Hiperplasia verrugosa / No disponible

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Prevalencia de alteraciones bucodentales del paciente con parálisis cerebral y otras comorbilidades / Prevalence of oral alterations the patient with cerebral palsy and other co-morbidities

El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la preval prevalencia de caries, bruxismo y babeo enuna muestra de 96 pacientes con parálisis cerebral infantil (PCI). La PCI es una disfunción no progresiva del sistema nervioso central cuando aún no ha alcanzado sumadurez. La PCI presenta como características bucodentales una alta prevalencia decaries, bruxismo y babeo. Asocian con frecuencia epilepsia así como prematuridad y bajo peso al nacimiento. Pacientes y método: Se llevó a cabo unestudio retrospectivo y transversal sobreniños con PCI después del tratamiento bucodental con anestesia general. Tambiénse determinaron la prevalencia de epilepsia, prematuridad y bajo peso al nacer. RESULTADOS:El cod/ CAOD promedio fue de 6,7. Entre los hábitos parafuncionales, losmás frecuentes fueron el bruxismo que apareció en más de la mitad de los consultados (57,3%) así como la respiración bucal (57,3%) y el babeo (54,4%). Se asoció epilepsia en un 43,7% de los pacientes. Fueron prematuros el 46,8 % de los pacientes con PCI y presentaron bajo peso al nacer el37,5%. CONCLUSIONES: Se encontró una alta prevalencia de caries, bruxismo, respiraciónbucal, babeo, epilepsia y prematuridad en los niños con PCI del estudio presentado

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tooth decay, bruxism and drooling in a sample of 96 patients with cerebralpalsy (ICP). ICP is a non-progressive dysfunction of the central nervous system when it has not yet matured. The ICP pre-sents as oral features a high prevalence oftooth decay, bruxism, and drooling. It is fre-quently associated with epilepsy as well asprematurity and low birth weight. PATIENTS AND METHOD: It conducted a retrospective and cross-sectional study onchildren with ICP after dental treatment under general anesthesia. We also asses-sed the prevalence of epilepsy, prematurityand low birth weight. RESULTS: The dft /DMFT was 6.7. The most frequent parafunctional habits were bruxism(57.3%), mouth breathing (57.3%) and drooling (54.4%). Epilepsy was associated in 43.7% of patients. Premature were 46.8% of patients with ICP and low weight at birth 37.5%. CONCLUSIONS:We found a high prevalence of tooth decay, bruxism, mouth breathing, drooling, epilepsy and prematurity in ICP

Hemangioma cavernoso. A propósito de un caso / Cavernous Haemangioma. A case report

Entre las anomalías vasculares se diferencian dos grandes grupos: Los tumores vasculares (hemangiomas) y las malformaciones vasculares (arteriovenosas, capilares y linfáticas).Generalmente se manifiestan en la cabeza y el cuello (80%). Razón por laque deben ser lesiones ampliamente conocidas en la práctica odontoestomatológica. La causa de las malformaciones arteriovenosas es desconocida, sin embargo estudios han revelado que pueden desarrollarse en el embarazo o poco después del nacimiento. Su aspecto clínico depende de la profundidad en la que se manifieste la lesión. Cuando se presenta de forma superficial su diagnóstico es sencillo, en la mayoría de los casos. Sin embargo en ocasiones, cuando se encuentra en planos profundos, y externamente están recubiertos por piel normal, se hacen necesarios exámenes complementarios para obtener un diagnóstico por imagen. Los hemangiomas óseos mandibulares son tumores benignos pero peligrosos por el riesgo de ocasionar hemorragias profusas y (..) (AU)

Among the vascular anomalies two large groups are differentiated: Vascular tumours (haemangiomas) and the Vascular Malformations (arteriovenous, capillaries, lymphatic),generally presenting in the head and neck(80%), for which reason they must be widely known lesions in odontostomatology practice. The cause of arteriovenous malformations is unknown; however, studies have revealed that they may be developed during pregnancy or shortly after birth. Their clinical appearance depends on the depth in which the lesion is located. When it presents superficially, its diagnosis is simple, in the majority of the cases. however, upon occasion, when they are found in deep planes, and are externally covered by normal skin, complementary examinations are necessary (..) (AU)

Queilitis actinica / No disponible

La queilitis actínica es una lesión que predispone al carcinoma labial que afecta predominantemente al labio inferior. Se da con mayor frecuencia en varones de raza blanca, de más de50 años, fumadores y con una historia de exposición crónica al sol, siendo éstos los factores etiopatogénicos más importantes. Es una variante clínica de las denominadas queratosis actínicas, pero localizada en semimucosa labial. Inicialmente los cambios son lentos, de forma que el paciente no se percata de las lesiones y no consulta por ello. Los cambios precoces son: el vermellón sufre una atrofia, pueden aparecer áreas pálidas y en ocasiones un borramiento de la interlínea mucosa. Progresivamente aparecen áreas ásperas y descamadas, placas leucoplásicas y si se realiza arrancamiento de las zonas descamadas se produce recidiva. Finalmente se llegan a observar ulceraciones crónicas focales, que se exarcerban con traumas externos (cigarrillo o pipa). Si la evolución continúa puede progresar a carcinoma (6-10%). Dentro del diagnóstico diferencial incluimos cualquier inflamación de los labios originada por lesiones, agentes externos o enfermedades que afecten a los mismos: fármacos, psoriasis, leucoqueratosis... Es preciso biopsiar las lesiones sospechosas y realizar un estudio histopatológico para realizar el diagnóstico diferencial con el carcinoma epidermoide microinfiltrante. En cuanto a las opciones terapéuticas, se considera importante la actitud preventiva: limpieza rigurosa del labio, evitar mordisqueos, y otros traumatismos, evitar comidas y bebidas muy calientes, pantalla absorbente de rayos UV, evitar alcohol y tabaco. Todas las posibilidades terapéuticas que se emplean hoy en día consisten en la eliminación del epitelio enfermo. Se puede emplear crioterapia, electrocoagulación, cirugía ablativa (vermellectomía) quimioterapiatópica con 5-fluoruracilo, terapia fotodinámica con ácido 5- aminolevulínico, láser CO2 o imiquimod (AU)

Consideraciones dentales en el síndrome de maullido de gato: a propósito de tres casos / Dental considerations in cat’s cry syndrome: report of three cases

El síndrome de maullido de gato es una cromosomopatía rara. Se caracteriza por retrasomental, facies característica, malformaciones congénitas y llanto semejante al maullido de un gato. Se presentan tres pacientes con dicho diagnóstico, que tenían policaries y mal oclusiones. Se llevó a cabo el tratamiento dental con anestesia general. Uno de los tres niños presentó una cúspide en garra en 1.2. Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica al respecto, siendo escasas las publicaciones sobre el tema (AU)

The cat’s cry syndrome results from a rare chromosomal anomaly. It includes mental retardation, characteristic features, congenital malformations and a peculiar cat-like cry. We present three patients with cat’s cry syndrome who had much tooth decay and dental malocclusion. The dental treatment was performed under general anaesthesia. One of the three children reported talon cusps. A bibliographic review in this respect is done, publications about this subject being few (AU)

Hallazgos orales en el síndrome de Rubinstein-Taybi: a propósito de dos casos / Oral findings in the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: concerning two cases

El síndrome de Rubinstein-Taybi es una alteración multisistémica genética que cursa con dismorfia facial, y retraso mental y del crecimiento. Este síndrome se caracteriza por tener los primeros dedos de los pies anchos, anomalías cráneo faciales con una nariz aguileña, estatura baja y retraso mental y motor, con diagnóstico radiológico y clínico. La prevalencia es desconocida y es relativamente raro. Las cúspides en garra aparecen con frecuencia localizadas en los incisivos. No hay un patrón hereditario definido y la recurrencia es bastante improbable. Se encontró que la causa es genética, mutaciones en el cromosoma 16p13 (AU)

The Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is a genetic multisystemicdisorder that involves facial dysmorphosisand mental and growth retardation. This syndromeis characterised by having broad first toes,craniofacial anomalies with an aquiline nose, shortstature and mental and motor retardation, withradiological and clinical diagnosis. The prevalenceis unknown and is relatively rare. The talon cuspsappear frequently located on the incisors. There isno defined hereditary pattern and the recurrenceis quite improbable. The genetic cause was found, mutations in the chromosome 16p13 (AU)

Program for coordinated dental care under general anaesthesia for children with special needs

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Aim: To draw up a program for coordination of dental care for children with special needs between the Course at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCMC) (Specialisation in holistic dental care for children with special needs), and the Disabled Children’s Oral Health Unit (DCOHU) within the Madrid Health Service (SERMAS).Material and methods: UCMC Protocol for children with special needs. Design of a clinical pathway based on consensus amongst the professionals involved.Results: Algorithm for dental care for children with special needs. Matrix covering all activities and timing for full dental diagnosis in such patients (general health, oral health and behaviour) to facilitate proper referral of patients requiring general anaesthesia. Inclusion in the matrix of those responsible for each activity.Conclusions: Improved team work (University – primary health care) in patient evaluation, in provision of informationto parents and guardians and in health care quality. From the teaching point of view, students learn to adopt a systematic approach in the decision-making process

Criteria for selecting children with special needs for dental treatment under general anaesthesia.

OBJECTIVE: To study criteria for helping to select children with special needs for dental treatment under general anaesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Group of 30 children (aged under 18) examined on the Course at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) (Specialisation on holistic dental treatment of children with special needs) and subsequently referred to the Disabled Children's Oral Health Unit (DCOHU) within Primary Health Care Area 2 of the Madrid Health Service (SERMAS) where dental treatment under general anaesthesia was given during 2005. Relevant data were taken from their case histories with regard to their general health, oral health and behaviour. RESULTS: In most of the children (22 children), it was possible to carry out a complete dental diagnosis. With regard to medical diagnoses, the most frequent pathology was cerebral palsy (8 children), but it was not possible to establish a link between the pathology and the use of general anaesthesia. With regard to oral health, most of the children received restorative treatment in all 4 quadrants (26 children). On the basis of scales for behavioural evaluation and movement, most of the children (17 children) showed clearly negative behaviour, with movements that interrupted or hindered examination. CONCLUSIONS: With the exception of certain specific medical problems, the reasons for using general anaesthesia for dental treatment in children with special needs are extensive treatment needs and bad behaviour, both of which can be judged objectively.

Criteria for selecting children with special needs for dental treatment under general anaesthesia

No disponible

Objective: To study criteria for helping to select children with special needs for dental treatment under general anaesthesia.Materials and methods: Group of 30 children (aged under 18) examined on the Course at the Universidad Complutensede Madrid (UCM) (Specialisation on holistic dental treatment of children with special needs) and subsequently referred to the Disabled Children’s Oral Health Unit (DCOHU) within Primary Health Care Area 2 of the Madrid Health Service (SERMAS) where dental treatment under general anaesthesia was given during 2005.Relevant data were taken from their case histories with regard to their general health, oral health and behaviour.Results: In most of the children (22 children), it was possible to carry out a complete dental diagnosis. With regard to medical diagnoses, the most frequent pathology was cerebral palsy (8 children), but it was not possible to establish a link between the pathology and the use of general anaesthesia. With regard to oral health, most of the children received restorative treatment in all 4 quadrants (26 children). On the basis of scales for behavioural evaluation and movement,most of the children (17 children) showed clearly negative behaviour, with movements that interrupted or hindered examination.Conclusions: With the exception of certain specific medical problems, the reasons for using general anaesthesia for dental treatment in children with special needs are extensive treatment needs and bad behaviour, both of which can be judged objectively (AU)