ABSTRACT
Contexto: Crónica e potencialmente incapacitante, com uma baixa qualidade de vida descrita, a artrite reumatoide (AR) afeta 0,5% da população adulta mundial. As intervenções de telemedicina apresentam-se como uma medida que melhora os cuidados de saúde, reduzindo os custos e o impacto da doença. Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade das intervenções de telemedicina no autocuidado, gestão da dor e da fadiga, literacia e qualidade de vida, nas pessoas com AR. Método de revisão: Será utilizada a metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute para revisões umbrella. A localização, seleção e extração dos estudos será realizada por dois revisores independentes. Apresentação e interpretação dos resultados: Pretende-se obter dados sobre a efetividade das intervenções de telemedicina no impacto da AR nas pessoas, contribuindo para a divulgação da melhor evidência disponível. Conclusão: O protocolo estabelecido possibilita uma execução precisa por parte de todos os investigadores, contribuindo para o planeamento de intervenções de enfermagem que minorizem o impacto da AR nos autocuidados, gestão da dor e da fadiga, literacia em saúde e qualidade de vida.
Context: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and potentially disabling disease associated with a poor quality of life that affects 0.5% of the adult population worldwide. Telemedicine interventions are a measure for improving health care, reducing the costs and the impact of the disease. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of telemedicine interventions in improving the self-care, pain and fatigue management, health literacy, and quality of life of people with RA. Method of review: The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for umbrella reviews will be used. Two independent reviewers will identify, select, and extract the studies. Presentation and interpretation of results: The aim is to obtain data on the effectiveness of telemedicine interventions in the impact of RA on people, contributing to the dissemination of the best available evidence. Conclusion: This protocol will contribute to an effective planning of nursing interventions that minimize the impact of RA on self-care, pain and fatigue management, health literacy, and quality of life.
Marco contextual: Crónica y potencialmente discapacitante, con una baja calidad de vida descrita, la artritis reumatoide (AR) afecta al 0,5% de la población adulta mundial. Las intervenciones de telemedicina se presentan como una medida que mejora la atención de la salud, reduciendo así los costes y el impacto de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de las intervenciones de telemedicina en el autocuidado, manejo del dolor y fatiga, la alfabetización y la calidad de vida en personas con AR. Método de revisión: La metodología del Instituto Joanna Briggs se utilizará para las revisiones umbrella. La ubicación, selección y extracción de los estudios será realizada por dos revisores independientes. Presentación e interpretación de los resultados: El objetivo es obtener datos sobre la eficacia de las intervenciones de telemedicina en el impacto de la AR en las personas, contribuyendo así a la difusión de las mejores pruebas disponibles. Conclusión: El protocolo establecido permite una ejecución precisa por parte de todos los investigadores, lo que contribuye a la planificación de intervenciones de enfermería que minimicen el impacto de la AR en el autocuidado, la gestión del dolor y la fatiga, la alfabetización en la salud y la calidad de vida.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Quality of Life , Self Care , Health Education , TelemedicineABSTRACT
Introduction: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a cardiovascular emergency with high morbidity and mortality rates. The objective of this study is to evaluate the evolutionary trend of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for ACS. Methodology: The Cochrane methodology was applied. We included studies that evaluated risk factors, electrocardiographic and clinical presentation of ACS. Two independent reviewers performed the critical evaluation, data extraction and synthesis. Results: We included 32 observational studies (n = 1299381), from the American, African, Asian, European and Oceanian continents, since 1994 to 2014. It was verified that there are no significant changes in the prevalence of risk factors Age and Gender, with age > 65 years exceeding 50% in only 2 of the 10 studies that looked at this variable. The most prevalent gender is male (> 60%) and family his-tory shows an increase in percentage with the course of the studies. Discussion: Modifiable risk factors go through the timeline with some homogeneity, with hypertension being the most prevailing, followed by smoking, dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus. Smoking tends to be more frequent in younger patients, and hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus are more frequent in the elderly patients. Obesity is the risk factor least prevailing and also the least studied. Conclusions: All the 32 studies present very similar results, regardless of the date of data collection and the region/country where the data was collected, showing a clear cause-effect relationship between these risk factors and ACS
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