeration and exhibition of this product.
Subject(s)
Cheese/microbiology , Food Microbiology , Listeria monocytogenes/isolation & purification , Listeria monocytogenes/classification , SerotypingABSTRACT
Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a bacteria that produces severe illness in animals and humans. Considering the importance of the presence of L. monocytogenes in soft paste cheeses, a study of diverse cheeses from supermarkets of direct sale to the public was carried out. From the 35 analyzed cheeses, 4 strains were isolated (11.4). The result of the serological study showed that all the strains corresponded to the serotype 4. The proteic profiles of the isolated strains showed similarity with the used pattern (4b). Several authors reported the importance of L. monocytogenes as contaminant in foods ready to eat like the soft paste cheeses. Thus, it must be remarked the importance of the good handling practices in the production, transport, refrigeration and exhibition of this product.
Subject(s)
Cheese , Food Microbiology , Listeria monocytogenes , SerotypingABSTRACT
Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a bacteria that produces severe illness in animals and humans. Considering the importance of the presence of L. monocytogenes in soft paste cheeses, a study of diverse cheeses from supermarkets of direct sale to the public was carried out. From the 35 analyzed cheeses, 4 strains were isolated (11.4). The result of the serological study showed that all the strains corresponded to the serotype 4. The proteic profiles of the isolated strains showed similarity with the used pattern (4b). Several authors reported the importance of L. monocytogenes as contaminant in foods ready to eat like the soft paste cheeses. Thus, it must be remarked the importance of the good handling practices in the production, transport, refrigeration and exhibition of this product.(AU)
Subject(s)
Cheese/microbiology , Food Microbiology , Listeria monocytogenes/isolation & purification , Listeria monocytogenes/classification , SerotypingABSTRACT
Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a bacteria that produces severe illness in animals and humans. Considering the importance of the presence of L. monocytogenes in soft paste cheeses, a study of diverse cheeses from supermarkets of direct sale to the public was carried out. From the 35 analyzed cheeses, 4 strains were isolated (11.4
). The result of the serological study showed that all the strains corresponded to the serotype 4. The proteic profiles of the isolated strains showed similarity with the used pattern (4b). Several authors reported the importance of L. monocytogenes as contaminant in foods ready to eat like the soft paste cheeses. Thus, it must be remarked the importance of the good handling practices in the production, transport, refrigeration and exhibition of this product.
ABSTRACT
We report a case of a nine-year old boy with vomiting, abdominal pain and fever, who underwent surgery with a diagnosis of appendicitis in Mendoza and from whom a Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O127:H21 strain was recovered. Forty-eight hours after surgery he presented bilious vomiting and two episodes of intestinal bleeding. Laboratory findings included: hematocrit, 35
; blood urea nitrogen, 0.22 g/L. The urinary output was normal. The following day physical examination showed an alert mildly hydrated child, without fever but with distended and painful abdomen. The patient was again submitted to surgery with a diagnosis of intestinal occlusion. Bleeding and multiple adhesions in jejunum and ileum were found. The patient still had tense and painful abdomen and presented two bowel movements with blood; hematocrit fell to 29
and blood urea nitrogen rose to 0.32 g/L. STEC O127:H21 eae(-)/Stx2/Stx2vh-b(+)/E-Hly(+) was isolated from a stool sample. He was discharged after 10 days of hospitalization and no long-term complications such as HUS or TTP were observed. This is the first report, to our knowledge, on the isolation of E. coli O127:H21, carrying the virulence factors that characterize STEC strains, associated to an enterohemorrhagic colitis case. This serotype was previously characterized as a non-classic enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). STEC infections can mimic infectious or noninfectious pathologies. Therefore an important aspect of clinical management is making the diagnosis using different criteria thereby avoiding misdiagnoses which have occasionally led to invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures or the inappropriate use of antibiotics.
ABSTRACT
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) has been associated with pathogenesis of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) worldwide. The aim of the present study was to characterize the HUS cases reported in Mendoza and to determine their association with STEC infection. From July 1994 through June 1996 thirty-six patients with HUS were admitted to Hospital Pediátrico "Dr. HJ Notti" (Mean age 22.8 +/- 14.9 months, 44% females). The children developed HUS following an acute diarrheal illness in 94.4% of the cases. Bloody diarrhea was observed in 83.3% of them. Antimicrobial therapy had been administered to 69.4% of the patients. Most of the patients were well-nourished (88.9%), belong to middle-low socioeconomical condition (91.7%), from urban areas (72.2%) and they were mostly assisted during summer and the beginning of autumn. The acute stage of the disease occurred with presentation of pallor (100%), edema (25%), anuria (38.9%), oliguria (41.7%), hemolytic anemia (97.2%), thrombocytopenia (86.1%) and neurological involvement (41.7%). Twenty-five of them presented the full clinical syndrome. Peritoneal dialysis were performed in 50% and packed blood cell transfusion in 88.9%. The mean days of hospitalization was 15.1 +/- 9.2 [range 1-32]. A 91.7% of the patients recovered renal function, two developed chronic renal failure and one died. Cumulative evidence of STEC infection was found in 19 (86.4%) of 22 HUS patients. STEC O157:H7, biotype C was found in 8 (36.4%). The prevalent Stx type was Stx2 in STEC, free fecal Stx (STMF) and Stx-neutralizing antibodies (a-Stx). In Mendoza, as in the rest of Argentina E. coli O157:H7, biotype C, Stx2 producer is the most frequently detected pathogen in HUS cases.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Toxins , Escherichia coli Infections/complications , Escherichia coli , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/microbiology , Argentina , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/drug therapy , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/epidemiology , Humans , Infant , Male , Nutritional Status , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
Thirty-four hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) patients and ninety-five family members were studied to determine the frequency of infection with verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) in household contacts using three diagnostic criteria: VTEC strains isolation and characterization, detection of free fecal VT (FVT) and VT-neutralizing antibodies (VT-NAbs). Gastrointestinal tract symptoms occurred in one to six family members in 8 (23.5%) of the index cases, the week before admission to hospital or simultaneously. The control group consisted of 34 children with acute gastroenteritis who did not develop HUS. Cumulative evidence of VTEC infection was found in 13 (38.2%) of 34 HUS patients, in 30 (31.6%) of 95 family members and in 10 (29.4%) of 34 control children. The serotypes of VTEC isolated were O157: H7 and O25: H2. The prevalent VT type was VT2 in VTEC and FVT; and VT1 in VT-NAbs. Both parents had the same infection rate by fecal toxin or serological data (11.1% FVT, 32% VT-NAbs). These were higher than those detected in siblings (6.2% FVT, 23.5% VT-NAbs) and grandparents (0% FVT, 18% VT-NAbs). Of 16 patients without evidence of infection, 3 had household contacts with FVT and 13 with VT-NAbs. Our results show the wide dissemination of VTEC in the population of Argentina and that family members of HUS patients are usually infected. Therefore, person-to-person transmission may play an important role in the high incidence of HUS in our country.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Toxins/biosynthesis , Escherichia coli Infections/diagnosis , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/microbiology , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Feces/microbiology , Female , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/genetics , Humans , Infant , Male , PedigreeABSTRACT
We report a case of a child who developed Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in whom two Shiga-like toxin (SLT)-producing Escherichia coli strains of different serotypes and genotypes, were simultaneously isolated from stools. In addition, one of these strains represented a new toxin producing serotype. Strain 1 belonged to serotype O157: H7, biotype D, produced SLT II and was susceptible to all antibiotics tested. This strain hybridized with gene probes for SLT II, fimbrial adhesion (EHEC factor) and attaching and effacing factor (eae). Strain 2 belonged to serotype 025: K2: H2, produced SLT II and had a multiresistant antibiotic susceptibility pattern. This strain hybridized with the EHEC gene probe but not with SLT I, SLT II and eae gene probes. Free fecal SLT II cytotoxin was detected in stools of the child and his father, suggesting that the infection may have been acquired from a household contact.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Toxins/biosynthesis , Escherichia coli Infections/complications , Escherichia coli/metabolism , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/complications , Escherichia coli/classification , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Humans , Infant , Male , SerotypingABSTRACT
We report a case of a child who developed Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in whom two Shiga-like toxin (SLT)-producing Escherichia coli strains of different serotypes and genotypes, were simultaneously isolated from stools. In addition, one of these strains represented a new toxin producing serotype. Strain 1 belonged to serotype O157: H7, biotype D, produced SLT II and was susceptible to all antibiotics tested. This strain hybridized with gene probes for SLT II, fimbrial adhesion (EHEC factor) and attaching and effacing factor (eae). Strain 2 belonged to serotype 025: K2: H2, produced SLT II and had a multiresistant antibiotic susceptibility pattern. This strain hybridized with the EHEC gene probe but not with SLT I, SLT II and eae gene probes. Free fecal SLT II cytotoxin was detected in stools of the child and his father, suggesting that the infection may have been acquired from a household contact.
