ABSTRACT
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are fructose-based oligosaccharides employed as additives to improve the food's nutritional and technological properties. The rhizosphere of plants that accumulate fructopolysaccharides as inulin has been revealed as a source of filamentous fungi. These fungi can produce FOS either by inulin hydrolysis or by biosynthesis from sucrose, including unusual FOS with enhanced prebiotic properties. Here, we investigated the ability of Fusarium solani and Neocosmospora vasinfecta to produce FOS from different carbon sources. Fusarium solani and N. vasinfecta grew preferentially in inulin instead of sucrose, resulting in the FOS production as the result of endo-inulinase activities. N. vasinfecta was also able to produce the FOS 1-kestose and 6-kestose from sucrose, indicating transfructosylating activity, absent in F. solani. Moreover, the results showed how these carbon sources affected fungal cell wall composition and the expression of genes encoding for ß-1,3-glucan synthase and chitin synthase. Inulin and fructose promoted changes in fungal macroscopic characteristics partially explained by alterations in cell wall composition. However, these alterations were not directly correlated with the expression of genes related to cell wall synthesis. Altogether, the results pointed to the potential of both F. solani and N. vasinfecta to produce FOS at specific profiles.
Subject(s)
Fusarium , Inulin , Inulin/metabolism , Oligosaccharides , Fusarium/genetics , Fusarium/metabolism , Fructose/metabolism , Sucrose/metabolism , CarbonSubject(s)
Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/drug therapy , Providencia/isolation & purification , Selection, Genetic , Sepsis/drug therapy , beta-Lactamases/metabolism , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/microbiology , Genes, Bacterial , Genotype , Humans , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Middle Aged , Providencia/enzymology , Sepsis/microbiology , beta-Lactamases/geneticsABSTRACT
Few reports described the presence of bla(KPC) and qnr genes in the same isolate. This study reports the combination of bla(KPC-2) and qnrB19 genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST340 isolate in Brazil. These findings draw attention to this combination in ST340 isolate, which is part of the CC258, disseminated in Latin America.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Klebsiella Infections/microbiology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzymology , beta-Lactamases/metabolism , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Brazil , Humans , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genetics , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Male , Middle Aged , beta-Lactamases/geneticsABSTRACT
The present work reports the detection of the first case of nosocomial Klebsiella oxytoca producing class A carbapenemase KPC-2 in Brazil. The isolate KPN106 carried a 65-kb IncW-type plasmid that harbors the blaKPC gene and Tn4401b. Moreover, we detected the presence of a class 1 integron containing a new allele, arr-8, followed by a 5'-truncated dhfrIIIc gene. In view of the recent results, we emphasize the high variability of the bacterial and genetic hosts of this resistance determinant.
Subject(s)
Genes, Bacterial , Klebsiella oxytoca/enzymology , beta-Lactamases/genetics , Aged , Alleles , Brazil , DNA Transposable Elements , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Fatal Outcome , Female , Genetic Variation , Humans , Integrons , Klebsiella Infections/diagnosis , Klebsiella Infections/drug therapy , Klebsiella oxytoca/drug effects , Klebsiella oxytoca/genetics , Klebsiella oxytoca/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Plasmids/genetics , Plasmids/metabolism , Polymyxin B/pharmacology , Rifampin/pharmacologyABSTRACT
This work reports the identification of the first case of a KΡC-2-producing Pseudomonas putida isolate (PP36) in Brazil. The PP36 isolate was resistant to all the antimicrobials tested except polymyxin B. In addition to the discovered bla(KPC-2) gene, genetic analysis showed the presence of a class 1 integron containing the dhfrXVb gene and the new allele arr-6, which codes for resistance to rifampin. These elements were found in an IncFI 65-kb plasmid.
Subject(s)
Pseudomonas putida/metabolism , beta-Lactamases/biosynthesis , Alleles , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Brazil , Burkitt Lymphoma/complications , Burkitt Lymphoma/drug therapy , Child , Humans , Integrons/genetics , Male , Meropenem , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Sequence Data , Plasmids/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy , Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology , Pseudomonas putida/genetics , Thienamycins/therapeutic use , beta-Lactamases/geneticsABSTRACT
A lipase-producing yeast strain isolated from crude cheese and identified as Trichosporon spp produced 7.3 U/mL (59.3 U/µg) after 72h of cultivation. Lipase showed optimum activity at pH 7.0-8.0 and 45-50°C. Extraction by the two-phase aqueous system (PEG-phosphate salts) showed an elevated recuperation (99.8 percent) of enzymatic activity in the PEG phase.
Uma levedura produtora de lipase isolada de queijo coalho e identificada como Trichosporon spp produziu 7,3 U/mL (59,3 U/µg) após 72h de cultivo. A lipase mostrou atividade ótima em pH 7,0-8,0 e temperatura ótima entre 45-50°C. Extração pelo sistema PEG - sais de fosfato apresentou 99,8 por cento de recuperação da atividade enzimática na fase PEG.
