Enhanced mass transfer of pulsed vacuum pressure pickling and changes in quality of sour bamboo shoots.

Sour bamboo shoot is a traditional Chinese fermented vegetable food. The traditional pickling method of sour bamboo shoots has the disadvantages of being time-consuming, inhomogeneous, and difficult to control. Pulsed vacuum pressure pickling (PVPP) technology uses pulsed vacuum pressure to enhance the pickling efficiency significantly. To demonstrate the effects of salt content and PVPP technical parameters on the fermentation of bamboo shoots, the sample salinity, pH value, color, crunchiness and chewiness, nitrite content, and lactic acid bacteria content during the pickling process were investigated. The salt content inside the bamboo shoots gradually increased to the equilibrium point during the pickling process. The pickling efficiency of bamboo shoots under PVPP technology increased by 34.1% compared to the traditional control groups. Meanwhile, the uniform salt distribution under PVPP technology also obtained better performance in comparison with the traditional groups. The pH value declined slowly from 5.96 to 3.70 with the extension of pickling time and sour flavor accumulated progressively. No significant differences were found in the color values (L *, a *, and b *) and the crunchiness of the bamboo shoot under different salt solution concentrations, vacuum pressure, and pulsation frequency ratio conditions. Colony-forming unit of lactic acid bacteria (CFU of LAB) decreased, to begin with, and then increased until the 6th day, followed by a declining trend in volatility. The nitrate content of bamboo shoots samples under PVPP treatments did not exceed the safety standard (<20 mg/kg) during the whole fermentation process, which proves the safety of PVPP technology. In conclusion, PVPP technology can safely replace the traditional method with better quality performance. The optimal PVPP processing conditions (vacuum pressure 60 kPa, 10 min vacuum pressure time vs. 4 min atmospheric pressure time, salt solution concentration 6%) have been recommended for pickling bamboo shoots with high product quality.

SIRT7 activates p53 by enhancing PCAF-mediated MDM2 degradation to arrest the cell cycle.

Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, plays vital roles in energy sensing, but the underlying mechanisms of action remain less clear. Here, we report that SIRT7 is required for p53-dependent cell-cycle arrest during glucose deprivation. We show that SIRT7 directly interacts with p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) and the affinity for this interaction increases during glucose deprivation. Upon binding, SIRT7 deacetylates PCAF at lysine 720 (K720), which augments PCAF binding to murine double minute (MDM2), the p53 E3 ubiquitin ligase, leading to accelerated MDM2 degradation. This effect results in upregulated expression of the cell-cycle inhibitor, p21Waf1/Cip1, which further leads to cell-cycle arrest and decreased cell viability. These data highlight the importance of the SIRT7-PCAF interaction in regulating p53 activity and cell-cycle progression during conditions of glucose deprivation. This axis may represent a new avenue to design effective therapeutics based on tumor starvation.

[Clinical Significance of Peripheral blood EB Virus Detection in NK/T Cell Lymphoma Patients].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical significance of peripheral blood EB virus detection in NK/T cell lymphoma patients. METHODS: The positive rate of EB virus and EBV-DNA in 85 cases of NK/T cell lymphoma was assayed; the correlation of positive rate of EB virus with clinical staging, short-term and long-term prognosis was analyzed. RESULTS: The positive rate of EB virus in NK/T cell lymphoma was high (80.00%). The EBV-DNA copy number in peripheral blood leukocytes was higher than that in peripheral plasma (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in EBV-DNA level between peripheral leukocytes and serum (P>0.05). The I-II stages ratio of patients in EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in EBV- group. The CR rate and ORR in EBV+ group was significantly lower than those in EBV- group, the 3 year OS rate and 3 year DFR in EBV+ group also was significantly lower than those in EBV- group. CONCLUSION: The detection of periphera blood EBV may be used as an reference indicator for anxiliary diagnosis of NK/T cell lymphoma and evaluation of prognosis for patients, thus possessing a certain value for clinical application.

Progress in pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common complication of diabetes, which causes pain and inconvenience to the patients and reduces the quality of life. The pathogenesis of DPN is not yet clear, which is the result of multi-factor interaction. Hyperglycemia is clearly an important factor for its pathogenesis and development. Several metabolic pathways have been identified that may relate to the cellular metabolic including glucose flux through the polyol pathway, the hexosamine pathway, production of the protein kinase C isoforms and accumulation of advanced glycation end products. The additive imbalance of these pathways alters the mito-chondrial redox state of the cell and results in oxidative stress. It also causes inflammation. Additionally, growth factors, insulin resistance and lipid abnormality may participate in the metabolic pathway. This review is aimed to elaborate the pathogenesis and complement the known mechanism.

Progress in pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common complication of diabetes, which causes pain and inconvenience to the patients and reduces the quality of life. The pathogenesis of DPN is not yet clear, which is the result of multi-factor interaction. Hyperglycemia is clearly an important factor for its pathogenesis and development. Several metabolic pathways have been identified that may relate to the cellular metabolic including glucose flux through the polyol pathway, the hexosamine pathway, production of the protein kinase C isoforms and accumulation of advanced glycation end products. The additive imbalance of these pathways alters the mito-chondrial redox state of the cell and results in oxidative stress. It also causes inflammation. Additionally, growth factors, insulin resistance and lipid abnormality may participate in the metabolic pathway. This review is aimed to elaborate the pathogenesis and complement the known mechanism.

[Clinical Efficacy of Radiotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy for Primary Mediastinal Large B-cell Lymphoma].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy of radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for patients with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma(PMLBCL). METHODS: A total of 34 cases of PMLBCL were treated by radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy(radio-chemotherapy group), 28 cases of PMLBCL were treated by chemotherapy alone (single chemotherapy group as control). The clinical efficacy, side effects, long-term survival of the two group patients were compared. RESULTS: The overall remission(OR) in the radio-chemotherapy group were higher than that in single chemotherapy group (P<0.05); the blood toxicity reaction, mucositis, radiation dermatitis in radio-chemotherapy group were higher than those in single chemotherapy group (P<0.05); the progress free survival(PFS) for 1 year in radio-chemotherapy group was higher than that in the single chemotherapy group (P<0.05), the local control (LC), PFS for 3 years in the radio-chemotherapy group were higher than those in the single chemotherapy group (P<0.05), the LC, OS, PFS for 5 years in the radio-chemotherapy group were higher than those in the single chemotherapy group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy has good clinical efficacy for patients with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, it has high rate of progression-free survival, it can be used as optimed scheme for treating PMLBCL, but the complications resulting from radio-chemotherapy should be prevented.

[Clinical efficacy of dexamethasone, methotrexate combined with cyclophosphamide for treatment of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma].

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of dexamethasone, methotrexate combined with cyclophosphamide for treatment of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). METHODS: Twenty-one patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma were selected as control group, which were received CHOP; twenty-nine patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma were selected as treatment group, which were received Hyper-CVAD. Clinical efficacy were observed after treatment. RESULTS: In control group 6 patients achieved complete remission(CR), 4 patients achieved partial remission(PR), the total response rate of control group was 47.6%; in treatment group 15 patients achieved CR, 7 patients achieved PR, the total response rate of treatment group was 75.9%, and the total response rate of treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group. The incidence rates of cardiac dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy, anaemia and leucopenia between the two groups had no significant difference. The average progress free survival (PFS) of treatment group was 26.106 months, which was significantly higher than that of control group. CONCLUSION: The clinical efficacy of dexamethasone, methotrexate combined with cyclophosphamide for treatment of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma has been confirmed to be satisfactory and it may be used in clinic.

[Analysis of bortezomib treatment efficacy and adverse reactions for patients with follicular lymphoma].

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of bortezomib in the treatment of follicular lymphoma patients. METHODS: According to treatment methods, the 56 follicular lymphoma patients were divided into 2 groups: CHOP group (26 cases) and bortezomib group (30 cases). The patients in CHOP group received the CHOP chemotherapy regimens (cyclophosphamide+ epirubicin+vincristine+prednisolone), the patients in bortezomib group received bortezomib based on CHOP. The clinical curative effect and adverse reaction between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The short-term efficacy of bortezomib group showed significantly better than that in CHOP group (P < 0.05), the total efficiency in bortezomib group (80%) was significantly higher than that in CHOP group (53.85%) (P < 0.05). The progression free survival of the patients in the bortezomib group was statistically longer than that in the CHOP group (10 months vs 6 months) (P = 0.013). There was no significant differences in the overall survival mediam survival time between these two groups (10 months vs 11 months)(P = 0.107). The occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups was no significant different (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Bortezomib combined with CHOP chemotherapy can obviously prolong the progression free survival of patients, and improve the total efficiency without increase of adverse reaction. The benefit to overall survival needs to further extend follow-up observation.

Evaluation of chemomechanical and traditional mechanical caries removal in indirect pulp capping of symmetric primary molars / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the difference between chemomechanical and traditional mechanical caries removal in indirect pulp capping of the symmetric primary molars.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 192 children with deep caries in the two symmetric primary molars were studied. The two symmetric primary molars were divided into two groups for treatment with chemomechanical method with Carisolv(TM) system or traditional mechanical method. After caries removal, calcium hydroxide agent was placed as the protective base, and glass ionomer cement was used to restore the teeth. The patients were followed up every 1 month within one year after the operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The percentage of healthy primary molar pulp was 95.3% with chemomechanical method and 87.0% with traditional method, showing a significant difference between the two methods.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chemomechanical caries removal is more effective in preserving the healthy pulp than the traditional method.</p>

Distribution of Bifidobacterium in oral cavities of children and the relations with caries / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore a selected-media of Bifidobacterium from oral cavity, to detect the distribution of Bifidobacterium in different sites of children and primarily investigate the relationship between oral Bifidobacterium and early childhood caries.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>70 children aged from 3 to 5-year-old were selected, 30 children were caries-free and 40 were severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Saliva was collected and plaque samples from the 30 healthy subjects were pooled. For S-ECC group, plaques were collected separately from four different sites as follows: Saliva, surfaces of intact enamel, surfaces of white spot-lesions, and deep dentin-lesions. Samples would be grown in the selected-media, and the whole DNA of bacteria was extracted. Polymerase chain reaction was performed with specific primers and the results were analyzed by the electrophoresis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bifidobacterium were detected 0 in the caries-free children, while 47.5% in the S-ECC group. There was significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05) and there was no difference between different sites of teeth in S-ECC group (P > 0.05). 27.5% Bifidobacterium were detected in saliva, 27.5% on surfaces of intact enamel, 20.0% on surfaces of white spot-lesions and 22.5% in deep dentin-lesions. 10% Bifidobacterium dentium were detected in saliva, 7.5% on surfaces of intact enamel, 7.5% on surfaces of white spot-lesions and 10.0% in deep dentin-lesions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>One type of modified selected media of Bifidobacterium in oral cavity was explored. Bifidobacterium may be related to the occurrence of the S-ECC and has nothing to do with different sites of teeth in children.</p>