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1.
Rev. int. med. cienc. act. fis. deporte ; 22(85): 183-197, mar.-mayo 2022. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-205435

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir un modelo multivariable de planificación del entrenamiento para la monitorización semanal y su periodización en relación con el perfil dinámico competitivo. Veintidós futbolistas profesionales participaron este estudio. Se analizaron 30 microciclos competitivos donde se registró individualmente todas las sesiones de entrenamiento y partidos de competición mediante GPS. Los resultados mostraron una fase de carga con valores cercanos a los alcanzados en competición, pero con estímulos diferenciados en días consecutivos, y otra fase de reducción de la carga en forma de tapering previa a la competición. La carga acumulada semanalmente mostró poca variabilidad entre los microciclos, observándose un promedio de 0.6%. La gestión dinámica de la carga presentó una ratio A:C que osciló entre 0.89-1.13. El modelo multivariable para la planificación del entrenamiento semanal es un método eficaz para monitorizar la carga del entrenamiento en relación con el perfil de rendimiento. (AU)


The aim of this study was to describe a multivariable training planning model for weekly monitoring and its periodization in relation to the dynamic competitive profile. Twenty-two professional soccer players participated in this study. Thirty competitive microcycles were analyzed. Thirty competitive microcycles were recorded individually in all training sessions and competition matches through a GPS device. The results showed a loading phase with values close to those achieved in competition, but with differentiated stimuli on consecutive days, and another phase of load reduction in the form of tapering prior to competition. The weekly accumulated load showed little variability between the microcycles; an average of 0.6% was observed. Dynamic load management presented an A: C ratio that ranged from 0.89-1.13. It can be concluded that the multivariate model for planning weekly training is an effective method to monitor training load in relation to performance profile. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Exercise , Athletic Performance , Geographic Information Systems , Athletic Injuries , Multivariate Analysis , Spain
4.
Rev Esp Quimioter ; 33(6): 466-484, 2020 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33070578

ABSTRACT

The high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 before and shortly after the onset of symptoms suggests that only diagnosing and isolating symptomatic patients may not be sufficient to interrupt the spread of infection; therefore, public health measures such as personal distancing are also necessary. Additionally, it will be important to detect the newly infected individuals who remain asymptomatic, which may account for 50% or more of the cases. Molecular techniques are the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the massive use of these techniques has generated some problems. On the one hand, the scarcity of resources (analyzers, fungibles and reagents), and on the other the delay in the notification of results. These two facts translate into a lag in the application of isolation measures among cases and contacts, which favors the spread of the infection. Antigen detection tests are also direct diagnostic methods, with the advantage of obtaining the result in a few minutes and at the very "pointof-care". Furthermore, the simplicity and low cost of these tests allow them to be repeated on successive days in certain clinical settings. The sensitivity of antigen tests is generally lower than that of nucleic acid tests, although their specificity is comparable. Antigenic tests have been shown to be more valid in the days around the onset of symptoms, when the viral load in the nasopharynx is higher. Having a rapid and real-time viral detection assay such as the antigen test has been shown to be more useful to control the spread of the infection than more sensitive tests, but with greater cost and response time, such as in case of molecular tests. The main health institutions such as the WHO, the CDC and the Ministry of Health of the Government of Spain propose the use of antigenic tests in a wide variety of strategies to respond to the pandemic. This document aims to support physicians involved in the care of patients with suspected SC2 infection, in the context of a growing incidence in Spain since September 2020, which already represents the second pandemic wave of COVID-19.


Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/blood , COVID-19 Serological Testing/methods , COVID-19/diagnosis , Consensus , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Algorithms , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/mortality , COVID-19/transmission , COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing/standards , COVID-19 Serological Testing/standards , Child , Child, Preschool , Contact Tracing , Emergencies , Female , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Nasopharynx/virology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Spain/epidemiology , Specimen Handling/methods , Specimen Handling/standards , Young Adult
5.
Clin Transl Oncol ; 22(11): 1976-1991, 2020 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32418154

ABSTRACT

In this update of the consensus of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica-SEOM) and the Spanish Society of Pathology (Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica-SEAP), advances in the analysis of biomarkers in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) as well as susceptibility markers of hereditary CRC and molecular biomarkers of localized CRC are reviewed. Recently published information on the essential determination of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations and the convenience of determining the amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), the expression of proteins in the DNA repair pathway and the study of NTRK fusions are also evaluated. From the pathological point of view, the importance of analysing the tumour budding and poorly differentiated clusters, and its prognostic value in CRC is reviewed, as well as the impact of molecular lymph node analysis on lymph node staging in CRC. The incorporation of pan-genomic technologies, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and liquid biopsy in the clinical management of patients with CRC is also outlined. All these aspects are developed in this guide, which, like the previous one, will remain open to any necessary revision in the future.


Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Consensus , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing , Humans , Liquid Biopsy , Medical Oncology , Mutation , Pathology , Societies, Medical , Spain
6.
Ann Oncol ; 29(1): 200-208, 2018 01 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29186353

ABSTRACT

Background: Reported prevalence of driver gene mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is highly variable and clinical correlations are emerging. Using NSCLC biomaterial and clinical data from the European Thoracic Oncology Platform Lungscape iBiobank, we explore the epidemiology of mutations and association to clinicopathologic features and patient outcome (relapse-free survival, time-to-relapse, overall survival). Methods: Clinically annotated, resected stage I-III NSCLC FFPE tissue was assessed for gene mutation using a microfluidics-based multiplex PCR platform. Mutant-allele detection sensitivity is >1% for most of the ∼150 (13 genes) mutations covered in the multiplex test. Results: Multiplex testing has been carried out in 2063 (76.2%) of the 2709 Lungscape cases (median follow-up 4.8 years). FFPE samples mostly date from 2005 to 2008, yet recently extracted DNA quality and quantity was generally good. Average DNA yield/case was 2.63 µg; 38 cases (1.4%) failed QC and were excluded from study; 95.1% of included cases allowed the complete panel of mutations to be tested. Most common were KRAS, MET, EGFR and PIK3CA mutations with overall prevalence of 23.0%, 6.8%, 5.4% and 4.9%, respectively. KRAS and EGFR mutations were significantly more frequent in adenocarcinomas: PIK3CA in squamous cell carcinomas. MET mutation prevalence did not differ between histology groups. EGFR mutations were found predominantly in never smokers; KRAS in current/former smokers. For all the above mutations, there was no difference in outcome between mutated and non-mutated cases. Conclusion: Archival FFPE NSCLC material is adequate for multiplex mutation analysis. In this large, predominantly European, clinically annotated stage I-III NSCLC cohort, none of the mutations characterized showed prognostic significance.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Mutation , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase/biosynthesis , Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase/genetics , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , DNA Mutational Analysis/methods , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Neoplasm Staging , Prevalence , Progression-Free Survival , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/biosynthesis , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/genetics , Smoking/genetics , Young Adult
7.
Oncogene ; 36(41): 5695-5708, 2017 10 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28581514

ABSTRACT

Despite the promising targeted and immune-based interventions in melanoma treatment, long-lasting responses are limited. Melanoma cells present an aberrant redox state that leads to the production of toxic aldehydes that must be converted into less reactive molecules. Targeting the detoxification machinery constitutes a novel therapeutic avenue for melanoma. Here, using 56 cell lines representing nine different tumor types, we demonstrate that melanoma cells exhibit a strong correlation between reactive oxygen species amounts and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity. We found that ALDH1A3 is upregulated by epigenetic mechanisms in melanoma cells compared with normal melanocytes. Furthermore, it is highly expressed in a large percentage of human nevi and melanomas during melanocyte transformation, which is consistent with the data from the TCGA, CCLE and protein atlas databases. Melanoma treatment with the novel irreversible isoform-specific ALDH1 inhibitor [4-dimethylamino-4-methyl-pent-2-ynthioic acid-S methylester] di-methyl-ampal-thio-ester (DIMATE) or depletion of ALDH1A1 and/or ALDH1A3, promoted the accumulation of apoptogenic aldehydes leading to apoptosis and tumor growth inhibition in immunocompetent, immunosuppressed and patient-derived xenograft mouse models. Interestingly, DIMATE also targeted the slow cycling label-retaining tumor cell population containing the tumorigenic and chemoresistant cells. Our findings suggest that aldehyde detoxification is relevant metabolic mechanism in melanoma cells, which can be used as a novel approach for melanoma treatment.


Subject(s)
Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/genetics , Alkynes/administration & dosage , Melanocytes/drug effects , Melanoma/drug therapy , Sulfhydryl Compounds/administration & dosage , Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/antagonists & inhibitors , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics , Epigenesis, Genetic , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , Melanocytes/pathology , Melanoma/genetics , Melanoma/pathology , Mice , Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects , Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
8.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis ; 88(2): 141-144, 2017 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28366609

ABSTRACT

Candins are commonly used as initial therapy in patients with candidemia and are known to diffuse poorly into ocular tissue. The aim of our multicenter study was to assess whether eye involvement was more common in patients initially treated with echinocandins. We performed a post hoc analysis of a prospective, multicenter, population-based candidemic surveillance program implemented in Spain during 2010-2011 (CANDIPOP project). Eye involvement was detected in 13 of 168 patients with candidemia (7.7%) who underwent ophthalmoscopy. Two patients had endophthalmitis, while the remaining patients had chorioretinitis. The frequency of ocular candidiasis was similar in patients receiving initial therapy with candins (3/56; 5.4%) or with other regimens (10/112; 8.9%). At multivariate analysis, risk conditions for eye involvement were dialysis after candidemia (OR, 19.4; 95% CI, 1.7-218.4) and involvement of organs other than the eye (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 1.1-25.7). In conclusion, eye involvement was not found to be more frequent in patients receiving initial therapy with echinocandins than in patients receiving other drugs.


Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Candidemia/drug therapy , Echinocandins/therapeutic use , Eye Infections, Fungal/etiology , Chorioretinitis/microbiology , Endophthalmitis/microbiology , Eye Infections, Fungal/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Fungal/microbiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Spain
9.
HIV Med ; 18(6): 419-429, 2017 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28000338

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: International health agencies have promoted nontargeted universal (opt-out) HIV screening tests in different settings, including emergency departments (EDs). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the testing uptake of strategies (opt-in targeted, opt-in nontargeted and opt-out) to detect new cases of HIV infection in EDs. METHODS: We searched the Pubmed and Embase databases, from 1984 to April 2015, for opt-in and opt-out HIV diagnostic strategies used in EDs. Randomized controlled or quasi experimental studies were included. We assessed the percentage of positive individuals tested for HIV infection in each programme (opt-in and opt-out strategies). The mean percentage was estimated by combining studies in a random-effect meta-analysis. The percentages of individuals tested in the programmes were compared in a random-effect meta-regression model. Data were analysed using stata version 12. Quality assessments were performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: Of the 90 papers identified, 28 were eligible for inclusion. Eight trials used opt-out, 18 trials used opt-in, and two trials used both to detect new cases of HIV infection. The test was accepted and taken by 75 155 of 172 237 patients (44%) in the opt-out strategy, and 73 581 of 382 992 patients (19%) in the opt-in strategy. The prevalence of HIV infection detected by the opt-out strategy was 0.40% (373 cases), that detected by the opt-in nontargeted strategy was 0.52% (419 cases), and that detected by the opt-in targeted strategy was 1.06% (52 cases). CONCLUSIONS: In this meta-analysis, the testing uptake of the opt-out strategy was not different from that of the opt-in strategy to detect new cases of HIV infection in EDs.


Subject(s)
HIV Infections/diagnosis , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Mass Screening/methods , Emergency Service, Hospital , Female , Humans , Male , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
11.
Histol Histopathol ; 29(6): 721-30, 2014 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24217963

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Schwannomas are benign nerve sheath tumors that only very rarely undergo malignant changes. Oncogenic-induced senescence is a defense mechanism against such malignant transformation. Different molecular pathways are involved in this process, such as RAS-RAF-MAPK. Based on the fact that the RAS-RAF-MAPK pathway is known to be activated in peripheral nerve sheath tumors, this study analyzes senescence markers in Schwannomas to demonstrate the possible role of senescence in their genesis. METHODS: A retrospective immunohistochemical study was done in 39 schwannoma and 18 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST). Staining for p16INK4a, Ki67, p53 and CyclinD1 was performed in all the cases. Additionally, ß-galactosidase staining was done in those cases in which frozen tissue was available (n=8). RESULTS: Higher levels of p16INK4a (p=0.0001) and lower levels of Ki67 (p=0.0001) were found in Schwannomas. Beta-galactosidase activity was positive in 5/5 Schwannomas and negative in 3/3 MPNST. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the senescence nature of Schwannomas and the absence of a senescence phenotype in MPNST.


Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Neurilemmoma/pathology , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Aged , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology , Female , Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neurilemmoma/metabolism , Phenotype , Retrospective Studies , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/metabolism , Young Adult
12.
J Hum Nutr Diet ; 26 Suppl 1: 16-22, 2013 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23656492

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to assess the association of obesity and malnutrition with the mortality of hospitalised patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the risk of readmission in <30 days. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of consecutive patients admitted with COPD as the primary reason for discharge in Spain between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2007 was performed. Patients with a diagnosis of obesity or malnutrition in the hospital discharge clinical report were identified. The in-hospital mortality and re-admittance 30 days after discharge indices of obese and malnourished patients were compared against the subpopulation without these diagnoses. RESULTS: Of the 313 233 COPD admittances analysed, there were 22 582 (7.2%) diagnoses of obesity and 6354 (2.0%) diagnoses of malnutrition. In-hospital global mortality and the re-admittance risk were 12.0% and 16.7%, respectively. Obese patients showed a lower in-hospital mortality risk [odds ratio (OR) = 0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.49-0.55] and early re-admittance risk (OR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.85-0.92) compared to non-obese patients. Malnourished patients had a much higher risk of death when in hospital (OR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.62-1.85) or of being re-admitted within 30 days after discharge (OR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.22-1.38), even after adjusting for possible confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity in patients hospitalised for COPD substantially reduces in-hospital mortality risk and the possibility of early re-admittance. Malnutrition is associated with an important increase in in-hospital mortality and risk of re-admittance in the 30 days following discharge.


Subject(s)
Malnutrition/complications , Obesity/complications , Patient Readmission , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Incidence , Male , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Obesity/epidemiology , Odds Ratio , Patient Discharge , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/mortality , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
13.
Oncogene ; 32(45): 5261-71, 2013 Nov 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23318434

ABSTRACT

The tyrosine kinase c-Abl (or Abl) and the prolyl-isomerase Pin1 cooperatively activate the transcription factor p73 by enhancing recruitment of the acetyltransferase p300. As the transcription factor c-Myc (or Myc) is a known target of Pin1 and p300, we hypothesized that it might be regulated in a similar manner. Consistent with this hypothesis, overexpression of Pin1 augmented the interaction of Myc with p300 and transcriptional activity. The action of Abl, however, was more complex than predicted. On one hand, Abl indirectly enhanced phosphorylation of Myc on Ser 62 and Thr 58, its association with Pin1 and p300 and its acetylation by p300. These effects of Abl were exerted through phosphorylation of substrate(s) other than Myc itself. On the other hand, Abl interacted with the C-terminal domain of Myc and phosphorylated up to five tyrosine residues in its N-terminus, the principal of which was Y74. Indirect immunofluorescence or immunohistochemical staining suggested that the Y74-phosphorylated form of Myc (Myc-pY74) localized to the cytoplasm and coexisted either with active Abl in a subset of mammary carcinomas or with Bcr-Abl in chronic myeloid leukemia. In all instances, Myc-pY74 constituted a minor fraction of the cellular Myc protein. Thus, our data unravel two potential effects of Abl on Myc: first, Abl signaling can indirectly augment acetylation of Myc by p300, and most likely also its transcriptional activity in the nucleus; second, Abl can directly phosphorylate Myc on tyrosine: the resulting form of Myc appears to be cytoplasmic, and its presence correlates with Abl activation in cancer.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl/metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism , Acetylation , Animals , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , E1A-Associated p300 Protein/metabolism , Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism , HEK293 Cells , HeLa Cells , Humans , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics , Mice , NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase , Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/metabolism , Phosphorylation , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics , RNA Interference , RNA, Small Interfering , Signal Transduction
14.
Int J Cancer ; 133(1): 235-46, 2013 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23292912

ABSTRACT

In this work, we have analyzed the expression of different members of the ErbB family in human samples of testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs). We observed expression of ErbB1 or ErbB2 in different tumor subtypes, but we also found high expression of ErbB3 in all GCTs tested. This pattern of expression was maintained when primary tumors were orthotopically implanted in nude mice. We have chosen a choriocarcinoma model characterized by high levels of ErbB1, but also of ErbB2 and ErbB3, to assay the in vivo effect of ErbB inhibitors on tumoral growth. Our results showed a complete lack of effect (refractoriness) to the pure ErbB1 receptor inhibitors cetuximab and gefitinib. While these inhibitors blocked ErbB1 phosphorylation, ErbB2 phosphorylation was not affected, suggesting an ErbB1-independent activation of this receptor. To confirm the importance of ErbB2 activation, animals were treated with lapatinib, a dual ErbB1 and ErbB2 inhibitor. Lapatinib treatment caused a 50% inhibition in tumor growth, an effect correlated with a blockade of both ErbB1 and ErbB2 phosphorylation levels, and of downstream signaling pathways (Akt, ERKs and Stat3). ErbB2 activation could still occur due to the formation of ErbB2/ErbB3 heterodimers, and ErbB3 activation was completely inhibited by lapatinib. Finally, combined inhibition of ErbB1 (gefitinib) and ErbB3 activities (knockdown expression by shRNA) inhibited tumoral testicular cells proliferation in a similar way to lapatinib. Our results explain why lapatinib but not anti-ErbB1 agents might be effective for treatment of testicular GCT patients.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors , Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/drug therapy , Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/metabolism , Quinazolines/pharmacology , Testicular Neoplasms/drug therapy , Testicular Neoplasms/metabolism , Animals , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology , Blotting, Western , Carcinoma, Embryonal/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Embryonal/metabolism , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cetuximab , Choriocarcinoma/drug therapy , Choriocarcinoma/metabolism , Endodermal Sinus Tumor/drug therapy , Endodermal Sinus Tumor/metabolism , ErbB Receptors/metabolism , Gefitinib , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects , Humans , Immunoprecipitation , Lapatinib , Male , Mice , Mice, Nude , Neoplasms, Experimental , Phosphorylation/drug effects , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors , Receptor, ErbB-3/antagonists & inhibitors , Teratocarcinoma/drug therapy , Teratocarcinoma/metabolism , Transplantation, Heterologous
15.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 212(11): 513-519, dic. 2012.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-107507

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Los procedimientos invasivos (PI) se han convertido en técnicas de uso frecuente de las que se benefician un importante número de pacientes al mejorar su calidad de vida o evitarles tratamientos más agresivos. Hemos llevado a cabo un estudio sobre la realización de estos procedimientos en los servicios de Medicina Interna (MI) españoles entre los años 2005 y 2009. Pacientes y métodos. Se analizaron los PI realizados a los pacientes ingresados en los servicios de MI de nuestro país según los datos obtenidos del conjunto mínimo básico de datos (CMBD), Se definieron como procedimientos invasivos la colocación de filtro de vena cava, tubo de tórax, prótesis esofágica, biliar o colónica, la realización de pleurodesis, drenaje biliar externo, nefrostomía, gastrostomía percutánea, toracocentesis, o inserción de catéter peritoneal. Resultados. Durante este período se registraron un total de 75.853 procedimientos en 70.239 episodios de ingreso sobre 2.766.673 pacientes (2,5%). Los pacientes a los que se realiza PI son más jóvenes (68,1 años vs 71,4; p<0,001), con más frecuencia son varones (61,9 vs 53,2%; p<0,001), tienen una mortalidad mayor (14,6 vs 9,9%; p<0,001) y están más tiempo ingresados (18,4 días vs 9,6; p<0,001). El coste de ingreso es muy superior al de los que no son sometidos al mismo (5.600€ vs 3.835€; p<0,001). Conclusiones. Los PI se realizan en un bajo porcentaje de pacientes ingresados en MI. Se trata de procesos que conllevan alto gasto, estancia media y mortalidad comparada con la media de la población ingresada en MI. Un alto porcentaje de pacientes sometidos a PI padecen afección tumoral, en muchos casos avanzada, lo que justifica su elevada mortalidad intrahospitalaria(AU)


Aims. Invasive procedures (IP) have become routine techniques that benefit an important number of patients on improving their quality of life or avoiding more aggressive treatments. We have conducted a study on the IPs performed in Spanish Internal Medicine (IM) Departments between 2005 and 2009. Patients and methods. IP performed to patients admitted to Spanish Internal Medicine departments were analyzed based on the information obtained from the Minimum Basis Data Set (CMBD). IP was defined as the following: filter placement in the inferior vena cava, chest tube placement, biliary, esophageal and colon prosthesis placement, pleurodesis, nephrostomy, external biliary drain placement, gastrostomy tube placement, thoracocentesis and peritoneal catheter placement. Results. During the study period, a total of 75,853 invasive procedures on 70,239 admittances were performed in 2,766,673 patients (2.5%). IP subjects were younger (68.1 vs 71.4; P<.001), predominantly male (61.9 vs 53.2%; P<.001), with higher mortality (14.6 vs 9.9%; P<.001) and longer stay (18.4 vs 9.6 days; P<0.001). Cost of admittance was clearly higher than the rest of the patients (5,600€ vs 3,835€; P<.001). Conclusions. IPs are performed on a low percentage of IM Department hospitalized patients. They are costly, entail high mortality and a longer stay period compared to the mean population admitted to IM. A considerable proportion of the patients receiving IP suffer from neoplastic diseases, frequently in advances stages, which justifies the high inhospital mortality of this population(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Internal Medicine/methods , Internal Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Hospital Mortality/trends , Palliative Care/methods , Palliative Care/organization & administration , Palliative Care/statistics & numerical data , Palliative Care/statistics & numerical data , Comorbidity , Internal Medicine/organization & administration , Internal Medicine/standards , Quality of Life , Palliative Care/standards , Palliative Care/trends , Palliative Care , Palliative Care/methods , Palliative Care/trends , Palliative Care
16.
Rev Clin Esp ; 212(11): 513-9, 2012 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22836024

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Invasive procedures (IP) have become routine techniques that benefit an important number of patients on improving their quality of life or avoiding more aggressive treatments. We have conducted a study on the IPs performed in Spanish Internal Medicine (IM) Departments between 2005 and 2009. PATIENTS AND METHODS: IP performed to patients admitted to Spanish Internal Medicine departments were analyzed based on the information obtained from the Minimum Basis Data Set (CMBD). IP was defined as the following: filter placement in the inferior vena cava, chest tube placement, biliary, esophageal and colon prosthesis placement, pleurodesis, nephrostomy, external biliary drain placement, gastrostomy tube placement, thoracocentesis and peritoneal catheter placement. RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 75,853 invasive procedures on 70,239 admittances were performed in 2,766,673 patients (2.5%). IP subjects were younger (68.1 vs 71.4; P<.001), predominantly male (61.9 vs 53.2%; P<.001), with higher mortality (14.6 vs 9.9%; P<.001) and longer stay (18.4 vs 9.6 days; P<0.001). Cost of admittance was clearly higher than the rest of the patients (5,600€ vs 3,835€; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: IPs are performed on a low percentage of IM Department hospitalized patients. They are costly, entail high mortality and a longer stay period compared to the mean population admitted to IM. A considerable proportion of the patients receiving IP suffer from neoplastic diseases, frequently in advances stages, which justifies the high inhospital mortality of this population.


Subject(s)
Hospital Departments/statistics & numerical data , Internal Medicine , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Surgical Procedures, Operative/statistics & numerical data , Age Distribution , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Databases, Factual , Female , Hospital Costs/statistics & numerical data , Hospital Departments/economics , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Distribution , Spain , Surgical Procedures, Operative/economics , Surgical Procedures, Operative/mortality
17.
Eur Respir J ; 39(1): 46-50, 2012 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21659418

ABSTRACT

Differences in hospital staffing may influence outcomes for patients with acute conditions, including acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depending on which day of the week the patients are admitted. This study was conducted to determine whether weekend admission increases the risk of dying in hospital. We analysed the clinical data of 289,077 adults with acute exacerbations of COPD admitted to the hospital at any public centre in Spain, during 2006 and 2007. We analysed the following factors for their association with death rate: day of admission, demographics, medical history and comorbidity. During the study period, there were 35,544 (12.4%) deaths during admission in COPD patients. Weekend admissions were associated with a significantly higher in-hospital mortality (12.9%) than weekday admissions (12.1%) among COPD patients (OR 1.07 (95% CI 1.04-1.10)). The differences in mortality persisted after adjustment for age, sex and coexisting disorders (OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.02-1.08)). Analyses of deaths within 2 days after admission showed larger relative differences in mortality between the weekend and weekday admissions (OR 1.17 (95% CI 1.11-1.23)). We conclude that patients with acute exacerbations of COPD are more likely to die in the hospital if they are admitted on a weekend compared with a weekday.


Subject(s)
Hospitalization , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/mortality , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Aged , Female , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Length of Stay , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Admission , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Spain , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Work Schedule Tolerance
18.
Curr Med Chem ; 19(5): 661-74, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22204339

ABSTRACT

Potassium channels (KCh) are a diverse group of membrane proteins that participate in the control of the membrane potential. More than eighty different KCh genes have been identified, which are expressed in virtually all living cells. In addition to nerve and cardiac action potentials, these proteins are involved in a number of physiological processes, including cell volume regulation, apoptosis, immunomodulation and differentiation. Furthermore, many KCh have been reported to play a role in proliferation and cell cycle progression in mammalian cells, and an important number of studies report the involvement of KCh in cancer progression. The voltage dependent potassium (Kv) channels, in turn, form the largest family of human KCh, which comprises about 40 genes. Because Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 channels modulate proliferation of different mammalian cells, these proteins have been analyzed in a number of tumors and cancer cells. In most cancers, the expression patterns of Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 are remodeled, and in some cases, a correlation has been established between protein abundance and grade of tumor malignancy. The list of cancers evaluated is constantly growing, indicating that these proteins may be future targets for treatment. The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 channels during cancer development. Unlike Kv1.5, Kv1.3 is characterized by a very selective and potent pharmacology, which could lead to specific pharmacological targeting. Because potassium channels may play a pivotal role in tumor cell proliferation, these proteins should be taken into account when designing new cancer treatment strategies.


Subject(s)
Kv1.3 Potassium Channel/analysis , Kv1.5 Potassium Channel/analysis , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Biomarkers, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Humans , Molecular Targeted Therapy , Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasms/prevention & control
19.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 211(5): 223-232, mayo 2011.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-131390

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Conocer la organización de los servicios de medicina interna (SMI) y la opinión de sus jefes. Material y métodos. En 2008 se envió una encuesta a 410 jefes de SMI de 313 hospitales públicos de España. Incluía un formulario de preguntas estructuradas sobre plantilla, actividad de hospitalización, consulta, interconsultas, investigación y docencia. Además se pedía opinión y sugerencias sobre gestión, proyectos y futuro. Resultados. Se cumplimentaron 68 encuestas (22%). De media un internista hace 3 guardias mensuales y anualmente 200 altas, 500 consultas y 40 interconsultas. El SMI está constituido por 10 internistas y tiene asignadas 1/5 de las camas del hospital. Un tercio de los hospitales tiene alternativas de hospitalización; la más frecuente, cuidados paliativos. La consulta monográfica más habitual es enfermedades infecciosas, 1/3 no tiene estructurada su relación con Atención Primaria y urgencias no depende del SMI. La mitad tiene al menos un residente de MI, 6 de otras especialidades, realiza al menos dos ensayos clínicos y 1/3 participa en formación médica pregraduada. Se detectan problemas de relación con directivos, otras especialidades y población. La excesiva presión asistencial, el envejecimiento y la desmotivación de la plantilla y los problemas sociales tienen efectos negativos. Aún así se desea poner en marcha algún proyecto, existe optimismo respecto al futuro e interés por investigar en epidemiología clínica. Conclusiones. Aunque la muestra es pequeña y heterogénea, el estudio permite conocer la estructura y funcionamiento estándar de un SMI en España, así como sus expectativas de futuro y principales áreas de mejora(AU)


Aims. To know the organization of internal medicine departments (IMD) and the opinion of their heads of department. Methods. In 2008, a survey was mailed to 410 heads of department of the IMD of 313 Spanish public hospitals. It included a standardized structured questionnaire on staff, hospitalization, outpatients, consultation, research and teaching. The heads of departments were also asked for their opinion and suggestions on management, projects and future. Results: Sixty-eight surveys (22%) were filled out. Internists are on call an average of 3 times a month and perform 200 discharges, 500 outpatient visits and 40 consultations in a year. The average IMD consists of 10 internists with one-fifth of the hospital beds. One third of hospitals have alternatives to inpatient care, the most frequent being palliative care. Infectious diseases accounts for the most common monographic outpatient visit, one-third of IMD lack a structured relationship with primary care and the emergency department is independent of IMD. Half of the IMD have at least one IM resident and 6 residents in other specialties; half are involved in at least two clinical trials and one-third train medical students. The heads of the IMD identify problems in their relationship with hospital managers, other specialties and local population. Excessive workload, aging and discouragement of staff and patients’ social problems have negative effects. Even so, they want to initiate projects, are optimistic about the future and take an interest in clinical epidemiology research. Conclusions. Although the sample is small and heterogeneous, it permits a valuable panoramic view of the structure and standard operation of a Spanish IMD as well as their expectations and areas of improvement(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , /methods , /trends , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization/trends , Research/organization & administration , Internship and Residency/statistics & numerical data , Internship and Residency/trends , Internal Medicine/methods , Internal Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Length of Stay/trends , 24419 , Research/statistics & numerical data , Research/trends , Internship and Residency/organization & administration , Internship and Residency/standards , Internal Medicine/trends
20.
Rev Clin Esp ; 211(5): 223-32, 2011 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21496798

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To know the organization of internal medicine departments (IMD) and the opinion of their heads of department. METHODS: In 2008, a survey was mailed to 410 heads of department of the IMD of 313 Spanish public hospitals. It included a standardized structured questionnaire on staff, hospitalization, outpatients, consultation, research and teaching. The heads of departments were also asked for their opinion and suggestions on management, projects and future. RESULTS: Sixty-eight surveys (22%) were filled out. Internists are on call an average of 3 times a month and perform 200 discharges, 500 outpatient visits and 40 consultations in a year. The average IMD consists of 10 internists with one-fifth of the hospital beds. One third of hospitals have alternatives to inpatient care, the most frequent being palliative care. Infectious diseases accounts for the most common monographic outpatient visit, one-third of IMD lack a structured relationship with primary care and the emergency department is independent of IMD. Half of the IMD have at least one IM resident and 6 residents in other specialties; half are involved in at least two clinical trials and one-third train medical students. The heads of the IMD identify problems in their relationship with hospital managers, other specialties and local population. Excessive workload, aging and discouragement of staff and patients' social problems have negative effects. Even so, they want to initiate projects, are optimistic about the future and take an interest in clinical epidemiology research. CONCLUSIONS: Although the sample is small and heterogeneous, it permits a valuable panoramic view of the structure and standard operation of a Spanish IMD as well as their expectations and areas of improvement.


Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Internal Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Public Health , Data Collection , Humans , Societies, Medical , Spain
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