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1.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev ; 17(2): 781-4, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26925680

ABSTRACT

The Plurinational State of Bolivia (Bolivia) has a high incidence rate of gallbladder cancer (GBC). However, the genetic and environmental risk factors for GBC development are not well understood. We aimed to assess whether or not cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1), glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1), theta 1 (GSTT1) and tumor suppressor protein p53 (TP53) genetic polymorphisms modulate GBC susceptibility in Bolivians. This case-control study covered 32 patients with GBC and 86 healthy subjects. GBC was diagnosed on the basis of histological analysis of tissues at the Instituto de Gastroenterologia Boliviano-Japones (IGBJ); the healthy subjects were members of the staff at the IGBJ. Distributions of the CYP1A1 rs1048943 and TP53 rs1042522 polymorphisms were assayed using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms were detected by a multiplex PCR assay. The frequency of the GSTM1 null genotype was significantly higher in GBC patients than in the healthy subjects (odds ratio [OR], 2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-5.37; age-adjusted OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.29-9.66; age- and sex-adjusted OR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.24-9.34). No significant differences were observed in the frequencies of CYP1A1, GSTT1, or TP53 polymorphisms between the two groups. The GSTM1 null genotype was associated with increased GBC risk in Bolivians. Additional studies with larger control and case populations are warranted to confirm the association between the GSTM1 deletion polymorphism and GBC risk suggested in the present study.


Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/genetics , Gallbladder Neoplasms/etiology , Glutathione Transferase/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics , Adult , Bolivia , Case-Control Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Gallbladder/metabolism , Gallbladder/pathology , Gallbladder Neoplasms/pathology , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Prognosis , Risk Factors
2.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev ; 15(13): 5449-54, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25041017

ABSTRACT

Although genetic characteristics are considered to be a factor influencing the geographic variation in the prevalence of gallbladder cancer (GBC), they have not been well studied in Bolivia, which has a high prevalence rate of GBC. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of TP53 and K-ras mutations in Bolivian patients with GBC and to compare them with our previous data obtained in other high-GBC-prevalence countries, namely Japan, Chile, and Hungary. DNA was extracted from cancer sites in paraffin-embedded tissue from 36 patients using a microdissection technique. TP53 mutations at exons 5 to 8 and K-ras mutations at codons 12, 13 and 61 were examined using direct sequencing techniques. The data obtained were compared with those in the other high-GBC-prevalence countries. Of the 36 patients, 18 (50.0%) had a TP53 mutation (one mutation in each of 17 patients and three mutations in one patient), and only one (2.8%) had a K-ras mutation. Of the 20 TP53 mutations, 12 were of the transition type (60.0%). This rate was significantly lower than that in Chile (12/12, P<0.05). In addition, three mutations were of the CpG transition type (15.0%), which is a feature of endogenous mutation. All three were found in the hot spot region of the TP53 gene. In contrast, G:C to T:A transversion was found in Bolivia, suggesting the presence of exogenous carcinogens. Our findings suggest that the development of GBC in Bolivia is associated with both exogenous carcinogens and endogenous mechanisms. The identification of an environmental risk factor for GBC is needed to confirm these findings.


Subject(s)
Gallbladder Neoplasms/genetics , Genes, p53/genetics , Genes, ras/genetics , Mutation/genetics , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bolivia , Codon/genetics , Exons/genetics , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors
3.
Ginecol. & obstet ; 57(2): 113-116, abr.-jun. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1108740

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la factibilidad, seguridad y eficacia de la corrección quirúrgica del prolapso total de cúpula vaginal (prolapso vaginal completo) por vía transvaginal usando malla de polipropileno fabricadas artesanalmente. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, transversal. Institución: Hospital IV Huancayo, EsSalud, Perú. Participantes: Pacientes con diagnóstico de prolapso total de cúpula vaginal y antecedente de histerectomía. Intervenciones: Se revisa las historias clínicas de cinco pacientes con diagnóstico de prolapso total de cúpula vaginal y antecedentes de histerectomía, operados en el Servicio de Ginecología del Hospital IV Huancayo, EsSalud, entre octubre de 2009 y junio de 2010. En todos los casos se realizó corrección quirúrgica de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo, del prolapso posterior y del prolapso total de cúpula vaginal por vía transvaginal, utilizando material protésico, con mallas de polipropileno preparadas artesanalmente; para el prolapso anterior usamos mallas preparadas por una casa comercial. Principales medidas de resultados: Corrección exitosa del prolapso de la cúpula vaginal. Resultados: Se logró una corrección exitosa en los cinco casos; no hubo complicaciones intraoperatorias ni en el postoperatorio inmediato y mediato. El tiempo operatorio fluctuó entre 75 y 90 minutos. La evolución postoperatoria mediata fue satisfactoria y a la fecha no existen recidivas. Todas las pacientes expresaron su entera satisfacción frente a los resultados logrados. Conclusiones: La corrección quirúrgica del prolapso total de cúpula con el uso de material protésico (malla de polipropileno) artesanal es factible, seguro y eficaz y con menor costo. El seguimiento a largo plazo permitirá valorar esta técnica.


To determine the feasibility, safety and efficacy of transvaginal surgical repair of total vaginal vault prolapse using polypropylene handicraft mesh. Design: Descriptive, retrospective, transversal study. Setting: Hospital IV Huancayo, EsSalud, Peru. Patients: Patients with diagnosis of total vaginal vault prolapse and previous hysterectomy. Interventions: Between October 2009 and June 2010 medical records of five patients with diagnosis of total vaginal vault prolapse and history of hysterectomy were reviewed. All patients underwent transvaginal surgical correction of total vaginal vault prolapse using polypropylene handicraft prosthetic mesh. Main outcome measures: Successful repair of vaginal vault prolapse. Results: Successful repair was obtained in all cases with no complications during surgery or in the postoperative period. Operative time ranged between 75 and 90 minutes. There are no recurrences to date. All patients expressed their total satisfaction with the results achieved. Conclusions: Surgical repair of total vaginal vault prolapse with use of handicraft prosthetic material (polypropylene mesh) is feasible, safe and effective and with less cost. Long-term results will allow us to know excellence of this technique.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Hysterectomy , Urinary Incontinence, Stress , Polypropylenes , Uterine Prolapse , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies
4.
Rev. peru. ginecol. obstet. (En línea) ; 57(4): 259-265, 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1050149

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El cáncer de cérvix es la causa más frecuente de muerte en la sierra central peruana. El tratamiento quirúrgico (histerectomía total laparoscópica e histerectomía radical más linfadenectomía pélvica laparoscópica) es el recurso terapéutico mayormente curativo en los estadios iníciales (Ia1, Ia2 y Ib1). Hace un año en el Servicio de Ginecología del Hospital IV Huancayo iniciamos el tratamiento quirúrgico laparoscópico en estos estadios. Objetivos: Revisar los resultados de histerectomía laparoscópica en cáncer microinvasivo de cuello uterino. Diseño: Estudio retrospectivo. Institución: Servicio de Ginecología, Hospital IV Huancayo, EsSalud, Junín, Perú. Pacientes: Doce mujeres sometidas a histerectomía laparoscópica por carcinoma microinvasivo de cérvix. Intervenciones: En seis mujeres con diagnóstico preoperatorio de cáncer de cérvix por conización cervical y estadio clínico Ia1 se les realizó histerectomía laparoscópica, con un tiempo operatorio de 59,16 minutos y tiempo de estancia hospitalaria de 4,1 días. A otras seis mujeres con estadio clínico Ia2-Ib1 se les realizó histerectomía radical más linfadenectomía pélvica laparoscópica, con un tiempo operatorio de 3 horas 58 minutos y tiempo de estancia hospitalaria de 10,1 días. Principales medidas de resultados: Curación clínica. Resultados: Todos los diagnósticos fueron confirmados con la pieza operatoria, y todas las pacientes estaban teóricamente curadas (márgenes libres, ganglios negativos); una paciente presentó complicaciones, requiriendo estancia prolongada (8,3%). Conclusiones: La histerectomía total laparoscópica y la histerectomía radical más linfadenectomía pélvica laparoscópica pueden ser realizadas de manera más rápida y radical con respecto a la histerectomía convencional por laparotomía. Ambas son intervenciones factibles y seguras, que pueden garantizar la curación en el carcinoma microinvasivo de cuello uterino.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Laparoscopy , Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital , Hysterectomy
5.
Ginecol. & obstet ; 49(2): 134-136, abr.-jun. 2003. ilus
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1108615

ABSTRACT

El cistosarcoma filoides es una rara variante de cáncer de mama, que se forma a partir del estroma (tejido conectivo) de mama, en contraste con los carcinomas, que se desarrollan en los conductos o lóbulos. Los tumores filoides suelen ser benignos, pero en raras ocasiones pueden ser malignos (con posibilidad de propagarse). Informamos sobre una paciente con esta patología, que fue referida a nuestro centro por presentar tumoración y dolor en mama derecha, de 15 años de evolución, cuyo diagnóstico fue sospechado por hallazgos de ultrasonido y mamografía, encontrándose en sala de operaciones una tumoración de 20 cm de diámetro, lo que fue confirmada por anatomía patológica.


Phyllodes cystosarcoma is a rare variant of breast cancer originating from breast stroma (connective tissue), in contrast with carcinomas that develop in ducts or lobules. Phyllodes tumors are usually bening, but on occasions may be malignant (with spreading potential). We report on a patient with this pathology referred to our hospital because of right breast tumor and pain of 15 years evolution. Diagnosis was suspected by ultrasound and mammogram findings. On surgery, a 20 cm in diameter tumor was found and diagnosis was confirmed by pathology.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Aged , Mammography , Breast Neoplasms , Phyllodes Tumor
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