ABSTRACT
El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer el programa de formación que reciben los pacientes en Diálisis Peritoneal (DP) domiciliaria en España. Para el estudio se diseñó una encuesta con 50 preguntas cerradas y una abierta. Se envió a 104 hospitales y se obtuvo una participación del 78,84% (n = 82).La media de pacientes en DP en los centros encuestados fue de 27,6 pacientes: 15,8 en Diálisis Peritoneal Ambulatoria Continúa (DPCA) y 11,8 en Diálisis Peritoneal Automática(DPA).Con el resto de las preguntas investigamos sobre la metodología de enseñanza en las diferentes unidades, la implicación de la familia en los planes de formación, los conocimientos básicos que se daban al paciente sobre la Enfermedad Renal Crónica, las actividades necesarias para la realización del tratamiento, y la preparación que se proporciona para que puedan solucionar pequeñas eventualidades o emergencias y mejorar su calidad de vida. Se evaluó el plan de formación de los pacientes autosuficientes que estuvieran en DPA y por último, se dejó un apartado donde los diferentes centros añadieran aquello que no recogiera la encuesta. Con los resultados obtenidos pudimos concluir que en la mayoría de los centros de España existe un plan de formación en DP que puede capacitar a los pacientes o al cuidador informa la realizar el tratamiento de forma segura en su domicilio, proporcionarle los conocimientos básicos sobre la enfermedad y las actividades rutinarias para el tratamiento, poder solventar eventualidades y emergencias, así como mejorar su calidad de vida estando en diálisis (AU)
The objective of the present study is to obtain information about the training programme for patients undergoing Domiciliary Peritoneal Dialysis (DPD) in Spain. For the purposes of the study we designed a questionnaire comprising50 closed-ended items and one open response item. The questionnaire was sent to 104 hospitals and was completed by78.84% of them (n = 82).The average of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) in the hospitals under study was 27.6: 15.8 of them receiving Chronic Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) and 11.8 Automatic Peritoneal Dialysis (APD).The questionnaire also served to investigate into the training methodology used in the different units, the involvement of the family in the programme, the basic knowledge patients received about Chronic Renal Insufficiency, the procedures associated with the therapy and the preparation they obtained to solve small-scale contingencies and emergency situations as well as the improvement of their quality of life. We also evaluated the training programme of autonomous patients on DPD and at the end of the questionnaire a blank space was left for facilities to add any comments or suggestions they considered relevant. From the results obtained we may conclude that most Spanish hospitals have devised a training planning for patients undergoing PD which helps them or caregivers to perform domiciliary treatment safely, provides them with basic knowledge about the disease and the routine procedures associated with the treatment, enables them to cope with contingencies and emergency situations and improves their quality of life during the dialysis period (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , /methods , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Caregivers/educationABSTRACT
The objective of the present study is to obtain information about the training programme for patients undergoing Domiciliary Peritoneal Dialysis (DPD) in Spain. For the purposes of the study we designed a questionnaire comprising 50 closed-ended items and one open response item. The questionnaire was sent to 104 hospitals and was completed by 78.84% of them (n > or = 82). The average of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) in the hospitals under study was 27.6: 15.8 of them receiving Chronic Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) and 11.8 Automatic Peritoneal Dialysis (APD). The questionnaire also served to investigate into the training methodology used in the different units, the involvement of the family in the programme, the basic knowledge patients received about Chronic Renal Insufficiency, the procedures associated with the therapy and the preparation they obtained to solve small-scale contingencies and emergency situations as well as the improvement of their quality of life. We also evaluated the training programme of autonomous patients on DPD and at the end of the questionnaire a blank space was left for facilities to add any comments or suggestions they considered relevant. From the results obtained we may conclude that most Spanish hospitals have devised a training planning for patients undergoing PD which helps them or caregivers to perform domiciliary treatment safely, provides them with basic knowledge about the disease and the routine procedures associated with the treatment, enables them to cope with contingencies and emergency situations and improves their quality of life during the dialysis period.
Subject(s)
Patient Education as Topic , Peritoneal Dialysis , Hemodialysis, Home , Humans , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The low-protein diet (LPD) is used in patients with advanced chronic renal failure (CRF) to improve their symptoms and decrease the progression of CRF. LPD entails the risk for caloric malnutrition, which increases protein catabolism. Two groups were obtained from a total of 33 patients with CRF with LPD (0.6 g protein/kg/day): control group (group C), which went on with the same diet, and a group S, in which a portion of proteins and calories were provided through a low-protein and hypercaloric supplement (Suplena). During 6 months the protein intake and the evolution of the nutritional status and renal function were studied and compared between both groups. Additionally, tolerance and secondary effects of the supplement were studied in group S. Twenty-two patients (eleven in each group) completed the six month follow-up. At the end of the study, group S had the nutritional parameters better preserved, came closer to the low-protein diet objective, had a better compliance with therapy and had a less marked decrease in renal function--as measured by creatinine clearance--than group C. Tolerance to supplement was good in more than 70% of patients and secondary effects--nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite--occurred in 18% of patients at the end of the 6 months. We conclude that the use of this supplement in an LPD is usually well tolerated, enhances the compliance with the diet and can be of benefit for the mebacolic-nutritional status.
