Primary adenocarcinoma of the fourth portion of the duodenum, an unsuspected diagnosis.

Small bowel adenocarcinoma is a rare tumor accounting for only 0.3-0.4% of all gastrointestinal tumors, with duodenal adenocarcinoma being the most common subtype. In most patients, it presents with nonspecific signs and symptoms, often leading to a delay in diagnosis. Therefore, it is essential to establish an adequate initial clinical suspicion to carry out an adequate diagnostic approach, being necessary to perform both radiological and endoscopic diagnostic techniques.

Effects of two personalized dietary strategies during a 2-year intervention in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized trial.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) management is focused on lifestyle modifications, but long-term maintenance is a challenge for many individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of two personalized energy-restricted dietary strategies on weight loss, metabolic and hepatic outcomes in overweight/obese subjects with NAFLD. METHODS: Ninety-eight subjects from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study (NCT03183193) were randomly assigned to the American Heart Association (AHA) or the FLiO dietary group in a 2-year controlled trial. Anthropometry, body composition (DXA), biochemical parameters and hepatic status (ultrasonography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and elastography) were assessed at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months. RESULTS: Both the AHA and FLiO diets significantly reduced body weight at 6 (-9.7% vs -10.1%), 12 (-6.7% vs -9.6%), and 24 months (-4.8% vs -7.6%) with significant improvements in body composition, biochemical and liver determinations throughout the intervention. At the end of the follow-up, the FLiO group showed a greater decrease in ALT, liver stiffness and Fatty Liver Index, among others, compared to AHA group, although these differences were attenuated when the analyses were adjusted by weight loss percentage. The FLiO group also showed a greater increase in adiponectin compared to AHA group. CONCLUSIONS: The AHA and FLiO diets were able to improve body weight and body composition, as well as metabolic and hepatic status of participants with overweight/obesity and NAFLD within a 2-year follow-up. These findings show that both strategies are suitable alternatives for NAFLD management. However, the FLiO strategy may provide more persistent benefits in metabolic and hepatic parameters.

The Metabolic and Hepatic Impact of Two Personalized Dietary Strategies in Subjects with Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) Randomized Controlled Trial.

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide. NAFLD management is mainly focused on weight loss, but the optimal characteristics of the diet demand further investigation. This study aims to evaluate the effects of two personalized energy-restricted diets on the liver status in overweight or obese subjects with NAFLD after a 6 months follow-up. Ninety-eight individuals from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study were randomized into two groups and followed different energy-restricted diets. Subjects were evaluated at baseline and after 6 months. Diet, anthropometry, body composition, and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Liver assessment included ultrasonography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, elastography, and determination of transaminases. Both dietary groups significantly improved their metabolic and hepatic markers after the intervention, with no significant differences between them. Multivariate regression models evidenced a relationship between weight loss, adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), and a decrease in liver fat content, predicting up to 40.9% of its variability after 6 months. Moreover, the antioxidant capacity of the diet was inversely associated with liver fat content. Participants in the group with a higher adherence to the MedDiet showed a greater reduction in body weight, total fat mass, and hepatic fat. These results support the benefit of energy-restricted diets, high adherence to the MedDiet, and high antioxidant capacity of the diet for the management of NAFLD in individuals with overweight or obesity.

Association between Sleep Disturbances and Liver Status in Obese Subjects with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comparison with Healthy Controls.

The relevance of sleep patterns in the onset or evolution of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still poorly understood. Our aim was to investigate the association between sleep characteristics and hepatic status indicators in obese people with NAFLD compared to normal weight non-NAFLD controls. Ninety-four overweight or obese patients with NAFLD and 40 non-NAFLD normal weight controls assessed by abdominal ultrasonography were enrolled. Hepatic status evaluation considered liver stiffness determined by Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse elastography (ARFI) and transaminases. Additionally, anthropometric measurements, clinical characteristics, and biochemical profiles were determined. Sleep features were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Hepatic status parameters, anthropometric measurements, and clinical and biochemical markers differed significantly in NAFLD subjects compared to controls, as well as sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance score, and sleep quality score. In the NAFLD group, a higher prevalence of short sleep duration (p = 0.005) and poor sleep quality (p = 0.041) were found. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for NAFLD considering sleep disturbance was 1.59 (1.11⁻2.28). Regression models that included either sleep disturbance or sleep quality predicted up to 20.3% and 20.4% of the variability of liver stiffness, respectively, and after adjusting for potential confounders. Current findings suggest that sleep disruption may be contributing to the pathogenesis of NAFLD as well as the alteration of the liver may be affecting sleep patterns. Consequently, sleep characteristics may be added to the list of modifiable behaviors to consider in health promotion strategies and in the prevention and management of NAFLD.

Safety of oral direct acting antiviral regimens for chronic hepatitis C in real life conditions.

OBJECTIVES: Direct acting antivirals (DAA) are extremely effective to treat chronic hepatitis C. The aim of this study was to evaluate, by using objective variables, the safety of DAA combinations under clinical practice conditions. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out in mono-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with DAA between January and December 2015 in our centre. Discontinuations, treatment modifications, deaths and laboratory parameters were studied (liver function tests, hemoglobin, creatinine and lipid profile at baseline, weeks 4, 8 and post 12). Temporal variation of laboratory parameters was analyzed by t-test for paired data, and comparison between groups was made by t-test for independent samples and ANOVA. RESULTS: 227 patients were included (40.5% cirrhotic). Sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in 97.3% of patients. In only one case was the antiviral medication suspended due to toxicity, and there were no voluntary treatment discontinuations. The use of ribavirin (RBV) was associated with mild transient hyperbilirubinemia (41.2%) and anemia (32.6%, with RBV dose reduction in 7.9% of cases). There was an elevation in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) during and after treatment: mean increase of 23 mg/dL (0.59 mmol/L) and 22 mg/dL (0.57 mmol/L), respectively in post 12 (p < .0001). An increment of 20% of patients with cholesterol levels over optimal figures was observed after DAA completion. CONCLUSION: DAA have an optimum safety profile in real life conditions, with infrequent discontinuation and minor laboratory alterations.

Mesotelioma epitelioide peritoneal desenmascarado por una apendicitis aguda / Peritoneal mesothelioma unmasked by an acute appendicitis

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Derrame pleural secundario a fístula pancreático-pleural pospancreatitis aguda / Pleural effusion secondary to pancreaticopleural fistula following acute pancreatitis

La fístula pancreaticopleral es una rara complicación de la pancreatitis aguda o crónica, que requiere de tratamiento médico (análogos de somatostatina), endoscópico o quirúrgico para su resolución, siendo el primero de estos de elección. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 64 años que presenta disrupción completa del conducto de Wirsung, diagnosticada mediante ecoendoscopia y complicada con colección subfrénica, perforación diafragmática y posterior empiema. En este caso se ensayó sin éxito tratamiento médico y posteriormente endoscópico, que permitió finalmente la resolución de la lesión anatómica. El paciente precisó además una intervención quirúrgica para conseguir la evacuación de la colección pleural (AU)

Pancreaticopleural fistula is a rare complication of acute or chronic pancreatitis, requiring medical (somatostatin), endoscopic or surgical treatment, with medical treatment being the first option. We describe the case of a 64-year-old man who showed complete disruption of Wirsung's duct that was diagnosed through ultrasound endoscopy and was complicated by the development of a subphrenic collection, diaphragm perforation and subsequent empyema. Medical therapy was attempted without success, and anatomical restoration of the duct was achieved after endoscopic treatment. The patient also required surgery to evacuate the pleural collection (AU)

[Pleural effusion secondary to pancreaticopleural fistula following acute pancreatitis]. / Derrame pleural secundario a fístula pancreático-pleuralpospancreatitis aguda.

Pancreaticopleural fistula is a rare complication of acute or chronic pancreatitis, requiring medical (somatostatin), endoscopic or surgical treatment, with medical treatment being the first option. We describe the case of a 64-year-old man who showed complete disruption of Wirsung's duct that was diagnosed through ultrasound endoscopy and was complicated by the development of a subphrenic collection, diaphragm perforation and subsequent empyema. Medical therapy was attempted without success, and anatomical restoration of the duct was achieved after endoscopic treatment. The patient also required surgery to evacuate the pleural collection.

[High incidence rates of inflammatory bowel disease in Navarra (Spain). Results of a prospective, population-based study]. / Altas tasas de incidencia de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en Navarra. Resultados de un estudio prospectivo y poblacional.

INTRODUCTION: As reflected in the European Collaborative Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1991-1993), differences between northern and southern European countries in the incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) show a tendency to decrease. No data are available on the current incidence of these diseases in Navarre (northern Spain). AIM: To determine the present incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Navarra. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective, population-based study was performed to determine the incidence of IBD in Navarra between 2001 and 2003. Total population: 569,628 inhabitants (284,620 males). All cases of IBD diagnosed in any public or private hospital in Navarre were included in the study. Crude rates and age- and sex-specific rates adjusted to the European standard population were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 288 cases were diagnosed (UC 176, CD 102, indeterminate colitis 10). Crude rates of UC, CD and indeterminate colitis were 10.29, 5.96 and 0.58 cases/100,000 inhabitants/year respectively (the population aged 0-14 years of age was included). Specific rates were 9.57 (95% CI, 7.27-12.57) and 5.85 (95% CI, 3.99-8.14) cases/100,000 inhabitants/year for UC and CD, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of UC and CD in Navarra has increased in the last decade, with rates close to those of northern European countries and higher than those recently published in Spanish prospective studies.

Altas tasas de incidencia de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en Navarra. Resultados de un estudio prospectivo y poblacional / High incidence rates of inflammatory bowel disese in Navarra (Spain). Results of a prospective, population-based study

INTRODUCCIÓN: Tal como se reflejó en el Estudio CooperativoEuropeo del período 1991-1993, tienden a reducirse lasdiferencias norte/sur en las tasas de incidencia de colitis ulcerosa(CU) y enfermedad de Crohn (EC). No hay estudiosque hayan actualizado el estado de la cuestión en Navarra.OBJETIVOS: Nos planteamos conocer la incidencia actual dela enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) en Navarra.PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo y poblacional dela incidencia de EII en Navarra en el período 2001-2003, enuna población de 569.628 habitantes (284.620 varones). Serecogen la totalidad de los casos diagnosticados en todos loscentros públicos y privados de Navarra con capacidad dediagnosticar una EII. Se calculan las tasas crudas y las tasasespecíficas ajustadas a la población estándar europea.RESULTADOS: Se diagnosticaron 288 casos (176 CU, 102 EC y10 colitis indeterminadas [CI]). Las tasas crudas para CU,EC y CI fueron de 10,29, 5,96 y 0,58 casos/100.000 habitantes/año, respectivamente (incluida la población de 0-14 añosde edad). Las tasas específicas (intervalo de confianza del95%) fueron de 9,57 (7,27-12,57) y 5,85 (3,99-8,14) casos/100.000 habitantes/año para CU y EC, respectivamente.CONCLUSIONES: La incidencia de CU y EC en Navarra haaumentado en la última década, con tasas cercanas a las referidasen los países del norte de Europa y algo superiores alas de los últimos estudios prospectivos españoles

INTRODUCTION: As reflected in the European Collaborative Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1991-1993), differencesbetween northern and southern European countries in theincidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD)show a tendency to decrease. No data are available on the currentincidence of these diseases in Navarre (northern Spain).AIM: To determine the present incidence of inflammatorybowel disease (IBD) in Navarra.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective, population-basedstudy was performed to determine the incidence of IBD inNavarra between 2001 and 2003. Total population: 569,628inhabitants (284,620 males). All cases of IBD diagnosed inany public or private hospital in Navarre were included inthe study. Crude rates and age- and sex-specific rates adjustedto the European standard population were calculated.RESULTS: A total of 288 cases were diagnosed (UC 176, CD102, indeterminate colitis 10). Crude rates of UC, CD andindeterminate colitis were 10.29, 5.96 and 0.58 cases/100,000inhabitants/year respectively (the population aged 0-14 yearsof age was included). Specific rates were 9.57 (95% CI,7.27-12.57) and 5.85 (95% CI, 3.99-8.14) cases/100,000 inhabitants/year for UC and CD, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of UC and CD in Navarra hasincreased in the last decade, with rates close to those of northernEuropean countries and higher than those recently published in Spanish prospective studies (AU)